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The Graph of Operations Planning Sequence of a Production Order for Scheduling with Mixed Planning Strategies and Alternatives KALINOWSKI Krzysztof a, GRABOWIK Cezary b, ĆWIKŁA Grzegorz c and JANIK Witold d Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Engineering Processes Automation and Integrated Manufacturing Systems, Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland akrzysztof.kalinowski@polsl.pl, bcezary.grabowik@polsl.pl, cgrzegorz.cwikla@polsl.pl, dwitold.janik@polsl.pl Keywords: scheduling, graphs, planning strategies, alternative routes, complex processes.
Process The process is the basic characteristic of an order that describes an ordered set of activities related to the change of shape, dimensions, and form of occurrence or the physicochemical properties of a processed object or activities related to positioning of parts or assemblies in a final product.
Application of a particular scheme depends on many factors, among others, the type of transport means, the presence and capacity of intermediate buffers between the workstations etc.
The adopted scheme affects also the length of production cycle.

Chen c School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai China, 200240 a mingseas@sjtu.edu.cn, b qlan@sjtu.edu.cn, c mchen@sjtu.edu.cn Keywords: White layer, Grinding parameters, SKD-11 hardened steel Abstract.
However, grinding has been considered more sensitive to form white layer in the ground surface than metal cutting with defined cutting edge because of the relative high heat flow into the workpiece surface induced by the poor heat transfer properties of the grinding wheels such as aluminum oxide wheels and the intensive ploughing effect produced by the negative rake angle of the grinding wheels [7].
Temperature is one of the major factors of white layer formation mechanism.
Fig. 10 Micro-hardness in hot-affective region Fig. 11 Micro-hardness in hot-affective region against grinding depth against feed rate According to the analysis, grinding depth directly affect the white layer formation and the thickness of white layer as well as the hot-affective region.

It also affects other characteristics of launch vehicle, such as trajectory, flight stability, mechanical properties, etc.
CAD/CFD System Integration There are many problems in application of parametric modeling and simulation, because factors involved in it are complex.

Concrete shrinkage is the reduction in volume, caused by the factors such as the water change in the concrete, chemical reaction and temperature change.
In this project, t is 30 days; Portland cement is used, sois 1.0; The fineness of cement is 5000, sois 1.35; Aggregate is granite, sois 1.0; Water cement ratio is 0.52, sois 1.24; Cement content is 35%, sois 1.75; Natural curing is 4 days, sois 1.07; It is constructed in summer, when the climate is dry and environment relative humidity is 25%, sois 1.25; Hydraulic radius of frame beam is, sois 0.987,at the time, hydraulic radius of slab is, sois 1.0; Mechanical vibration is used, sois 1.0; Reinforcement ratio of frame beam is 0.06, sois 0.84, and reinforcement ratio of slab is 0.02, so is 0.944.
Treatment scheme The slab crack is not a stressed crack, and does not affect the safety of structure, but it influences the durability of concrete.
Properties of concrete(4e).

There are many factors which affect the current distribution on the cathode.
When only the effect of geometry factors of the parts on current distribution is considered, the current distribution is called the primary current distribution.
When discussing the effect factors of the secondary current distribution, the following formula can be obtained by derivation
and are geometry factors which are related to the shape and location of the plated parts.
Assoul, et al, Multicriteria optimization of mechanical and morphological properties of chromium electrodeposits under reverse pulse plating, Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 37 (2007) 843-852

Thermal Errors simulation and Modeling of Motorized Spindle Liangyu Cui1,a, Dawei Zhang1,b, Weiguo Gao1,c, Xiangyang Qi1,d and Yu Shen1,e 1School of mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, 92#, Weijin Road, Tianjin, China acuilytju@gmail.com, bmedzhang@tju.edu.cn, cCorresponding author: gaowg@tju.edu.cn dQiXY2007@gmail.com, eshenyu123@tju.edu.cn KEYWORD: Motorized spindle, Thermal characteristics, Thermal errors, FEM, Neural network Abstract.
Thermal errors of motorized spindle are of great importance to affect final machining precision of CNC machine tool.
In 1999, Bossmanns presented a model of heat transfer among spindle parts, but the feedback effect on the thermal properties of the bearing did not be considered [3].
The heat generated from motor can be calculated from power loss of motor when motor is in free load situation, the power loss can be computed by the following equation: (1) Where U refer to voltage which can be got from the performance carve, I is current and can be obtained from the transducer, is power factor.

They are vulnerable to rain, worms, and their mechanical properties are easily weakened.
Nicola, et al. obtained the defects status and the influencing factors of the elements through the diagnosis of a church's timber structure [6].
At the same time, they do not reduce the mechanical properties of the timber elements, especially in the column structures.
In addition, the timber knots will affect the resistance curve after them, which will result the upward shift of the resistance curve.

Furthermore, it will affect the mechanical requirements of RLMB-rotor BDFM and also brings the vibration and noise.
The effective number of turns in series under per phase per pole-pair is related to both the winding turns N and the winding factor KN.
Motor’s vibration and noise have a direct relationship with the radial forces, furthermore, the greater radial forces are, the higher mechanical strength requirements of core material will be.
Comparing Fig.4 (a) with (b), we can know: the radial force curves generated by the harmonic magnetic fields of 1, 3, 5 and 7 in Fig.4 (a) have the same variation tendency with that in Fig.4 (b), the radial force amplitude under the condition of 4-pole power winding which added AC current is greater than that under the condition of 6-pole control winding which added DC current; the radial force waves generated by 1st harmonic magnetic field at the place of five magnetic modules are the sine waves with different amplitudes, so are the 3rd and 7th ; the radial force waves at the place of five magnetic modules generated by the 5th harmonic field are also the sine waves but with the same amplitude, which has the same properties as magnetic field distribution.

The micromechamism of abrasion affects the material’s wear behavior at various levels, which usually is not taken into account in the laboratory scale tests.
In any case, the barriers formed by the dense dislocation walls [8,9] or twins [6,10] affect the total hardening behavior of the steel, which is also supported by the current friction measurements.
Somewhat different behavior is observed in the specimens compressed at high strain rates, suggesting that the strain hardening behavior at high strain rates is an important factor in impact abrasion.
For example, at low strain rates extensive straining may lead to the loss of ductility, and at high strain rates the adiabatic heating of the material may affect the surface (hardness) properties.
Wang, High strain rate mechanical properties of austenitic manganese steel, Mater Sci Tech Ser 23 (2007) 2 151-157

One of the most viable and sought for methods being looked at is using adsorption properties of synthetic fibers.
Cellulose acetate (CA), among the cellulose derivatives, is an important cellulose ester in industry out of its desirable physical properties.
One of the widely used fillers in recent nanotechnologies is nanoclay which has the ability to enhance the mechanical properties of electrospun fibers and can also increase the surface area of the fiber web.
One factor that affects the average fiber diameter is the stretching of the electrospinning jet.
Effect of organoclay content and molecular weight on cellulose acetate nanocomposites properties.Polymer Degradation and Stability, 97, 1996-2001 [8] Zheng, Y., W.