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One of the examples of property manipulation at a larger scale, incorporating lattice or porous structure sections together with solid material in different parts of the manufactured components was suggested quite some time ago as a weight reduction measure.
Wide applications of lattices (based on the geometry with regular unit cell geometries) and structures with irregular pores are already reaching far beyond the component weight reduction.
Our experimental data show that apparent density of the powders semi-sintered in EBM is only 5-10% larger than that of the loose ones.

Min. 5% water reduction is required in the test mix at equal consistence, the 7-day and 28-day compressive strengths have to achieve min. 110%, and air entrainment can be max. 2 vol% larger compared to the control mix.
Minimal water reduction of 5% according to the corresponding standard was reached only by adding plasticizers of type A and C at dosage rate of 0.5% (see Table 1.).
Nevertheless the experimental results show that no significant difference in the effect of plasticizers regarding keeping the mix a workable consistence was found (see data of Table 2.).

Comparison of the data for as-cut samples and for solar cells indicates, that the concentration of some detected impurities experienced a reduction (Fe, Zn) or even a drop below the detection limit (Ba, Co, Sc or La) after the final solar cell process step which could be explained by a gettering efficiency.
The increase of carrier lifetime in ingot I after P-diffusion without any reduction of [Fei] (compare with Fig. 3) suggests that iron is not the sole contaminant governing the carrier lifetime.

The hot band was cold rolled with 75 % reduction to a final thickness of 1.25 mm using a 2-high cold reduction mill.
To illustrate the presence of various textures, so-called skeleton plots were constructed from the ODF data.

Accompanying the reduction in filler size (micro- to nano-scale), is a significant increase in the interfacial area between the fillers and the matrix; this leads to a significant improvement in mechanical properties even for relatively small amounts of nano-reinforcement [1].
The relative displacement between the specimen fixtures (∆L), calculated using Eq. 1, and from optical measurements, were compared (Fig. 6b); there was good agreement between the two sources of data.
The particles themselves also generate stress concentrations around them, facilitating the nucleation of micro-cracks; this contributes to the reduction in ductility under quasi-static loading.

Polishing the surface of acrylic block can reduce the possibility of x-ray radiation being refracted by the rough acrylic surface which leads to the reduction in image quality.
The CR images and examination data are displayed by using CR Console model (CR-IR348CL) label FUJIFILM Corporation and it uses CR Console Application Software V7.0 [8].
The SID of 1800 mm shows overall reduction of image displacement when the positions of double hole acrylic block are shifted from 0 mm, 25 mm, 50 mm, 75 mm, 100 mm, 125 mm, 150 mm, 175 mm and 200 mm.

The Si data are measured bulk values of the Si(111) substrate.
It was shown that post-deposition annealing is able to improve the layer perfection, but it is not expected that this is really the way for a subsequent significant defect reduction.
We rather work on the reduction of the defect density by a further optimization of the deposition conditions.

The strains of both the original concrete column and the enlarged SCC portionof the column were reduced using the IMP data reduction system.The loading procedure is shown in Figure 4.
At the same time , its bearing capacity has not significant reduction .Ductility is a measure of the ability of engineering structure seismic performance.

Introduction The rapid reduction in the storage capacity of reservoirs due to siltation is a major sediment-related problem world-wide.
Reservoir siltation processes during 19 years of its operation resulted in the reduction of the reservoir‘s useful capacity about 33 %.
Chemical composition data of collected sediments were determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method using SPECTRO iQ II (Ametek, Germany).

However, the ductility of these fine-grained materials often shows a reduction.
Fig. 1 Stress-strain curves for 100% NC/UFG and 100% CG [8] ε (total strain per step) can be decomposed into elastic and plastic parts[10]: ε=εel+εpl (1) εel=σ/E (2) εel is calculated from Hook’s Eq(1), and εpl is determined directly from data extracted from the stress-strain curve.
Furthermore, formation of microcracks causes the reduction of the stress concentration around the main crack and may prevent the main crack from further growth.