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Table 1 Experimental materials and proportion Experiment number coating Coating amount (g) Filler type Filler content (g) 1 Nitro coating 3 Nano TiO2 0 2 0.01 3 0.05 4 0.1 1.2 Preparation of composite coatings (1) in Table 1 shows the experimental ratio were known from the need of nano TiO2 content, and said from the same batch of experimental conditions for the NC coating quality, disposable plastic cup containing, the different proportion of nanometer TiO2 powder added slowly to NC coating (nitro paint), and the magnetic stirrer 45 DEG C under high speed stirring for 1 h, then to 70% of the power ultrasonic 10min, nano TiO2 fully dispersed in the NC coating, then use the pressure ejection of the mixed coating attached to the surface of the substrate (reference standard 98PSI, Japan), the film thickness of about 50 m. the base Material at room temperature and ventilated place dry 24h, set aside
Subsequent research will consider using surface modification agent of nanometer TiO2 surface was modified to increase its in nitro paint evenly dispersed, thereby Step to improve the wear resistance of the coating. 2.2 Effect of nanometer titanium dioxide on adhesion and hardness of coating film Table 2 Effection of nano-TiO2 on the adhesion and hardness of the coatings Experiment number 1 2 3 4 adhesion 1 1 1 1 Pencil hardness 2B 2B 2B 2B From table 2 can be seen, nano titanium dioxide added amount had no significant influence on the adhesion and hardness of the film, adhesion were grade 1 and hardness are 2B.
Nano TiO2 didn't join the both inside and outside of the film stress adverse effects, and the surface of a large number of hydroxyl groups and unsaturated residual bond in the film drying process , and coatings can be reactive group forms a hydrogen bond with the double bond cross-linking and keep the excellent adhesion level.
Without adding TiO2 nanoparticles, cross grain and Shun print gloss is 46%.

DV-Hop is a range-free and distributed node localization scheme, and its primary localization elements are average hop-size and number of hop counts.
Some necessary formulae are given as follows: , and, and (6) , and , (7) where n is the number of beacons attending the unknown node’s position derivation.
The number of beacons participating in each unknown node’s position derivation is fixed as 4, and each unknown node uses the nearest 4 beacons’ information to implement the localization scheme.
Strivastava: “Dynamic fine-grained localization in ad-hoc networks of sensors,” in: Proc. of MOBICOM, ACM, Rome, Italy( 2001), p. 166-179

Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) Figure 1 - X-ray diffraction patterns of elemental (a) Ta-33.3%Si and (b) Ta-66.6%Si powder mixtures at various milling times.
The formation of nanocrystalline phases with a grain size of 10-30 nm was observed when high-energy milling was employed.
Figure 4 - TEM bright-field images and corresponding selected area electron diffraction patterns of powder (a) Ta-33.3%Si and (b) Ta-66.6%Si samples milled for 40 h. 40 h (a) (b) (c) (d) (h) (g) (e) (f) 10 µm 100 µm 20 µm 20 µm 100 µm 100 µm 100 µm 30 µm 50 nm 200 µm 20 µm 50 nm (a) (b) Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) Figure 5 - DSC curves of (a) Ta-25%Si, (b) Ta-33.3%Si, (c) Ta-37.5%Si and (d) Ta-66.6%Si powders after milling for 40 h.
Kim: Scripta Materiallia Vol. 44 (2001), pp. 97. 30 40 50 60 70 900°C / 1 h Intensity (cps) 2θ 1100°C / 1 h Ta Ta5Si3 1100°C /1 h 30 40 50 60 70 Intensity (cps) 2θ 900°C / 1 min. 700°C / 1 min. 1200°C / 1 h TaSi2 Ta5Si3 1200°C / 1 h (a) (b) 900°C / 1 min. 700°C / 1min. 900°C / 1 min. 1100°C / 1 h 30 40 50 60 70 30 40 50 60 70 2θ 2θ Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) [14] G.V.

The resultant free energy formulae can be written as follows, { }( ) ( )( ) ∫ ∑       ∇∇⋅+ = ' ' ' dV f L F uII IIuII ICVM chem ,, ,, 0 3 1 φφκφ , (1) where L is the unit length of the coarse-grained cell, φI is the independent variable of the free energy, which describes the atomic configuration in the system.
f0CVM is the conventional CVM free energy for the uniform system and is generally expressed as [13], ( ) ( )∑∑ ∑ ⋅ +⋅= m J m m m m B m mm CVM JxJxT�kv�f 2 0 ln γ ξ , (2) where � is the number of the lattice points, vm is the effective cluster interaction energy for a cluster m, kB is the Boltzmann constant, T is the absolute temperature, γm is a coefficient related to the symmetry of the crystal lattice and the size of the cluster considered in the formulation. ξm is the correlation function of m-body cluster, xm(J) is the cluster probability of finding the atomic configuration J on the cluster m.
(12) where � is the number of lattice points, θ is the spin flipping probability per unit time, ∆E represents the change of the internal energy in ∆t and the notation, L(x) =xlnx-x, is used in eq. (12) for convenience.
The calculated results below T* =1.7 are missing in Fig. 3, since the solutions of real numbers for L11* and L22* were not obtained below this temperature.

Recent studies have addressed the phase stability of Cu, Ag and their supersaturated (eutectic) alloys upon fast annealing, evidencing an extremely high atomic mobility of the confined metal atoms along internal interfaces (i.e. phase­ and grain­boundaries) at relatively low temperatures, which pos­ sibly involves interfacial pre­melting [1, 5] .
At the atomistic level, density functional theory (DFT) allows to include ab initio electronic effects but can treat models with a limited number of particles (of the order of 103 atoms/molecules).
As a next step, the developed modelling approach for nano­Cu melting will be implemented to predict the melting point depression of Cu nano­grains confined at the nano­scale between an inert barrier (e.g.
All the samples attained the same equilibrium temperature, but its fluctuations decreased with the increasing number of atoms.
The number of atoms in the structure ranged from 333 up to 9000.

A large number of compounds, mostly paramagnetic substances, have been assayed as potential MRI contrast agents [19, 20].
The oleate/Fe ratios have effect on the size of grain.
Electron microscopic studies can determine the size of nanoparticles [171-174] and reports the gross particle size of the core i.e., a number weighted mean value.
sample number sodium oleate (g) oleic acid (mL) ethanol (mL) a 1.92 20 40 b 1.92 17 43 c 1.68 20 40 Fig. 13.
Niepce, Influence of grain size, oxygen stoichiometry, and synthesis conditions on the γ-Fe2O3 vacancies ordering and lattice parameters, J.

Large numbers of cheap and smart sensors, networked through wireless links, provide exciting applications in multifarious areas including object tracking, habitat monitoring, mineral reconnaissance, intruder detection.
Estrin, “Fine-Grained Time Synchronization using Reference Broadcasts," Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 2002), Boston, MA, December 2002.

This is mainly because the number of hydroxy on silicon oxide network surface is bigger than on titanium oxide network surface, but hydrophilic property of RNH3 is weak to hydroxy.
Grain size and wettability of TiO2/SiO2 photocatalytic composite thin films, J.Rare Metals. 20(2001): 81-86 .

In recent years, people of such materials in the spin-wave Spectrum [1], dispersion relations [2], spin resonance wave [3], since Spin wave nature of the [4] and a variety of spin-wave mode [5], As well as the band structure [6,7] and other issues, reasonable on the experimental side and made a large number of studies [8,9,10].
[3] Han Z Q , A model of microwave loss due to spin wave resonance in grain surface layers, Acta Phys.sin.

Introduction Bulk amorphous Nd60Fe30Al10 alloy, first reported in 1996[1,2], has attracted a number of studies due to the high glass-forming ability and hard magnetic behavior at room temperature.
The improvement of magnetic properties after magnetic crystallization is considered to be the result of both magnetic-field-induced crystallite alignment and enhanced exchange coupling due to a reduction of grain size.