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Modern material science has been up to an unprecedented level.
Besides, modern material science keeps providing new materials for us.
• Touch properties of materials Touch properties of materials, another main sensation for people to experience materials, perceive touch properties of materials by touching materials with people’s hands or skins.
Touch textures of materials are bound up with expression ways of materials’ surface structures.
JOURNAL OF WUHAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, Jan. 2010(Vol. 32 (No.1) [4] X.

[6] K Lu and J Lu: Journal of Material Science & Technology, Vol. 15(3) (1999), p. 193-197
Prokopenko: Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 437 (2006), p. 396-405
[12] G Liu, J Lu, and K Lu: Materials Science and Engineering, Vol.
Lu: Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 445–446 (2007), p. 281–288
Lu: Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 29 No. 10 (2013).

System Structure A conception combining with flexible structure and piezoelectric materials is utilized in the micro-gripper.
The micro-gripper consists of piezoelectric materials, flexible structure, gripper, ruby, and adjusting screw etc., as shown in Fig. 1.
Materials, Processes Reliability and Yield, 2nd Edition. (1997)
Journal of Mechanical Design.
Journal of Mechanical Engineering.

Introduction 1.1 Materials constitutive relations The behaviour of most materials depends on strain rate and temperature.
Materials and Specimen geometry An aluminum alloy is investigated in this work.
Maiden and S.J.Green, Compressive strain-rate tests on six selected materials at strain rates from to, Journal of applied mechanics, Vol. 33 (1966), p. 4961-4970
Part I: Experiments and Simulations, Computational material sciences, In press, (2010)
[25] Youssef Aoura, David Ollivier, Abdelhak Ambari, Philippe Dal Santo, Determination of material parameters for 7475 Al alloy from bulge forming tests at constant stress, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 145 (2004), p. 352–359

Both research on the utilization of a wide range of raw materials of biological origin (including wastes, byproducts of other industries…), different processing technologies, different types of fuels, a wide assortment of products, and studies on the common approach of biorefinery, including its economic aspects and management, form a thematical diversity of this research field.
The terms “biorefin*” or “bio-refin*” did not allow to recognize all publications devoted to the biorefinery, because many publications regarding the studies of separate processing technologies, raw materials, fuels, or products, as also case studies did not use the term “biorefinery” or its derivatives in title, abstract or keywords.
The wide range of bio-origin raw materials, obtained products and fuels, different processing technologies and analysis methods, and studies of bioeconomy as a system and its economic aspects ask for the utilization of the previous knowledge from a wide range of fields/areas/disciplines of science.
Substantially lower output is in social sciences, although biorefinery is mentioned also in some sectorial policy documents [2, 3]; there are also publications in Medicine and Health sciences journals.
The fourth cluster – “Algae – biotechnology” unifies rather the keywords of similar processing methods and its raw materials.

Water anomaly in capillary liquid absorption by cement-based materials[J]．Journal of Materials Science Letters, 1995,14(7):1178-1181
Constructure and Building Materials, 2011,25(1):335-343
The moisture transfer research of cement-based materials [D].
Materials and Structures,1989,19(6):423-436
Beijing: Science Press, 1986.

Badura 1 , J.Rasek1 , P.Kwapuliński1 , G.Haneczok1 1 Institute of Materials Science, University of Silesia, Bankowa 12, 40-007 Katowice, Poland stoklosa@us.edu.pl Keywords: amorphous magnetic materials, soft magnetic materials, crystallization, microstructure Abstract.
Disscusion The obtained results indicates that the Fe98-xNb2Bx (x= 16, 18, 20) amorphous alloys belong to a new group of excellent soft magnetic as well as resistance materials.
Hono, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 354 (2008) 882 [3] E.
Wang, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 473 (2009) 152 [5] J.
Pająk, Journal of Alloys and Compound s 436 (2007) 43

Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation, China (No. 51275047), the National Defense Fundamental Research Foundation, China (No.
Determination of Best Objective Function for Evaluating Geometric Deviations, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 1999 (15) 206-212; [4] Shakarji C.
Flatness error evaluation based on evolutionary strategy [J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument 2007, 28(5) 832-836 [7]LIAO Ping, YU Shouyi.
Mechanical Science and Technology. 2003, 24(3) 181-184 [8]CHEN Ping WANG Guozhao.
A new algorithm of planar point set based on sorted points[J].Bulletin of Science and Technology.2007, 23（6）863-866 [9]ZHANG Fei XIE Buying.

Abstract The observation of the natural world is increasingly inspiring the field of material science.
Qazi, Materials Science and Engineering: C 26 (2006) 1269-1277
Zhang, Biomedical Materials 6 (2011)
Virtanen, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 7 (2015) 26758-26766
Bellucci, Journal of Magnesium and Alloys (2017)

(3) Where, β is Dundurs parameter, k is related with Poisson's ratio υ, k=(3-υ)/(1+υ) for plane stress and k=3-4υ for plane strain, subscripts 1 and 2 refer to two kinds of materials, G1 and G2 are material shear modulus.
Acknowledgements This work is supported by Shandong Province Outstanding Young Scientist Research Award Fund (BS2009ZZ012), by Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program (J10LD04) and also by Qingdao science and technology development plan (09-1-3-36-jch).
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