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The observed trends suggested that the final dye uptake was affected by two different factors, namely dye adsorption and dye reactivity.
Fig. 7 Build-up properties of Blue19 in solvent dyeing and in aqueous dyeing.
Blue19-VS exhibit good build up properties in solvent dyeing with K/S value as high as 31.
It was also found that solvent dyeing gave better dye build-up properties compared with aqueous dyeing.
Koenig, Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on chemical and physical properties of wool, Text.

Antibacterial properties on the bags of blood can be raised with the addition of chitosan.
This research aim is to know the influence of chitosan membrane biocomposite PVC-Glycerol against its biological and physical properties.
The bacteria and the physical properties of the blood bags were the main factors of that contamination.
The resulted antibacterial property was expected to harmonize with the PVC-glycerol biocomposites blood bag in order to maintain the original blood bag properties.
Structural Characterization and Physical Properties of Antimicrobial (AM) Starch-Based Films.

The sustainable carrying capacity of the “tourism environment” is “influenced” by many factors, including “economic, natural, and social” aspects.
These papers emphasize the importance of considering multiple dimensions of sustainability, including ecological, social, and economic factors, when evaluating technologies or alternatives.
These efforts require a comprehensive understanding of the contributing factors and potential barriers to achieving clean energy objectives.
These factors are crucial in decreasing “greenhouse gas emissions,” promoting resource efficiency, and “mitigating climate change.”
Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using weed (Dactyloctenium aegyptium) extracts for sustainable environment, agriculture, and ethnomedicine.

Visualized Flow Structure inside an Odor-Removing Basin System with Multi-Stacked Porous Baffles Woo Hyeong Lee1,a, Kyung Won Kim1,b, Jae Heon Lee1,c, Jong Hwan Yoon2,d, Moon Kyu Kwak1,e and Cheol Woo Park1,f* 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-Dong, Buk-Gu, Daegu, 702-701, Korea 2Division of Automotive, Industrial and Mechanical Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-Ro, Gyeongsan, 712-714, Korea aleewh0710@naver.com, bnarci0330@naver.com, cjheone@gmail.com, djhyoon@daegu.ac.kr, emkkwak@knu.ac.kr, fchwoopark@knu.ac.kr Keywords: Baffle, Odor removing, Visualization, Bubbly flow, Momentum Abstract.
The process was accomplished after setting a stabilized flow, and the FOV was set at 120 mm × 90 mm to accurately analyze the flow properties.
This result suggests that baffle number is an important factor in the bubbly flow mixing such that increasing baffle number enlarges bubble size.
The experimental results indicate that turbulence is dominant near the rotating disk drum and surface of baffles and that baffle number affects the bubbly flow inside the water basin.

Numerical Modeling of The TBM Disc Cutter’s Kinematic Behavior During Its Wear Process and Experimental Verification Qing Tan1,2,a,Zhenhuan Zhu2,b,Yimin Xia 1,2,c*,Lvjian Xie2,d,Xinjian Sun2,e, Binhua Li2,f 1 State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410012, China 2 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410012,China E-mail: ajds-share@163.com, bzhenhuan.zhu@gmail.com, cxiaymj@csu.edu.cn, d865420196@qq.com, e168002764@qq.com, f281176661 @qq.com Keywords: Disc cutter, Kinematic behavior, Numerical simulation, Wear, Experimental verification.
The disc cutter’s kinematic behavior is an important factor of rock breaking process and cutter’s wear process.
The wear of disc cutter will change its cutter tip shape, thus affect the cutting behavior [6], which, in turn, make the cutter’s cutting process more complex.
Its mechanical properties are listed as follows: the uniaxial compressive strength is 58~64MPa, the tensile strength is 4~6MPa, the cohesion is 1.15MPa, the internal friction angle is 43.5˚, the poison's ratio is 0.3 and the elastic modulus is 7.5GPa.

The Study of Flowing Balance with Multi-Cavity Die and Non-Uniform Thickness Jui-Chang Lin1 ,King-Sun Lee2 1 Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, National Formosa University, Huwei , Taiwan 632, R.O.C.; email: linrc@nfu.edu.tw 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chien Kuo Technology University, Changhua, Taiwan 500, R.O.C.; email:kingsun@ctu.edu.tw Keywords: Gate, Die casting; Zn-Alloy; Flow 3D; Air trap Abstract.
The basic theorem was built on three equations of fluid mechanics as follows: Energy conservation t f L zT yT xT k z T u y T v x T u t T C s p ∂ ∂ +      ∂ ∂ + ∂ ∂ + ∂ ∂ =       ∂ ∂ + ∂ ∂ + ∂ ∂ + ∂ ∂ ρ ρ 2 2 2 2 2 2 Where ρ :density; t :time; u , v , w :velocity of x , y , z direction; p :pressure; T :temperature; υ:viscosity; k :Thermal conductivity; g :gravity acceleration; pC :specific heat; sf :solid phase factor; L : latent heat.
In Fig.7 showed the thickness was variable which did not affect the flow in the middle of the part.
The internal texture of casting part contained minimum of pores and multi-cavities with same mechanic properties.

Soft rock crushing, high geostress state, high horizontal lateral pressure coefficient and other factors led to the poor stability for the shaft.
Soft rock crushing, high geostress state, high horizontal lateral pressure coefficient and other factors led to the poor stability for the shaft.
Affected by faults, rock mass is seriously broken.
The Time-dependent ProPerties of tunnel in highly stressed roeks.
Study on Mechanical Properties of Support Structure of Deep Buried Tunnel Soft and Weak Surrounding Rock in High Situ Stress Area[J].

The objective of this workwas to characterize the basic operating properties of a gasifier-based biomass cookstove using different types of biomass fuels.
In this paper, basic operating properties of gasifier-based biomass cookstove using different type of biomass fuels were evaluated.
Theoretically, almost all kinds of biomass with moisture content of 5-30% can be gasified [5].Constituents in the product gas and the gasification design are affected by the chemical composition of biomass fuels.
Other similar stoves efficiencieswere in the range of 25-35% [7].The low efficiency of stove in this work was likely to be related to the poor circulation of air due to design factor.
Fig. 5: Stove efficiency for different biomass and tests Conclusions The present work attempted to characterize the basic operating properties of gasifier-based biomass cookstove using different types of materials.

The phenomenon of capillarity is the principal factor responsible for the rise of dispersed waters and those of the superficial levels of the subsoil.
These models need well defined moisture transport properties and a useful measure of the capillarity of building materials is the water absorption coefficient.
The property called water absorption coefficient quantifies the water entry into a building material due to absorption when its surface is just in contact with liquid water.
The samples were placed in constant-temperature water bath controlled within ±0.5 ºC to avoid changes in water viscosity that might affect the absorption rate [7].
The water absorption coefficient property is dependent of the petrographic properties, chemical, physical and mechanical properties and the state of rock deterioration, as showed in the following figures with the samples exposure to salt solutions.

Monotonic Material Properties.
Thus, one may need to understand the mechanical properties of the component, such as ultimate tensile strength, yield stress, and modulus of elasticity.
From tensile testing the material properties of guide pins were determined.
The guide pin strain gage had a gage factor,, and a resistance value,.
Monotonic material properties such as , and. 2.