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A comprehensive microstructural characterization for all the resultant structures was carried out.
Fig.3 Optical/SEM micrographs of the surfaces revealing carbide structures for As PTA (a) M2 HSS, (b) M2 + 10-wt% Mo HSS.
The addition of 10-wt% Mo during PTA deposition dilutes the C contents (along with all other elements) and carbon dilutiontilts the alloy chemistry heavily towards ferrite stability.
Leong, Crystal structure analysis of M2 high speed steel parts produced by selective laser melting, Mater.
Goldstein, Characterization of the Solidification Structures Within the Dendritic Core of M2 High Speed Steel, Metall.

The different adsorption mechanisms could be attributed to the differences in the organic structure, surface electrical properties, and surface functional groups of biochar [19].
biochar [43] Sulfuric acid modification of rice straw-derived biochar [56] Alkaline modification Potassium hydroxide modification of municipal solid wastes derived-biochar [68] Sodium hydroxide modification of coconut-derived biochar [42] Sodium hydroxide modification of bamboo-derived biochar. [61] Oxidizing-agents modification Hydrogen peroxide modification in peanut hull-derived biochar [72] Potassium permanganate modification of hickory wood-derived biochar [64] Metal oxides modification Nano-scale zerovalent iron modified rice hull-derived biochar [65] Macroalgae-derived biochar modified with nano-composite Fe3O4 [66] Rice husk-derived biochar by Fe (III) [67] Carbonaceous materials modification Municipal solid waste-derived biochar modification by methanol. [68] Modification of cotton stalk-derived biochar by the mixture of carbon dioxide and ammonia gas. [69] Modification of biochar using polydopamine (PDA) and nano-scale ZVI. [70] EXAFS characterizes the poly-aromatic structure
Harris, “Surface chemistry variations among a series of laboratory-produced biochars,” Geoderma, vol. 163, no. 3–4, pp. 247–255, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.04.021
Cha et al., “Production and utilization of biochar: A review,” Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 40. pp. 1–15, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.jiec.2016.06.002
El-reefy, “Pore Structure Characterization of Chemically Modified Biochar Derived From Rice Straw,” Environ.

Siddik Ibrahim1,d 1Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia awegats@ugm.ac.id, bhabibfikri00@mail.ugm.ac.id, cfajar@ugm.ac.id, dmuhsiddik2020@mail.ugm.ac.id Keywords: dibenzothiophene; nickel oxide; oxidative desulfurization; Parangtritis beach sand.
The slightly amorphous structure of the catalyst is shown at a diffraction angle of 2θ 3-20 degrees.
The increased crystallinity of the NiO-Ps catalyst is since the NiO formed has a crystalline structure and it is possible that NiO can play a role in preventing dealumination by interacting strongly with the alumina framework at the BrØnsted acid site and slowing the rate of crystal growth on Ps so that there is no damage to the Ps framework structure [12].

Introduction In many wrought aluminium products it is desirable to maintain an unrecrystallized grain structure after thermomechanical processing to optimize properties [1].
To fully understand the interactions between alloy chemistry, heat treatment, and recrystallization resistance requires a large experimental programme.
The initial composition variation in the as-cast structure is calculated using a 1-dimensional Scheil model [7].
Strain rate is critical in determining the as-deformed structure and hence the driving force for recrystallization.
The structure consists of unrecrystallized grains containing subgrains of variable, but generally large, size (as confirmed by EBSD analysis [12]).

The crystal structure of clinker mineral offers physical possibility for the solidification of HM atoms.
Based on the cement clinker sintering chemistry, if HM atoms can be chemically incorporated in the crystal structure of the cement clinker minerals, such as C3S, C2S, C3A, C4AF, the HM atoms will be sealed by both clinker minerals and cement hydration products.
The key points are the solidification of the HM atoms in the crystal structure of clinker minerals and in the cement kiln system.
Based on the research, The crystal structure of clinker minerals offers physical possibility for the solidification of HM atoms.
Such diffusion metals were finally blocked by the dense structure of the concrete.

It create opportunities for studying and using more complex structures and control governing node of systems for technological processes.
Note that methods and techniques for measuring the characteristics of such dynamic systems have similar features for quite distinct technical fields, such as technology, materials science, chemistry, physics, etc. [16-19].
At all levels of the structure of substance, the important principle of developing new materials is clearly manifested in the inheritance of the characteristics.
Zivotov, Structure changes in crystals with various nonstoichiometries under long aging and exciting influence, Surface Investig..
Shekhtman, Superconductivity and structure of compounds based on niobium and vanadium [Nb-Ge-Al, V-Ge-Al], J.

The high strength of the formed parts is realized by the phase transformation of an austenitic to a martensitic structure during hot stamping.
The ultimate tensile strength of approximately 1500 MPa is achieved by the phase transformation of an austenite in a martensitic structure of the boron-manganese steel 22MnB5 [3].
Jacobson, Investigation of material transfer in sliding friction-topography or surface chemistry?

XRD analysis revealed a pure cubic spinel structure without any impurities.
The electrochemical data demonstrate Li ion deintercalation from the spinel structure in a two-staged process [11].
These features constitutes the stability of the spinel structure, which enhances the electrochemical properties
Scott, Rational Design of Supported PdAu Nanoparticle Catalysts from Structured Nanoparticle Precursors, J.
Wu, Local electronic structure of LiMn2O4 probed by solid state 7Li-NMR, J.

Graded nitrogen ingress in FCC metallic structures and the related microstructures and high temperature oxidation behaviour F.
The gradual ingress of this element into the structures will be shown to depend markedly on the chemical composition of the substrate.
Experimental procedure The three materials of study have fcc structures and the amount and nature of the alloying elements increased from pure Ni (Goodfellow) to Ni20Cr (Goodfellow) then to commercial Fe20Cr10Ni (AISI 304L stainless steel, Acerinox, S.A.).
The HSC Chemistry software was employed to assess the thermodynamically stable compounds expected to form upon nitridation.

The EDS measurement indicates that the Co1-xZnxFe2O4 powder samples have been successfully synthesized and exhibited the cubic spinel structures.
To obtain optimized atomic structures, the atomic positions and lattice parameters were fully relaxed.
As an example, the utilized model structure for the case of Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 is shown in Fig. 6(b).
(Color online) Optimized atomic structure of the fully inverse spinel (a) CoFe2O4 and (b) Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4.
Sangaa, Structure, magnetism and heating properties in AC magnetic field of Mg1-xCaxFe2O4 ferrites, Materials Reports 33(z1) (2019) 122-125