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For these components, the damaging effects from fire can vary extremely in relation to the nature of the materials involved and the relevant fire resistance.
The formula is here reported: d = Kr x v – Mr (1) Where: Kr are the re-construction costs; v is the depreciation coefficient; Mr is the value of residual materials.
Actually, many variables contribute to define the depreciation coefficients, as the age of the building, the materials used, the functional and techological solutions adoped, the manteinance condition and the economic context.
[15] Manganelli B., Maintenance, building depreciation and land rent, Applied Mechanics and Materials, Volume 357-360, 2013
[16] Morano P., Tajani F., Break Even Analysis for the financial verification of urban regeneration projects, Applied Mechanics and Materials, Trans Tech Publications, vols. 438-439, 2013.

At present, the need for the ceramic materials design is certainly irresistible.
Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 113 Experimental Procedures The tested ceramic materials are fabricated with the hot pressing technique.
For the multiphase composite ceramic materials, some critical values of the mechanical properties can reasonably be ascertained in the possible limits Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 115 of the material properties according to the requests from the material performance.
(Natural Science) Vol. 35 (1999), p. 214 [4] P.F.
Zhou: Applied Regressive Analysis Methods (Shanghai Science and Technology Press, China 1990).

Heat-Resistant Composite Materials Based on Secondary Material Resources V.D.
Al-Hawas, Effects of key factors on compressive and tensile strengths of concrete exposed to elevated temperatures, Arabian journal for science and engineering, 39(6) (2014) 4507-4513
Rusina, Heat-resistant concrete using technogenic raw materials, Building materials, 1 (2013) 12-14
Sciences, Volgograd, 26, 17
Rossignol, Use of silicon carbide sludge to form porous alkali-activated materials for insulating application, European physical journal-special topics, 224(9) (2015) 1725-1735

A Material Selection Method Based on Finite Element Method Shengbin Wua , Xiaobao Liu b School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China awushengbin2013@qq.com, bforcan2008@qq.com Keywords: material selection; finite element method; static analysis; modal analysis Abstract.
But really scientific and reasonable to select need more scientific methods which comprehensive evaluate the different materials and choose one which can satisfy the use requirement and suit for processing and manufacturing .
Materials Science and Engineering: A, 431 (2006) 248-255
Journal of manufacturing systems, 15(1996) 1-12
Advances Materials Research, (2013) 1478-1481

Ti2AlC/TiC Functionally Graded Material Fabricated by Reaction Sintering Yanlin Chen1,2,a, Ming Yan1,2,b , Peijie Lu1,c, Zongyu Li1,d, Chengwen Zeng1,e 1School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China 2Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industrial, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China aChenyl70@126.com, bcaridle@qq.com, c1343500561@qq.com, d372566821@qq.com, e366062249@qq.com Keywords: TiC; Ti2AlC; FGMs; HP; sintering temperature Abstract.
Experiment With powder raw material Ti, Al, TiC made Ti2AlC/TiC functionally gradient materials.
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2012, 95(1):358-364
Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2008, 28(8): 169721713
Journal of Materials Science and Technology, 2011, 27(3):239-244

Both the two materials meet the requirements of gradient composite material whose outer area is in high intensity and center area is in flexile.
In-situ Al/Mg2Si functional graded materials (FGMs) prepared by electromagnetic separation.
Hypereutectic Al-5%Fe in situ surface layer composite produced by electromagnetic separation, Journal of Functional Materials, 2007.4,38(4),529-31,539
Effect of Al-Mg alloy on the composition of Al2O3-SiC-Al composite, Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 2008, 31(3): 277-279
Materials for Mechanical Engineering, 2001,25(1)：28-31.

Summary Composite material pressure vessels are the important application of composite materials in pressure vessels, and it will be developed with the improved of composite materials.
The break through of pressure vessel materials will have a significance to the entire pressure vessel technology[13].
Meng: Journal of Chiferg College.
Tian: The boundary element method of composite materials.
(Science Press, Beijing 1996)

In Indonesia, random fill materials are frequently used as a major composition in dam construction.
Optimally integrated local materials are commonly utilized to construct earthfill dams [1].
Other materials such as sand-gravel fill are also frequently used as an alternative [5–7].
J.: Large Scale Testing of Rockfill Materials.
International Journal of Engineering Sciences 2, No. 8, pp. 421-426. (2013) [8] USACE: General Design and Construction Considerations for Earth and Rock-Fill Dams.

Review, Journal of Materials Science, 11 (1976) 1135–1158
Hampshire, Silicon Nitride Ceramics, Materials Science Forum, 606 (2009) 27-41
Jack, Nitrogen ceramics for engine applications, Materials Science Forum, 325-326 (2000) 255-262
Cao, Consolidation/synthesis of materials by electric current activated/assisted sintering, Materials Science Engineering Research 63 (2009) 127-287
Kawahara, Fabrication of silicon-nitride nano-ceramics by spark plasma sintering, Journal of Materials Science Letter, 14 (1995) 1047-1047

Material value conservation as an effort to maintain the residual value of plastic materials.
Due to the increasing number of recycled plastic materials and the long plastic materials life cycle, the continuous use of recycled plastic materials can minimize the need for virgin plastic materials [24] and further reduce the problem of environmental from plastic waste.
Iacovidou, An overview of the challenges and trade-offs in closing the loop of post-consumer plastic waste (PCPW): Focus on recycling, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 344 (2018) 179-199
Kamaruddin, Optimization of Mechanical Properties of Recycled Plastic Products via Optimal Processing Parameters Using the Taguchi Method, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 12 (2011) 211 [14] S.
Textbook of Polymer Science.