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Essentially, the current loop contains a internal feedback loop of the object properties from the control signal to the armature current, and the loop is applied to reduce the effect of the bad linearity of various components.
The system selects DC motor mostly, and the mechanical characteristic of the DC motor is very soft, therefore the velocity loop is an integral part of a loop.
In theory, the speed error factor of second-order correction is infinite, so there is no speed lag, but the system stability is bad and acceleration lag is relatively high.
But the linear integrator is a link with a phase lag of 90°, therefore it affects the system dynamic performance and stability of the system.

Main advantages of using Sn-Ag-Cu based solders are attributable to their low melting point, excellent mechanical properties and good solderability compared to other lead (Pb) free solder alternatives.
The factor whether alloying element dissolves in solvent or formation of secondary phase will determine the magnitude of lattice strain-scattering that leads to electrical resistivity [11].
According to Medgyes et al. (2013), this halide was a very potent agent that affects the SnO2 protective layer that forms on the surface of the solder paste alloy [16].

· Both upper and lower run of the belt will be affected, and a strong coupling between both runs is constituted by the return drums.
The flexible deformation of the belt is given by the standard ordinary differential equation (ODE) where denotes the lateral bending moment in the belt, is the area moment of inertia, is the shear modulus, the elastic modulus, is the belt’s cross sectional area, and is a dimensionless form factor.
The comparison shows that the inherent properties of MPC pose a strong advantage over classical methods especially in terms of a balance between compliance to constraints and closed-loop performance.
Hoffmann: "Flat Belt Conveyor”; Cappadocia International Mechanical Engineering, 2004

Introduction Gear rattle arises from gaps and multi-valued stiffness elements in typical gear drivetrain, particularly, under the impact of torsional vibrations and it can seriously affect the dynamic performance of the gear transmission, and reduce the life of the gear.
In the analysis of gear rattle, stiffness and damping coefficient is the direct impact factor of rattling.
[7] Dong Haijun, ShenYunwen.InvestigationofRattling ThresholdinGear System.Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2005(4): p. 571-574
Journal of Mechanical Strength,2003,25(4):373-377(in Chinese)
The Linear Approximated Equation of Vibration of a Pair of Spur Gears (Theory and Experiment),ASME JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL DESIGN, June,1994, Vol. 116, pp. 558-564.

The coefficients of the correlation of a custom continuous WT with the stator current vector are used in [9] as a discriminating factor.
The motor-load inertia also affects the fb magnitude.
According to the filter-bank property of the DWT, an analysis level j bandwidths of the approximation Aj and detail Dj signal are related to sample rate fs according to (3)
The motor mechanical load was provided by a separately excited dc generator feeding a variable resistor.
Antoni, in: Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, Vol. 25 (2011), p. 485-520

Poor thermo physical properties of conventional heat transfer fluids such as water, ethylene glycol and engine oil limit their cooling performance [8].
Yang, Characterization of electrokinetic properties of nanofluids, J.
Singh, Particle shape effects on thermophysical properties of alumina nanofluids, J.
Yang, Thermophysical and electrokinetic properties of nanofluids- A critical review, Applied Thermal Engineering 28 (2008) 2109-2125
Wu, Thermal and rheological properties of carbon nanotube-in-oil dispersions, Journal of Applied Physics 99 (2006) 114307

Soboyejo1,3 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, African University of Science and Technology, (AUST) , Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. 2Department of Engineering Infrastructure, National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI), Abuja, Nigeria. 3Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering & Princeton Institute of Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM), United States of America. 4Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Federal University Oye, Ekiti State, Nigeria. 5Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio State, United States of America. 6 Integrity Engineering Services, DLloyd’s Register Energy, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
Prior studies by Frankel et al [2] have revealed that the pitting of metals is controlled by factors such as: alloy composition, environment, potential and temperature.
However, multivariate regression models have been applied to the modeling of the relationships between multiple variables that affect strength, fracture toughness and fatigue resistance [11], these authors are unaware of the application of such models to the modeling of corrosion phenomena, such pit size and corrosion rate, and their dependence on pH and exposure duration.
Budinski, Engineering Materials, Properties and Selection, Ninth Edition, Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, Columbus, Ohio. 133 – 166 (1986)
Frankel, Pitting corrosion of metals a review of the critical factors.

This property holds in our context, if the system still fulfills the minimum requirements after the (complete) failure of K arbitrary pumps.
Finally, for an example building, we compute optimal solutions with buffering capacity K for K = 1, 2, 3 and evaluate their properties with respect to pump failures.Mathematical Model We first present a mathematical model that allows to compute an optimal placement of pipes and pumps as well as the optimal operation of pumps to supply a high-rise building with fresh water in a static case.
To investigate resilience, we compute the solutions of a real-world application for different resilience factors K.
Compared to the optimal solution, the resilient topologies are less affected by deviations of the demand distribution.
For other λ, the critical zone changes and is also connected to pumps whose flow is affected by λ.

They deal with properties of various materials (for example the strength of the material) during of solving of tasks, with the functionality of a whole equipment, but also with a cost optimisation.
The situation is an even worse that a broad spectrum of tasks from different fields that relate to a range of jobs within the national economy, is affected.
The copper has a good electrical conductivity and it is a good for a mechanical processes.
The wood as a material has better mechanical properties (as solid) than plastics and it is a less brittle.
The alternatives of materials are seek continuously with regard to the safety, material properties and cost.

Diffusion Channel of Generic Technology in Equipment Manufacturing Industry Zhong Hai Yu1, 2, a 1 Economic and Management Institute, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China 2 Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai, China aydzh66@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: Equipment manufacturing industry, Generic technology, Technology diffusion Abstract.
Technology products are influenced by not only technical economic level but also management system and many other factors, when spreading to the recipient.
Purchase Independent intellectual property rights, or purchase core agencies to get the proprietary intellectual property rights.
Innovations are often shared with other companies in the process, in fact, intellectual property rights are partly transferred.
Produce high-end digital design and manufacturing softwares with independent intellectual property.