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These factors would cause an increase in the temperature measured by the thermocouple.
The heat transfer between the roll and the solidification layer of the aluminum alloy might affect this result.
Xu: A novel approach to improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloys during twin-roll casting, Metals 13,1713(2020)

The findings obtained that the overlapped twisted tape gave a significant increase in both Nusselt number and friction factor compared with plain heat exchanger.
According to the findings, heat transfer, friction factor, and thermal enhancement efficiency are significantly improved by the presence of holes in the twisted tape, especially with an increasing number of holes.
The physical properties of the air are considered as density (1.184 kg\m3) and dynamic viscosity (0.000018491 kg\m.s), [10].
From the inlet of the annular diffuser, the rectangular twisted hub significantly affects the pressure distribution.
Journal of Research and Applications in Mechanical Engineering.

There is a difference of charge number and ionic radius between ferrous iron and ferric iron, which will likely affect their preference for solution in the spinel crystals as well as the position occupied in the lattice.
The formation of the composite spinel related to the valence state of iron element, the components of spinel solid solution and other factors.
Li, Influence of contents of pre-synthesized spinel on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the lightweight corundum-spinel refractory castables, Key Eng.

This crisis has made human beings began to reflect on how severe their production and lifestyle affect the environment and to try to make an attempt at establishing a brand-new ecological concepts, in search of an effective and harmonious way to deal with the relationship between human and the nature.
In terms of the appearance design, on the one hand, the product modeling should fully consider factors of material texture, color, and functions and so on, on the other hand, the disassembly of products should also be considered for the purpose of recyclability or reuse of these components.
Still, the evaluation system of Green Design should be established on the basis of Ecological Holism, including the following criteria: Functionality – Functionality and aesthetics are the fundamental properties of modern design.
Liu: Green Design (Mechanical Industry Press, Beijing 1999), p.27, in Chinese

Usability of Boron as an Alloying Element in Gray Cast Iron Rollers and Its Effect to Abrasive Wear Behaviour Cemal Meran1,a and Mehmet Yuksel2,b 1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey acmeran@pau.edu.tr, bmyuksel@hotmail.coml Keywords: Gray cast iron; pin-on-drum; abrasive wear; alloy element; boron Abstract.
The amount, distribution and geometric shape of the graphite affects the characteristics of gray cast iron, so called, because of the gray appearance of its broken surface [3,4].
In wear mechanisms, some important factors are hardness, shape and size of abrasive grit or roughness, attack angle, normal load applied, sliding speed and fracture toughness of the material.
Steiner, ASM Handbook Volume 1: Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys, 1990, ASM International, USA [2] D.M.

Manufacturing process is an organizational structure, which purpose is to manufacture and distribute products of a given properties required to obtain a reasonable profit [4].
Therefore, two important factors need to be considered.
Manufacturing process support system using Artificial Intelligence Data Manufacturing process generates various signals (force, torque, temperature, mechanical vibration, acoustic emission, etc.) which correlate with the condition of the manufacturing processes.
Control Generally control is understood as purposeful interaction that associates a certain object whose function is affected and an entity that performs this operation.

Generally, due to the shrinkage of concrete after the final set or the interference to the concrete pouring and vibrating for steel lining structure factors, between the steel lining and concrete interface there will be some random, different size and different depth of concrete empty more or less [2].
Late grouting hole sealing leakage or leakage may cause serious engineering accident, and affect the safe running of the steel pipe [2]~[3].
The mechanical properties of materials are shown in table 1.

It is extremely easy to form a brittle acicular or lamellar iron phase with aluminum and other elements in the matrix, which will seriously to deteriorate the mechanical properties of the alloy.
The deformation is not only influenced by the deformation temperature, deforming extent and strain rate, but also comprehensively affected by solid fraction, liquid flow and other various factors [8, 9].

Reliability of numerical simulation for forming processes is highly affected by variety of factors including accuracy of geometric and material models, reasonability of assumptions and simplifications, anisotropic material and temperature variation effects.
Mechanical analysis The approach presented here describes the ductile damage based on the thermodynamics of irreversible processes [3, 6].
Properties of the obtained parameters are summarized in Table 1.

Introduction Nitrogen is widely used to control the structural and mechanical properties of silicon [1-5].
The other parameters - the trimeric diffusivity D3, the rate coefficient α and the initial trimeric concentration C30 - affect the profiles only through the near-surface gradient in the transformation rate of VN4.
Note that the pre-exponential factor in D1(T) is almost the same as that for the diffusivity of monomeric oxygen [14].
The pre-exponential factor in K(T) is close to the lattice site density.