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Computational fluid dynamics simulation was performed, which indicates that the morphological evolution of the ZnO structures results from the competition between the axial growth and the radial growth based on different O2 and Zn vapor partial pressure.
Meanwhile, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was carried to explain the results.
In order to explain the morphological evolution, the simulation was performed using FLUENT 6.3.26 software.
The CFD simulation results indicate the morphological evolution of the ZnO structures are based on the different O2 and Zn partial pressure at different position with the same O2 flow rate.

Numerical simulation has been conducted to provide guidance of designing the gas supply tube and the nozzles.
From the results of the simulation, the supply gas velocity distribution is very sensitive to the parameters.
In this study, supply gas velocity distribution is discussed for a proposed in-line continuous furnace, through CFD numerical analysis. 2.
Fig 4 The physical model and the mesh in the CFD software 3.
From the results of the simulation, the supply gas velocity distribution is very sensitive to the nozzle diameters.

., computational fluid dynamics (CFD), has been receiving much more attention recently with the rapid development of computer technologies.
The CFD model, which is based on the Euler-Euler approach, was employed to simulate the multiphase (gas-steel-slag) flow in non-isothermal system.
The authors [7] of the present paper simulated the process of dehydrogenation in vacuum tank degasser by applying an integrated CFD model.
The calculations are accomplished by ANSYS FLUENT 14.0 augmented with user defined functions (UDF) [9] and the simulations are validated with measurements from the plant.
In this study, 250 kg lime is added in ladle furnace before VD and 2 wt% [11] hydrogen of the total hydrogen in Ca(OH)2 is assumed as the hydrogen source in the simulation.

Results of simulation and flight test show that our design on aerial robot is effective.
In this paper, we introduce CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) method to analyze the aerodynamic performance of the aerial robot.
In the process of simulation, the Gauss normal distribution noise model is used.
Results of Simulation and flight test show that our design on aerial robot is effective.
Tramel2, and Jennie Barber3, Modeling Propeller Flow-Fields Using CFD, Digital Fusion Solutions, Inc., Huntsville, AL 35805, AIAA 2008-402 [6] Greg Welch and Gray Bishop.

This work deals with the numerical simulation of unsteady compressible turbulent flow past a circular cylinder.
X-LES model The X-LES X-LES - eXtra-Large Eddy Simulation.
The X-LES model is clearly the most suitable option from presented models for the simulation of unsteady turbulent flows.
Wilcox: Turbulence Modeling for CFD, DCW Industries, Inc.
Wallin: Engineering turbulence modeling for CFD with focus on explicit algebraic Reynoldes stress models, dissertation thesis, Royal Institute of Technology, 2000

Numerical Simulation of Wind flow Structures and Pollutant Dispersion within Street Canyon under Thermally Unstable Atmospheric Conditions Afiq Witri Muhammad Yazid1,a,Nor Azwadi Che Sidik1,b * and Salim Mohamed Salim2,c 1Department of Thermo-Fluids, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia 2School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia, 62100 Putrajaya, Malaysia aafiqwitri@gmail.com, bazwadi@fkm.utm.my, cm.salim@hw.ac.uk Keywords: Street canyon, thermal flow, wind flow structures, pollutant dispersion, turbulence models Abstract.
The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method using two-equation turbulence models were widely adopted in wind engineering researches due to its fast convergence and the ability to provide reasonable accuracy [4,5].
The CFD results discussed in this paper showed that heating of building walls and ground surfaces leads to a strong buoyant force close to those solid boundaries receiving direct solar radiation.
Best practice guideline for the cfd simulation of flows in the urban environment. (2007)

Through the CFD analysis, the temperature characteristics of the different element can be obtained, which can more accurately determine the fluid properties, and accurately analyze the muffler acoustic performance.
A commercial CFD package, Fluent 6.3 was used.
Fig.1 shows the results of the CFD analysis of expanded-muffler.
Base on the result of CFD, the temperature of nodes in FEM model was exported, and then the average temperature of the nodes which consists of an element was subjected to the element.
Based on temperature gradient model, the boundary conditions of flow velocity which is obtained in fluid simulation are imposed on temperature gradient model in SYSNOISE [6].

A New Skeletal Chemical Kinetic Mechanism of Ethanol Combustion for HCCI Engine Simulation Dai Qian, Guan Hua-ye School of Energy and Safety Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Urban Construction, Tianjin, China daiqian1238@163.com, ghyxyz@sina.com Keywords: Ethanol, Skeletal model, Numerical simulation, HCCI Abstract.
The versatility of the detailed mechanism is better, but it include so many reactions, so it is too large to be adopted by a 3-D CFD simulation model.
The simulation environment was set as 0-D, homogenous, constant volume and adiabatic.
In order to check the skeletal model in the HCCI engine condition, so single-zone HCCI engine model was used in the simulation.
The simulation results show that simplified model and detailed model have good consistency.

Then the large eddy simulation of gas-second order moment of solid model (LES-SOM model) is established for the simulation of dense gas-solid flows.
(4) (5) (6) Computed results and anlysis The simulations are carried out with the CFD code M-FIX which previously is used to model the flow in fluidized beds.
There is a reasonable agreement between the experiment and the simulation results. .
The numerical simulations predicted the core-annular flow structure in the riser.
Large eddy simulation of a pulverized coal jet flame ignited by a preheated gas flow[J].

In the present research, an axial pump as turbine were tested by Nourbakhsh et al. [13] is simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and characteristic curves of turbine modes are obtained.
A section of 3D structured grid For CFD grid generation, the Autogrid module of NUMECA is coupled with the Autoblade.
These are strongly recommended for turbomachinery simulation when low-Reynolds number turbulence models are needed [16].
So, mechanical losses are reduced from output power achieved by CFD to have the same conditions of comparison.
Lai, Hydraulic analysis of a pump as a turbine with CFD and experimental data, ImechE, Seminar Proc. of Advances of CFD in Fluid Machinery Design, 2003, London, England