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There are several methods for controllable modification of PET in order to improve its mechanical, thermal, optical and other properties, such as ion irradiation [1-4], plasma [5-8], γ-ray [9-11] et al.
Kondo et al [12] developed a high performance fiber-reinforced natural rubber (NR) using electron beam irradiation-induced graft Acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) to high-modulus poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers, without using resorcinol formaldehyde latex (RFL) adhesives of environmental load substances.
Ibrahim, Kariman M.El Salmawi, Sayeda M.
El-Naggar.

The El Nino/La Nina year is provided by NOAA, defined as the moving average temperature of Nino 3.4 SST anomaly index of 3 months higher 0.5℃ (less 0.5℃ ) persist for more than 5 months called an El Nino (La Nina) events.
Atmospheric teleconnections from the equatorial Pacific.Mon.Wea.Rev, 97:163-172 [3]Webster P J,A W Moore, J P Loschnigg ,et al.1999.Coupled ocean-atmospherre dynamics in Indian Ocean during 1997-1998.Nature, 401:356-360 [4]Harry H Hendon.2003.Indonesian rainfall variability: impacts of ENSO and local air-sea interaction.J.Climate, 16(11):1775-1790 [5]YUAN Yuan, LI Chong-Yin.2009.Possible impacts of tropical Indian Ocean SST anomaly models on the South China Sea summer monsoon onset.Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences(in Chinese), 33（2）：325-336 [6]Ashok K,Guan Zhaoyong, T Yamagata. 2003.A look at the relationship between the ENSO and the Indian Ocean dipole.
Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese), 49(3):672-679 [14]PAN Jie, Bueh Cholaw, JI Li-Ren, et al.2008.Characteristics of Rossby Wave Progragation Associated with the summertime persistent anomaly events of mid- and high- latitude Eurasia.

Powders used for making PM electrodes are Ti, Cr, Al, TiC/Ni, Cu/W, WC/Co, Ni/Mn, Cr/Ni, Ni/Si, Cu/Mn, Cu/Co, TiC/WC/Co, etc. [4].
Jorge Sima˜o, el. at. [5] Observed an increase in the white layer micro hardness up to up to 950 HK when employing sintered TiC/WC/Co tool electrodes for machining AISI D2 steel.
Jabbaripouret et. al. [6] also found similar results during EDM with different powders.
[5] Jorge Sima˜o, David Aspinwall, Fawzy El-Menshawy and Ken Meadowsc: Surface alloying using PM composite electrode materials when electrical discharge texturing hardened AISI D2, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 127 (2002) p. 211–216

In order to segment images with intensity inhomogeneity, Vese and Chan [6] and Tsai et al.[7] proposed two similar models, which are called piecewise smooth (PS) model.
Li et al. [8, 9] proposed an efficient region-based level set method by introducing a local binary fitting (LBF) energy with a kernel function.
The energy functional in our proposed RBLS model can be described as (1): E= a·EL+ b·EA+ n·EC+ m·EP (1) Where a, b, n and m are the weights, EL is the local term for modeling the local image information, EA is the area term for modeling the global image information, EC is the length term for controlling the length of the boundaries and preventing over-segmentation, EP is the penalty term for regularizing the evolution of the level set function.

The study done by Zulkania et al. [3] showed that activated carbon in best catalytic was activated using 4N HCl for 6 hours.
Shihong Zhang et al [5] showed that five grams of natural zeolite can be impregnated with 100 mL Fe (1.08 gram Fe2(NO3)3.9H2O) stirred at 70 °C, and dried overnight at 105 °C.
El Achaby, E.
El harfi, Valorization of algal waste via pyrolysis in a fixed-bed reactor: Production and characterization of bio-oil and bio-char, Bioresour.

EL-Wardany et al. studied on monitoring tool wear and failure in drilling using vibration signature analysis techniques [2].
Ghosh et al. fused several signals (i.e., cutting forces, spindle vibration, spindle current, and sound pressure) via a neural network to estimate the average flank wear of the main cutting edge in a milling operation [6].
El-Wardanya, D.

The welding temperature inside HDPE pieces was monitored by Kaou et al [2] at several positions on the weld line.
The rotation speed and welding speed of 1100 rpm and 30 mm/min respectively in the research conducted by Bouha et al [4], are responsible for the heat generation and formation of soft materials inside the weld nugget.
Meddah, El .Ould Chikh, Thermal Effect of Bobbin Tool Friction Stir Welding on the Mechanical Behavior of High Density Polyethylene Sheets, Defect and Diffusion Forum, 426 (2023) 93-114
Khellafi, El.
[8] Gao J et al, Submerged friction stir weld of polyethylene sheets.

El Haj Assad, E.T.
El-Naas, A.W.
Abd El-Salam, N.
El-Ela, A.A.
El-Houssiny, E.

Workability criterion of P/M compacts have been discussed by Abdel-Rahman and El-Sheikh [16], investigating the effect of relative density on the criteria forming limit of P/M compacts during upsetting also.
Narayanasamy et al. [18] have done more experimental work on workability behavior of Aluminum–Iron composites namely, Al–Al2O3 [19], Al–Fe [20,21], Fe [22], Fe–TiC [23,24] and Fe–C [24] composite during cold upsetting.
An investigation of creep behavior in a SiC–2124 Al composite.
[10] Geiger AL, Hasselman DPH, Weich P.
[16] Abdel-Rahman M, El-Sheikh MN.

By achieving the objective of strong and low-density material, Al- B4C composites combine high stiffness and hardness of B4C with ductility of Al.
Elayaperumal, Influence of B4C on the tribological and mechanical properties of Al 7075– B4C composites, Composites: Part B. 54 (2013) 146-152
[3] R Muraliraja, R Arunachalam, Ibrahim Al-Fori, Majid Al-Maharbi, Sujan Piya, Development of alumina reinforced aluminum metal matrix composite with enhanced compressive strength through squeeze casting process, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications. 233 (2019) 307-314
El-Labban, M.
Mahmoud, Preparation and characterization of squeeze cast-Al–Si piston alloy reinforced by Ni and nano-Al2O3 particles, J.