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Compression perpendicular to grain as well as shear strength of wood are usually too weak to resist earthquake forces, which may lead to cracks on tou-kung; wood material is easy to distort due to air shrinkage, which is a main inducement for distortion and slack of members of tou-kung; environment of dampness and airtightness may cause decay problem of tou-kung members; anisotropic characteristic of wood material makes its mechanical as well as physical performances discordant, which may lead to cracks of tou-kung under loads
In fact, the more the layer number of tou-kung is, the lower value of k be [12].

.% Mo), indicate that films with more incorporated Mo have larger crystallite/grain sizes.
The increased reversibility in Mo/W mixed films may be related to a reduction in the number of sites where lithium ions could bind the matrix irreversibly [4].

A limited amount of carbon from the MA can also be seen to start diffusing as indicated by the pearlite formed next to the MA particles and along the grain boundaries formed by the Fe particles (Fig. 2a).
The Mn source in each case can be found by the reference number, and as seen in the Table the properties obtained with the present approach allow an interesting comparison, with other PM steels having a more complex chemical composition, processed at higher temperatures or using protection, like getters or containers, to prevent oxidation and pronounced Mn evaporation.

It showed that a large number of pores existed in the sample sintered at the low temperatures below 1473 K, but the porosity decreased significantly with apparent grain growth when the sintering temperature was raised to 1473K.

A white alumina powder of 10-45 µm grain size (Showa Electric Co., K-16T) was sprayed on the bond coat as top coat.
Both heating rate and cooling rate affected the number of AE and the distribution of AE generation temperature.

The main purpose of the work was to elaborate of a method allowing to control numbers and morphology of the second intermetallic phase in the Zn-Cu-Ti single crystals and in consequence possibilities to produce structures with precisely defined properties.
After crossing this critical rate, the resulting structure were columnar grains elongated in the growth direction.

Fatigue of metals can be explored from the scale of metal grains of a metallic aggregate.
The number of patches is 251×21 and 301×21 depended on analysis conditions.

The microstructure of the steel was composed of austenite phase with a few amount of δ-ferrite with average grain size of about 50micron.
During increasing of load, a certain number of mobile dislocations are injected in crystals.

It will create the most suitable environment for plants thereby to increase the grain yield and revenues.
Acknowledgements The loan project about agricultural product safe quality from The World Bank (number: 2011-Z20) References [1] Z.J.YAO, etc.

In ferrites, the polarization is directly depending upon Fe+2 ions concentration at a grain.
The reason of decrease in dielectric constant with doping gadolinium is that the number of iron ions decreased when gadolinium dopant replaces iron ions from octahedral sites which results in decrease of hopping of electrons [13].