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However the superabsorbent polymer materials (SPMs) have recently got fame due to their interesting properties in terms of their use to produce CRU.
The coating thickness and solubility of UF were characterized as the controlling factors for the slow release such that higher thickness and lower solubility produced the best slow release characteristics.
Liu [6] exploited these properties and used SP technique to produce SPM-coated urea.
[6] Liu, M., “Synthesis of a slow‐release and superabsorbent nitrogen fertilizer and its properties”, Polymers for advanced technologies, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 430-438, 2006
[7] Liang, R., “Preparation and properties of a double-coated slow-release and water-retention urea fertilizer”, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 1392-1398, 2006

The development of laminated ceramic composites allow the fabrication of new materials with properties superior to those of monolithic ceramics [1].
In general, the enhanced mechanical behavior exhibited by these composites can not be attributed to a simple rule of mixtures of the properties of the constituent materials but also the laminar structure itself [2-4].
If residual stresses are present, they can be controlled by designing the proper thickness and distribution of the layers in order to optimize the mechanical properties.
All this considerations clearly show that for a laminate composite the composition, thickness, number and position of the layers are very important design parameters that must be controlled in order to get the desired properties.
The factors that affect the thickness of the layers fabricated by this processing technique are among others: Electrical conditions (voltage and current), solid contents binders and current time [59,60].

The composition of plant extracts can vary depending on environmental and seasonal factors, affecting reproducibility.
Dried leaves were then finely powdered using a mechanical grinder.
The plot indicates a synergistic effect between these two factors.
Nzeako, Evaluation of antimicrobial properties in traditional foods, Foods. 12 (2023) 3442
Acharya, Antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of metal-based nanoparticles, Sci.

Previous research studies investigated and reported the properties of 3D-printed epoxy resins as well as the physical properties of uncured epoxy resin [50-54].
The α-type alloys have excellent corrosion resistance but with low mechanical properties than the rest of the titanium alloys.
The β-type alloys, including Ti10.2.3, Ti555.3, and Ti17, are developed to improve the mechanical properties of the material.  
Kumar Koli et al. used an electrodeposition technique to create automotive/aerospace structural material with outstanding mechanical and physical properties [84].
Pronob, A Comparative Study of the Mechanical Properties of Clear and Pink Colored Denture Base Acrylic Resins.

Classification and characteristics of welding fixture program Welding pieces mostly to stamping parts of the surface shape, surface modification, through the process of drawing and bending forming process, assembly hole and a positioning hole, largely determines the shape of special fixture, plan affect the design work.
Many factors influence the welding fixture scheme, combined with the requirements of technical specification, according to the author's project design experience and theoretical basis, on the basis of welding fixture design characteristics of results, as well as welding fixture of the initial design rules, it can be divided into the following several kinds typical type: Separate type surface positioning fixture The rotary pin positioning fixture Surface orientation and guide rod combination Rotating pin and the positioning piece combination fixture separate pin positioning fixture rotary pin, positioning piece and moving pin Positioning piece and clamping member Locating piece, part and a movable pin modular Locating piece, part and a positioning pin Manual lever hinge fixture Locating piece, part and the guide rod Pneumatic lever hinge fixture Locating piece, part, positioning pin and guide rod positioning piece and positioning pin two rotating (cylinder) and locating piece
The project to achieve the intelligent design the core technology is the building of the knowledge database, which includes building a model, model representation and management, the construction of knowledge base is not accomplish at one stroke, from its implementation steps, mainly has the following several steps[4] (1) statement of class and subclass, and defines the relationship between; (2) define the properties and methods; (3) coordination between classes and subclasses inherit relationship; (4) feedback query results and input knowledge base.
China Mechanical Engineering.1999, 3; Vol.10 No.3; 301-305

Introduction Surface finishing, considered as the study of microgeometrical properties of the workpieces’ surfaces and their influence on their functional behaviour, has a great importance in the engineering of the manufacturing processes due to the wide variety of functional behaviours affected by it.
The delimitation of the measurement area and the choice of a suitable reference system are key factors in the determination of the values of the most representative parameters used in the characterization of surface finishing.
Reference system In a simplified way, it is possible to say that the mechanical roughmeter receives from the scanning unit a signal proportional to the relative displacements (z-axis) of the stylus’ tip respect the trajectory that the measuring head follows in its displacement (x-axis).

Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of Corner Cracks under LBH Loading Chung Seog Oh 1,a, Philip Park2,b, Yong Hak Huh 2,c, Soon Gyu Ko 3,d, Don Young Hwang 4,e and Hyeon Mo An 4,f 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Korea 2 Center for Environment and Safety Measurement, KRISS, Daejeon, Korea 3 Material Testing Division, MTS Korea, Seongnam, Korea 4 Korea Institute of Aerospace Technology, Korean Air, Daejeon, Korea a ocs@kumoh.ac.kr, bphilip@kriss.re.kr, cyhhuh@kriss.re.kr, dsoongyu.ko@mts.com, e donhwang@hitel.net, fanhyeonmo@naver.com Keywords: Fatigue Crack Growth, Corner Crack, Damage Tolerant, Random, LBH Abstract.
The threshold stress intensity factor, ∆Kth, is 3.74 mMPa .
The stress intensity factor (SIF) of a corner crack is calculated by the equations proposed by Newman and Raju [8].
The modeling parameters are set to the same as the material properties and the dimension of a real specimen.
It is inferred that the bearing stress affects a detrimental influence on the early fatigue crack growth in the case of corner cracks.

Yangb Department of Powder Mechanical Engineering, National Formosa University, Taiwan a pcm1020@gmail.com, b ianyang@nfu.edu.tw Keywords: coal-water slurry, viscosity, gasification, spray.
As viscosity is a key factor for atomization characteristics, we used silicon oils of different viscosity as the testing liquids, to study the effect of different atomization parameters on the atomization characteristics.
At the output end of the atomizer, the velocity is affected by the grid points more; as the axial distance increases, the difference is smaller.
In addition to laser parameters and seeding properties, the sensitivity of PIV measurement depends on analytic criteria as well.
At radial velocity, high viscosity fluid was less affected by the changes of the GLR and the position. 3.

Zhou G. [12-13] has studied the mechanical properties of sandwich panels in many aspects.
So, the impact force histories are greatly affected by the core thickness, and also, the core density and the face-sheets thickness do have some influence.
Through thickness properties are the most important for honeycomb energy absorption behavior, design of energy absorbing barrier structures and impact resistant aircraft sandwich panels.
The core density affects the dent depth: the less core density is likely to deflect due to lower stiffness.
For AFS and AFT, the curve is quite affected by the core thickness.

The efficacy of osseointegration is influenced by factors including the surface condition of titanium implant, therefore, varied surface modifications have been performed to improve the osseointegration, such as formation of TiO2, coating with hydroxyapatite or natural organic compounds and chemical treatments, [9].
The interaction between cells and implants is governed by a number of physical and chemical processes among which a major factor is implant surface topography [13].
Fibroblast cells are the key to tissue regeneration and proliferate rapidly in vivo, producing a highly dense matrix of proteins and growth factors through an organized net of cells with elongated morphologies.
Fibroblasts are the key to tissues regeneration and proliferate quickly in vivo, and a highly dense proteins matrix and growth factors are produced by a cells cluster with elongated morphology [19].
In conclusion, the results show that the Ti-7.5Mo nanotubes samples have better surface properties than polished Ti-7.5Mo to be used as biomedical materials; however the biocompatibility can be better evaluated if it is used a cell with higher affinity for rough surfaces such as mesenchymal stem cells or osteoblasts.