Sort by:
Publication Type:
Open access:
Publication Date:
Periodicals:
Search results
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Ding Guo Zhao, Shu Huan Wang, Xiao Jie Cui, Jian Long Guo
Kinetic Research of Boron Oxide Reducing Reaction at Low Temperature
Dingguo Zhaoa, Shuhuan Wangb, Xiaojie Cuic, Jianlong Guod
(College of Metallurgy and Energy, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China)
agyyzhao@163.com, bcuixiaojie99@163.com, cwshh88@heuu.edu.cn, djianlong@163.com
Keywords: boron oxide; low temperature reduction; dynamics; reaction order
Abstract.
The experimental results shown that the reduction rate increased by increasing reducing time.
We can check out the relationship of each material in slag between intensity ratio and quality ratio by using the data of international standard X-ray diffraction intensity cards, such as Equ. (2) and Equ. (3)
The conversion persent of silicon can be obtained by taking the data into the formula.
The reaction order can be confirmed by the experimental data.
The experimental results shown that the reduction rate increased by increasing reducing time.
We can check out the relationship of each material in slag between intensity ratio and quality ratio by using the data of international standard X-ray diffraction intensity cards, such as Equ. (2) and Equ. (3)
The conversion persent of silicon can be obtained by taking the data into the formula.
The reaction order can be confirmed by the experimental data.
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Jitka Hroudová, Azra Korjenic, Rudolf Hela, Jiří Zach
Considering the growing trend in the field of reduction of building construction energy intensity and reduction of CO2 production a general assumption at development of new thermal insulating plasters is the reduction of thermal conductivity and also reduction of density in mature conditions which results in general saving of raw materials necessary for production of 1m3 of applied plaster.
In case of calculation with newly developed insulating and remedial plaster the measured data were saved in the material database to enable the calculation.
It is obvious from these data that the developed plaster improves behaviour of brickwork when applied from interior side in view of its thermal technical properties and enable vaporisation of possible condensation back to the interior of the construction.
In case of calculation with newly developed insulating and remedial plaster the measured data were saved in the material database to enable the calculation.
It is obvious from these data that the developed plaster improves behaviour of brickwork when applied from interior side in view of its thermal technical properties and enable vaporisation of possible condensation back to the interior of the construction.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Shu Ting Cui, Qi Ming Cui, Zu Yuan Guan, Wen Tao Sun
The application research of ESTA
Three connection mode about ODBC, DDE and data file have been explore in the study of ESTA for Windows and Web[3].
For example, call artificial neural network program when reasoning, achieve the database connection , correct the real error problem when interact with the DDE and EXCEL.The connection modes about ODBC, DDE and data file in ESTA for Windows are possible ,and the connection mode about data file in ESTA for Web is possible , other modes need to be discussed.
Introduction of corporate standards of State Grid (Q/GDW 169-2008) «Guide for Condition Evaluation of Oil-immersed Power Transformers(Reactors)» [7] (1) Terms and definitions ①State variables: It represents the various information of device status directly or indirectly, such as data, phenomena and so on. ②Device status: It is divided into normal, attention, abnormal and serious state
(2)Composition and weight of state variable ①Composition of state variable: Raw data, run data, test data and so on. ②State variable weight: According to the impact on equipment operation, it is divided into four level from lighter to heavier, its weight coefficient is 1,2,3,4. ③Degradation degree of state variable: According to degradation degree of state variable, it is divided into four level from lighter to heavier, the basic reduction points is 2,4,8,10. ④Reduction points of state variable: It is equal to the basic points of state variable multiplied by its weight coefficient, the point don’t reduce when normal state
Table 1 Evaluation standard of components evaluation standard components normal attention abnormal serious totol reduction points individual reduction points totol reduction points individual reduction points individual reduction points individual reduction points bulk ≤30 ≤10 >30 12-20 >20-24 >30 bushing ≤20 ≤10 >20 12-20 >20-24 >30 cooler ≤12 ≤10 >20 12-20 >20-24 >30 tap-changer ≤12 ≤10 >20 12-20 >20-24 >30 non-electrical protection ≤12 ≤10 >20 12-20 >20-24 >30 The maintenance strategy should be adjust dynamic according to the results of the transformer evaluation.
For example, call artificial neural network program when reasoning, achieve the database connection , correct the real error problem when interact with the DDE and EXCEL.The connection modes about ODBC, DDE and data file in ESTA for Windows are possible ,and the connection mode about data file in ESTA for Web is possible , other modes need to be discussed.
Introduction of corporate standards of State Grid (Q/GDW 169-2008) «Guide for Condition Evaluation of Oil-immersed Power Transformers(Reactors)» [7] (1) Terms and definitions ①State variables: It represents the various information of device status directly or indirectly, such as data, phenomena and so on. ②Device status: It is divided into normal, attention, abnormal and serious state
(2)Composition and weight of state variable ①Composition of state variable: Raw data, run data, test data and so on. ②State variable weight: According to the impact on equipment operation, it is divided into four level from lighter to heavier, its weight coefficient is 1,2,3,4. ③Degradation degree of state variable: According to degradation degree of state variable, it is divided into four level from lighter to heavier, the basic reduction points is 2,4,8,10. ④Reduction points of state variable: It is equal to the basic points of state variable multiplied by its weight coefficient, the point don’t reduce when normal state
Table 1 Evaluation standard of components evaluation standard components normal attention abnormal serious totol reduction points individual reduction points totol reduction points individual reduction points individual reduction points individual reduction points bulk ≤30 ≤10 >30 12-20 >20-24 >30 bushing ≤20 ≤10 >20 12-20 >20-24 >30 cooler ≤12 ≤10 >20 12-20 >20-24 >30 tap-changer ≤12 ≤10 >20 12-20 >20-24 >30 non-electrical protection ≤12 ≤10 >20 12-20 >20-24 >30 The maintenance strategy should be adjust dynamic according to the results of the transformer evaluation.
Online since: October 2015
Authors: Thais Gulo, Marco Quattrone, Sergio Cirelli Angulo
Data are taken from eight buildings sites, where construction waste generation was totally tracked and monitored during all stages of construction.
Methodology In this study, data, about construction waste amounts, have been collected from the database of a contractor working in the Sao Paulo area.
Data mining and analysis The following data of building sites were collected: · Gross floor area [m2], is the datum coming from the project formally approved by the Council
Results and discussions Table 4 summarizes the collected data.
For buildings with gross area from 20,000 to 80,000 m², there is a reduction of approximately 18% of construction waste.
Methodology In this study, data, about construction waste amounts, have been collected from the database of a contractor working in the Sao Paulo area.
Data mining and analysis The following data of building sites were collected: · Gross floor area [m2], is the datum coming from the project formally approved by the Council
Results and discussions Table 4 summarizes the collected data.
For buildings with gross area from 20,000 to 80,000 m², there is a reduction of approximately 18% of construction waste.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Siamak Niroomandi, Iciar Alfaro, Felipe Bordeu, Adrien Leygue, Francisco Chinesta, David Gonzalez, Elías Cueto
We analyse here how Dynamic Data Driven Application Systems (DDDAS) can constitute
a valuable tool in the field of forming processes.
We analyse here how model reduction techniques, and particularly Proper Generalized Decompositions (PGD) methods can provide a suitable response to the strong requirements posed by DDDAS.
National Science Foundation, "Dynamic Data-Driven Application Systems (DDDAS) entails the ability to dynamically incorporate data into an executing application, and in reverse, the ability of an application to dynamically steer the measurement process" [5].
Proper Generalized Decomposition is a model reduction methodology based on the use of separated representation of the different variables that define the problem.
A Short Review on Model Order Reduction based on Proper Generalized Decomposition.
We analyse here how model reduction techniques, and particularly Proper Generalized Decompositions (PGD) methods can provide a suitable response to the strong requirements posed by DDDAS.
National Science Foundation, "Dynamic Data-Driven Application Systems (DDDAS) entails the ability to dynamically incorporate data into an executing application, and in reverse, the ability of an application to dynamically steer the measurement process" [5].
Proper Generalized Decomposition is a model reduction methodology based on the use of separated representation of the different variables that define the problem.
A Short Review on Model Order Reduction based on Proper Generalized Decomposition.
Online since: September 2021
Authors: Roman Dychkovskyi, Edgar Caseres Cabana, Vasyl Lozynskyi, Leonid Hrytsenko, Pavlo Saik, Volodymyr Falshtynskyi
According to the calculation data, the carbon monoxide content in the gasification products increases along with the temperature growth: if 600°C, it is 6-7%; if 800°C, it is 24-26%; if 1000°C, it is 50%; while the carbon dioxide content decreases showing the results of 35-38%, 23-25%, and 10% respectively.
Analysis of the represented data has demonstrated that at the distance of 30 m all hydrogen has reacted, and СО2 concentration varies within the ranges of 10-14%.
Within the reduction zone, there is no blow oxygen but gasification products generated in the reduction zone that react with the coal surface.
At another channel side (its right part) the reduction zone is formed being 14-30 m long.
Analysis of the experimental data and considerations have made it possible to conclude that to increase the output of combustible components within the reduction zone, it is necessary to increase the temperature of coal walls in the channel.
Analysis of the represented data has demonstrated that at the distance of 30 m all hydrogen has reacted, and СО2 concentration varies within the ranges of 10-14%.
Within the reduction zone, there is no blow oxygen but gasification products generated in the reduction zone that react with the coal surface.
At another channel side (its right part) the reduction zone is formed being 14-30 m long.
Analysis of the experimental data and considerations have made it possible to conclude that to increase the output of combustible components within the reduction zone, it is necessary to increase the temperature of coal walls in the channel.
Online since: October 2007
Authors: X.G. Duan, Sheng Zhi Li, Jie Xu, J.G. Xue, J.M. Zheng, Feng Pan
The critical percentage of diameter reduction is obtained from the simulation.
A comparison between the FE simulation results and the experimental data shows that FEM simulation is able to correctly display the inner crack phenomena, so it is possible to determine the critical percentage of diameter reduction according to the FEM simulation results.
Inside crack at a node can be affirmed once the I-value on it has reached the threshold value, and the reduction ratio at this moment is just the critical value εc of diameter reduction.
It shows that the critical reduction increases rapidly with feed angle builds up.
The change of the critical diameter reduction with roll feed angle
A comparison between the FE simulation results and the experimental data shows that FEM simulation is able to correctly display the inner crack phenomena, so it is possible to determine the critical percentage of diameter reduction according to the FEM simulation results.
Inside crack at a node can be affirmed once the I-value on it has reached the threshold value, and the reduction ratio at this moment is just the critical value εc of diameter reduction.
It shows that the critical reduction increases rapidly with feed angle builds up.
The change of the critical diameter reduction with roll feed angle
Online since: May 2019
Authors: Jin Ping Ao, Heng Yu Xu, Cai Ping Wan
A correlation between the reduction of interface state density and the increasing of N concentration at the interface has been indicated by C-ψs measurement and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS).
For the reduction of the effects of those interface defects, various passivation techniques have been extensively investigated, such as annealing in nitrous(N2O), ammonia (NH3) or a nitric (NO) [5].
To unveil the mechanism for further reduction of Dit after NO POA, we consider it is crucial to employ NO POA conditions suitable for the elimination of carbon precipitation or active oxidation at the interface because they are the most possible origin of those defect.
To investigated the correlation between the reduction of interface state density and N concentration.
The data can be fitted by the first-order rate equation: N[t]=N* (1-e-t/τ) + c. [11] Fig. 6 The dependence of N Area Density on NO Annealing Time.
For the reduction of the effects of those interface defects, various passivation techniques have been extensively investigated, such as annealing in nitrous(N2O), ammonia (NH3) or a nitric (NO) [5].
To unveil the mechanism for further reduction of Dit after NO POA, we consider it is crucial to employ NO POA conditions suitable for the elimination of carbon precipitation or active oxidation at the interface because they are the most possible origin of those defect.
To investigated the correlation between the reduction of interface state density and N concentration.
The data can be fitted by the first-order rate equation: N[t]=N* (1-e-t/τ) + c. [11] Fig. 6 The dependence of N Area Density on NO Annealing Time.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Jin Xiao
And theory and practical experience about emergency handling of translational landslide disaster are researched and summarized in this paper through verifying the actual effect of such engineering measures with field monitoring data and numerical simulation analysis to offer a reference for the people to handle similar landslide disasters.
Till July 9, the landslide was fundamentally in a stable stage according to monitoring data, and thus the emergency headquarters pronounced that the emergency rescue and relief works terminated and the work was to be transferred to the comprehensive control stage.
Maximum displacement of the inner slope parts sharply dropped to about 5 mm from 7 cm, which is perfectly consistent with the monitoring data.
Load reduction at back edge.
Nonlinear Data Processing and Modeling Technology of Geological Disasters [J].
Till July 9, the landslide was fundamentally in a stable stage according to monitoring data, and thus the emergency headquarters pronounced that the emergency rescue and relief works terminated and the work was to be transferred to the comprehensive control stage.
Maximum displacement of the inner slope parts sharply dropped to about 5 mm from 7 cm, which is perfectly consistent with the monitoring data.
Load reduction at back edge.
Nonlinear Data Processing and Modeling Technology of Geological Disasters [J].
Online since: June 2008
Authors: Sergey V. Zherebtsov, Maria A. Murzinova, S. Lee Semiatin, Sergey Mironov, S. Salishchev
It is of note that EBSD data for VT22 alloy gives an exaggerated estimate of percentage of the
alpha phase in the structure if compare to evaluation based on SEM data.
In VT6 the most extensive lamellar rotation occurred during the initial stages of deformation (0 to 50% reduction, Fig. 3a).
a b c Fig. 4 EBSD inverse-pole figure maps of the alpha phase for VT6 compressed at 600°C to a 25, 50 and 70 pct. height reduction.
After a height reduction of 50 pct., the number of high-angle boundaries in VT6 increased noticeably (Fig. 4b).
After a 70-pct. reduction, the microstructure of the alloys is partially refined to a grain size of approximately 0.5 µm.
In VT6 the most extensive lamellar rotation occurred during the initial stages of deformation (0 to 50% reduction, Fig. 3a).
a b c Fig. 4 EBSD inverse-pole figure maps of the alpha phase for VT6 compressed at 600°C to a 25, 50 and 70 pct. height reduction.
After a height reduction of 50 pct., the number of high-angle boundaries in VT6 increased noticeably (Fig. 4b).
After a 70-pct. reduction, the microstructure of the alloys is partially refined to a grain size of approximately 0.5 µm.