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Online since: June 2008
Authors: Sushanta Kumar Panigrahi, R. Jayaganthan
The Al 7075 alloy plates were
solutionized and cryorolled with thickness reduction of 35% and 90%.
The cryorolled Al alloys upon 90% thickness reduction exhibit ultrafine grained microstructure.
The annealed Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy plates were subjected to cryorolling to achieve 35% and 90% thickness reduction.
The reaction peaks observed in the present investigation are similar to the published data in the literature for the similar alloys [12-13].
Fig. 2(b) shows the DSC plots of the starting ST material and CR materials at a thickness reduction of 35% and 90% reduction, at a heating rate of 40 o C.
The cryorolled Al alloys upon 90% thickness reduction exhibit ultrafine grained microstructure.
The annealed Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy plates were subjected to cryorolling to achieve 35% and 90% thickness reduction.
The reaction peaks observed in the present investigation are similar to the published data in the literature for the similar alloys [12-13].
Fig. 2(b) shows the DSC plots of the starting ST material and CR materials at a thickness reduction of 35% and 90% reduction, at a heating rate of 40 o C.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Bing Yang, Wen Liu, Yan Liu, Xiao Pai Zhang
The noise of the reducer under different work conditions is measured with the SQLabⅡ data acquisition recorder and the collected data are analyzed through Artemis software.
The noise of the reducer is measured with the SQLabⅡ data acquisition front ends and the data are analyzed by the use of Artemis software.
The noise signals of the two microphones are collected synchronously through the data acquisition recorder.
And the most effective method of noise control is the reduction of the noise at its source.
The noise of the reducer under different work conditions is measured with the SQLabⅡ data acquisition recorder and the collected data are analyzed through Artemis software.
The noise of the reducer is measured with the SQLabⅡ data acquisition front ends and the data are analyzed by the use of Artemis software.
The noise signals of the two microphones are collected synchronously through the data acquisition recorder.
And the most effective method of noise control is the reduction of the noise at its source.
The noise of the reducer under different work conditions is measured with the SQLabⅡ data acquisition recorder and the collected data are analyzed through Artemis software.
Online since: October 2010
Authors: Lucianna Gama, Ana Cristina Figueiredo de Melo Costa, Jean Pierre La Martini Lima Sousa, Elvia Leal, Fábio Argolo, Laédna Souto Neiva, Heloysa Martins Carvalho Andrade
The TPR profiles showed reduction peaks of NiO species in weak interaction with the support, and reduction of nickel present in the NiAl2O4.
Then, the data were collected at fixed intervals of time (15min).
Fig. 3 shows the average crystallite size and crystallinity values taken from the XRD data for the NiAl2O4 samples.
It was observed for all samples a low temperature reduction peak at around 400°C that can be assigned to the reduction of NiO species interacting weakly with the support.
On the other hand, reduction band at 870°C is attributed to the reduction of nickel aluminate phase [14, 15].
Then, the data were collected at fixed intervals of time (15min).
Fig. 3 shows the average crystallite size and crystallinity values taken from the XRD data for the NiAl2O4 samples.
It was observed for all samples a low temperature reduction peak at around 400°C that can be assigned to the reduction of NiO species interacting weakly with the support.
On the other hand, reduction band at 870°C is attributed to the reduction of nickel aluminate phase [14, 15].
Online since: October 2019
Authors: Makhmud Kharun, Ashot Tamrazyan
It is shown that the relative deformations at the apex of the compression diagram depend mainly on the relative level of lateral reduction and concrete strength.
Introduction If for conventional centrally and eccentrically compressed elements, as well as with indirect reinforcement, there is a large number of experimental and theoretical studies, then for bent elements the amount of research is relatively little, the published data are fragmentary and do not allow to fully describe the mechanism of operation and destruction [1-3].
The experimental data of more than 300 centrally compressed samples, reinforced with indirect reinforcement meshes, were processed.
The dependence (5) for relative deformations is assumed by analogy with the work [10] (with recalculation to the Russian norms), in which a large number of experimental data was analyzed for concrete samples with a strength of 20-110 MPa
According to the results of processing the experimental data for more than 300 samples of centrally compressed reinforced concrete prisms, the best convergence of the stress at the end of the ascending branch, calculated from the proposed expressions (4) compared with SP 63.13330.2012 in most of the considered ranges, was confirmed.
Introduction If for conventional centrally and eccentrically compressed elements, as well as with indirect reinforcement, there is a large number of experimental and theoretical studies, then for bent elements the amount of research is relatively little, the published data are fragmentary and do not allow to fully describe the mechanism of operation and destruction [1-3].
The experimental data of more than 300 centrally compressed samples, reinforced with indirect reinforcement meshes, were processed.
The dependence (5) for relative deformations is assumed by analogy with the work [10] (with recalculation to the Russian norms), in which a large number of experimental data was analyzed for concrete samples with a strength of 20-110 MPa
According to the results of processing the experimental data for more than 300 samples of centrally compressed reinforced concrete prisms, the best convergence of the stress at the end of the ascending branch, calculated from the proposed expressions (4) compared with SP 63.13330.2012 in most of the considered ranges, was confirmed.
Online since: August 2016
Authors: Francisco Alves da Silva Jr., Francisco Rosendo Sobrinho, Rodrigo Nogueira de Codes
It was observed from the stress and strain values obtained in these tests that there is a reduction in tensile strength.
This increases its resistance because the reduction of surplus water improves the workability of the concrete; it also decreases the amount of void left by this water evaporation [1].
The image data were processed with Correli program implemented in MATLAB software.
Note that the x-axis data are obtained by DIC as mentioned earlier.
In Fig. 3, there is a reduction in the steepness of the curves that increases with the replacement WTR.
This increases its resistance because the reduction of surplus water improves the workability of the concrete; it also decreases the amount of void left by this water evaporation [1].
The image data were processed with Correli program implemented in MATLAB software.
Note that the x-axis data are obtained by DIC as mentioned earlier.
In Fig. 3, there is a reduction in the steepness of the curves that increases with the replacement WTR.
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Gai Pin Cai, Xiao Lei Zhou, Yang Xiong
The corresponding relationship between displacement and time is calculated for each tool, then the data of it was imported into MSC.Marc as boundary conditions of each tool.
1.2 Process parameters
The process parameters is designed as shown in table 1, the feeding rate ΔZ is considered as the only variable.
a The center section drawing of the Pyramid b The local enlarged drawing Fig.7 The dimension accuracy comparison of different feed rates Analysis of Thickness Reduction Ratio In order to study the effects of different feed rates ΔZ (0.5mm, 1mm,1.5mm,2mm,3mm) on the forming area thickness reduction ratio of the parts, node B(node1149) of the diagonal of the parts is selected as shown in fig.8.
Fig.8 Node selection of thickness reduction ratio Fig.9 The thickness reduction ratio comparison of different feed rates Fig.9 shows that the thickness reduction on the diagonal is more serious than it on the center-line, therefore, we should pay more attention on the parts’ diagonal when we adopt MPCIF.
Figure 9 shows that the bigger the feed rate, the bigger the thickness reduction ratio and the sheet metal is more easy to crack caused by the instability of defects; the change between steps of the thickness reduction ratio curves in ascending order isΔZ0.5, ΔZ1, ΔZ1.5, ΔZ2, ΔZ3, the forming area can get uniform thickness under small feed rate .
Under the same process condition of MPCIF, the bigger the feed rate, the bigger the equivalent plastic strain and the thickness reduction ratio, the springback and bulge can be more serious, the parts can be more easy to crack. 2.
a The center section drawing of the Pyramid b The local enlarged drawing Fig.7 The dimension accuracy comparison of different feed rates Analysis of Thickness Reduction Ratio In order to study the effects of different feed rates ΔZ (0.5mm, 1mm,1.5mm,2mm,3mm) on the forming area thickness reduction ratio of the parts, node B(node1149) of the diagonal of the parts is selected as shown in fig.8.
Fig.8 Node selection of thickness reduction ratio Fig.9 The thickness reduction ratio comparison of different feed rates Fig.9 shows that the thickness reduction on the diagonal is more serious than it on the center-line, therefore, we should pay more attention on the parts’ diagonal when we adopt MPCIF.
Figure 9 shows that the bigger the feed rate, the bigger the thickness reduction ratio and the sheet metal is more easy to crack caused by the instability of defects; the change between steps of the thickness reduction ratio curves in ascending order isΔZ0.5, ΔZ1, ΔZ1.5, ΔZ2, ΔZ3, the forming area can get uniform thickness under small feed rate .
Under the same process condition of MPCIF, the bigger the feed rate, the bigger the equivalent plastic strain and the thickness reduction ratio, the springback and bulge can be more serious, the parts can be more easy to crack. 2.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Onvalee Amornleetrakul, Withaya Puangsombut, Jongjit Hirunlabh
The result showed high induced natural ventilation and providing heat gain reduction.
This paper proposes the new roof tile Ventilated (RTV) for heat gain reduction and providing thermal comfort.
The thermocouples were connected to a data logger (Hioki, Model: 8422-52, accuracy ±0.8%).
Experimentation started at 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., record data every 30 min intervals.
Heat Flux and Solar Radiation Figure 13 depicted the heat flux and percentage heat flux reduction.
This paper proposes the new roof tile Ventilated (RTV) for heat gain reduction and providing thermal comfort.
The thermocouples were connected to a data logger (Hioki, Model: 8422-52, accuracy ±0.8%).
Experimentation started at 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., record data every 30 min intervals.
Heat Flux and Solar Radiation Figure 13 depicted the heat flux and percentage heat flux reduction.
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Zi Yu Chen, Xin Wei Zhang
In many applications, there is a high requirement about the quality of demodulated signal, and distortion reduction has been the research focus in this field.
After DSBAM the data is stored in double buffers.
Finally, at a frequency of 250 kHz, DMA read data from the double buffers and put it to 12-bit D/A conversion.
Another work mode is to directly download the signal to flash of STM32F303VC, the external signal source can be removed and read data directly from the internal flash.
Yang: Distortion analysis and reduction for the parametric array, Audio Engineering Society Convention 124.
After DSBAM the data is stored in double buffers.
Finally, at a frequency of 250 kHz, DMA read data from the double buffers and put it to 12-bit D/A conversion.
Another work mode is to directly download the signal to flash of STM32F303VC, the external signal source can be removed and read data directly from the internal flash.
Yang: Distortion analysis and reduction for the parametric array, Audio Engineering Society Convention 124.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Bao Guo Shan, Cheng Long Zhang, Yong Pei Wang
Nine kinds of policies to achieve green development are simulated by SICGE-CEMS model (a kind of energy economy environment hybrid model) respectively to evaluate their economic and environmental effects, which indicates that coal resources tax is the best policy to promote carbon emission reduction , oil & gas resource tax is the best policy for sulfide, nitrogen oxides emission reduction.
According to Chinese governmental plans, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide emissions in 2015 are required to fall 8%, 10% than 2010; carbon emission intensity in 2020 will decrease by 40-45% than 2005.Considering the increasing difficulty of the subsequent reduction, this paper assumes sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides reduction rates will reach 13.5%, 17.2% in 2020, and 18.6%, 25.3% in 2030, carbon emission intensity decrease rates in 2020, 2030 will reach 42.3%, 60.4% relative to 2005.
According to the prediction data from the United Nations, the population will reach 1419, 1467 million in 2020, 2030, respectively.
The same with the reference scenario Carbon emission reduction According to the simulation results of CEMS model , the carbon emission intensity will decrease 36.3%, 52.5% in 2020 2030, compared with that in 2005 According to the national planning, the carbon emission intensity will decrease 45%, 65% in 2020, 2030, compared with that in 2005 Pollutant emission reduction According to the simulation results of CEMS model, SO2, Nitrogen oxides emission in 2020 will be 10%, 13.7% lower than 2010; 13.1%, 19.8% in 2030.
Table 2 The effects of policies (percentage change relative to reference scenario) Policies GDP SO2 Nitrogen oxides CO2 1 Coal resource tax (10%) -0.335 -3.562 -0.903 -6.018 2 Oil and gas resource tax (10%) -0.133 -3.648 -5.729 -1.726 3 Technology progress (1 percentage points rise in energy efficiency) 0.077 -1.171 -0.781 -1.530 4 New energy industry subsidy(0.1RMB per kWh electricity) 0.009 -0.491 -0.448 -0.530 5 Tax reduction on resource recycling industry (10 percent points of tax reduction) 0.026 -0.527 -0.229 -0.802 6 Coal consumption tax (50 RMB per ton coal equivalent) -0.187 -1.818 -0.475 -3.057 7 Oil and gas consumption tax (50 RMB per ton coal equivalent) -0.070 -0.131 -0.160 -0.104 8 Carbon tax (50 RMB per ton CO2 emissions) -0.557 -3.930 -1.661 -6.024 9 Tax reduction on environmental regulation industry(10 percent points of tax reduction) 0.005 -0.098 -0.068 -0.125 Fig. 2 The cost of CO2 mitigation Fig. 3 The cost of Nitrogen
According to Chinese governmental plans, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide emissions in 2015 are required to fall 8%, 10% than 2010; carbon emission intensity in 2020 will decrease by 40-45% than 2005.Considering the increasing difficulty of the subsequent reduction, this paper assumes sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides reduction rates will reach 13.5%, 17.2% in 2020, and 18.6%, 25.3% in 2030, carbon emission intensity decrease rates in 2020, 2030 will reach 42.3%, 60.4% relative to 2005.
According to the prediction data from the United Nations, the population will reach 1419, 1467 million in 2020, 2030, respectively.
The same with the reference scenario Carbon emission reduction According to the simulation results of CEMS model , the carbon emission intensity will decrease 36.3%, 52.5% in 2020 2030, compared with that in 2005 According to the national planning, the carbon emission intensity will decrease 45%, 65% in 2020, 2030, compared with that in 2005 Pollutant emission reduction According to the simulation results of CEMS model, SO2, Nitrogen oxides emission in 2020 will be 10%, 13.7% lower than 2010; 13.1%, 19.8% in 2030.
Table 2 The effects of policies (percentage change relative to reference scenario) Policies GDP SO2 Nitrogen oxides CO2 1 Coal resource tax (10%) -0.335 -3.562 -0.903 -6.018 2 Oil and gas resource tax (10%) -0.133 -3.648 -5.729 -1.726 3 Technology progress (1 percentage points rise in energy efficiency) 0.077 -1.171 -0.781 -1.530 4 New energy industry subsidy(0.1RMB per kWh electricity) 0.009 -0.491 -0.448 -0.530 5 Tax reduction on resource recycling industry (10 percent points of tax reduction) 0.026 -0.527 -0.229 -0.802 6 Coal consumption tax (50 RMB per ton coal equivalent) -0.187 -1.818 -0.475 -3.057 7 Oil and gas consumption tax (50 RMB per ton coal equivalent) -0.070 -0.131 -0.160 -0.104 8 Carbon tax (50 RMB per ton CO2 emissions) -0.557 -3.930 -1.661 -6.024 9 Tax reduction on environmental regulation industry(10 percent points of tax reduction) 0.005 -0.098 -0.068 -0.125 Fig. 2 The cost of CO2 mitigation Fig. 3 The cost of Nitrogen
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Ling Yu, Cong Cheng, Liu Jie Chen
This method is finally verified by a series of experimental data of three-story building structure made in Los Alamos National Laboratory USA.
Its merits are explained and compared by using a series of experimental data of three-story building structure made in Los Alamos National Laboratory USA.
Because of linear ARMA model can not extract nonlinear data, so the volatility of innovationswill increase when there is nonlinear damage in structures.
A series of experimental data of three-story building structure made in Los Alamos National Laboratory USA are adopted to evaluate the effectiveness of the new method.
Figuerias, et al: Structural health monitoring algorithm comparisons using standard data sets.
Its merits are explained and compared by using a series of experimental data of three-story building structure made in Los Alamos National Laboratory USA.
Because of linear ARMA model can not extract nonlinear data, so the volatility of innovationswill increase when there is nonlinear damage in structures.
A series of experimental data of three-story building structure made in Los Alamos National Laboratory USA are adopted to evaluate the effectiveness of the new method.
Figuerias, et al: Structural health monitoring algorithm comparisons using standard data sets.