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The grid quality affects the convergence and precision of simulation results directly.
Simulation Results and Analysis Simulation Results.
Through the CFD simulation, the different pressures between the radiator inlet and outlet under different coolant flow were obtained.
So the simulation model can calculate the radiator coolant resistance performance.
[2] ChangHe．Study on the Simulation of Heat Transfer Performance for Automotive Radiator Based on CFD[D]．Jilin：Jilin University Automotive Engineering College,2009

Numerical Simulation of Effect of X-Shape Submerged Nozzle on Flow of Molten Steel in Mold Xiaochao Cui1, a, Yanjuan Jin1, b and Yanxia Chen1, c 1School of Applied Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Waliu Road 66, China 030024 acuixiaochao@sohu.com, bjinyanjuan2003@163.com, ctjpcyx@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: X-Shape Submerged Nozzle, Molten Steel Flow Field, Numerical Simulation Abstract.
The numeric simulation of effect of X-shape submerged nozzle on flow of molten steel in a mold for 160mm×160mm concasting billet has been carried out by viscous fluid mechanics theory and CFD software Fluent.
Fig. 1 X-shape submerged nozzle Numeric Simulation of The Flow of Molten Steel Integral equation of controlling volume consists of continuity equation, momentum equation, energy equation, turbulent kinetic energy equation and turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate equation.
The assumptions of numeric simulation are as follows: (1) The flow of molten steel is steady, viscous and incompressible; (2) The influence of gravity on the flow of molten steel is taken into account, but the influence of mould vibration is ignored; (3) In the process of solidification of molten steel, heat conduction and convection are taken into account, but radiation is ignored; (4) Ignore the influence of solidification shell in the mould on flow field.
Numeric Simulation of Effect of X-Shape Submerged Nozzle on Flow of Molten Steel in Mold The Flow Status of Molten Steel in X-Shape Submerged Nozzle and Mold.

In recent years, there are new progress in computer technology and simulation methods.
The applications range of all kinds of generic software ,such as CFD, are expanded continuely[5].
Compared with industrial test, numerical simulation has advantages of lower cost and less time.
Simultaneously, it can do complete analysis and stronger simulation.
Lina, "Numerical Simulation of Mixing Characteristics in A Stirred Tank with Turbine Impellers," Zhengzhou University, 2007.

Computational fluid dynamics simulation shows that the average shear stress on pore walls is linear with the major axis when the bone scaffold porosity is maintained in the same level, and the distribution of shear stress trends to be more uniform with the increase of the major axis.
Table 1 Parameter of scaffold unit cell pore parameter （mm） a/b porosity connection diameter (mm) a=0.23,b=0.2215 1.0384 70.03% 0.1094 a=0.24,b=0.2175 1.1034 69.98% 0.1202 a=0.25,b=0.2145 1.1655 70.06% 0.1287 a=0.26,b=0.2118 1.2276 70.01% 0.1353 a=0.27,b=0.2096 1.2882 70.00% 0.1408 2.2 Solving parameters for CFD In order to study the effect of pore structure on fluid shear stress within scaffold pore walls, all of the scaffolds are suffered perfusion under volume flow rate of 0.1ml/min, 0.5 ml/min and 1 ml/min.
Post-processing graphics tools were used to analyze and present the CFD simulation results.
The combined study of simulation and perfusion culture may produce better scaffold and perfusion bioreactor, which can largely accelerate the process of bone tissue engineering.

The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software such as FLUENT can numerical compute and analysis kinds of fluid dynamic problems.
Reference [5] realized simulation for proton exchange membrane fuel cells based on SIMULINK/FLUENT collaborative simulation.
FLUENT/SIMULINK Collaborative Simulation Principle and Realize Method Principle of Collaborative Simulation.
Fig.1 Collaborative simulation principle chart Fig. 2 Parallel collaborative simulation flow chart Parallel Collaborative Simulation Method.
The simulation time step was 0.002S.

Hydraulic characteristics of orifice plates with multiple triangular holes in hydrodynamic cavitation reactor were experimentally investigated by use of three dimensional particle image velocimetry (PIV), high speed photography, electronic multi-pressure scanivalve and pressure data acquisition system, and numerically simulated by CFD software Flow 3D in this paper.
Based on the CFD software Flow 3D, the standard k-ε turbulence models and potential cavitation model were used in the numerical simulation.
Fig.9 High speed photographic picture of cavitating flow Summary Through the experimental study and numerical simulation of hydraulic characteristics downstream of the orifice plates for the different arrangements of the holes, we can draw the following conclusions: Cavitation number is minimum for the diagonal arrangement, maximum for the radial arrangement, and the bisectrix takes the second place; Dimensionless velocity profiles at the different cross-sections fall into an identical curve and exhibits a similarity; The maximum values of turbulent kinetic energy locate near the edges of multiple jets and the minimum values at the axial lines; Velocity profiles between the hybrid holes and the single holes are similar, however, the axial velocities for the hybrid holes decay faster than that for the single holes.

It indicated that performance characteristics of centrifugal compressor under off-Design condition could be predicted by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology.
Furthermore, internal flow characteristics and load distribution could be visualized directly by CFD post processing graph. 1 Introduction Centrifugal compressor was employed in aircraft environmental control system to pressurize the bleed air from engine.
Numerical Simulation 3.1 Computational model Main components of centrifugal compressor include impeller and diffuser.
CFD and Expriment Verification for Characteristics of Supercharge Compressor.

In order to obtain the conditions of the simulation analysis, the grinding force simulation are implemented, and using CFD method, the oil temperature is analyzed.
Grinding Force Simulation.
The simulation is carried out under the conditions of ap= 0.3 mm.
The simulation condition is up-gringding and dry grinding.
Using the CFD software Fluent to calculate the temperature of the oil film, the result with the spindle speed can be seen in Fig. 8.

Analysis of CFD for The Vortex Rope in The Draft Tube Urged by The Long and Short Blades Runner Si Qing Zhang 1, a, Chang Zhen Li 1, b, Li Xiang Zhang 2, c, Xiao Xu Zhang 1, d 1 Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China 2 Faculty of Architectural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650051, China a 363685119@qq.com, b 51438917@qq.com, c zlxzcc@126.com, d xiaoxuzhang86@hotmail.com Keywords: Water encouragement, The flow pattern of draft tube, The change of vortex rope.
Under 8 typical operating conditions, numerical simulation on how the runner outlet urge the vortex rope in draft tube are accomplished in this paper, and the calculation models are long blade model and mixed blade model.
Wang: Analysis of Computational Fluid Dynamics-principle and application of CFD software( Tsinghua University Press, China 2004) [4] Z.Z.
Lan: Simulation for fluid engineering( Institute of Technology Press, China 2004) [5] Thomas Vekve.
Wu, et al: Theories and Applications of Flow Refined Simulation for Hydraulic and Hydropower Engineering( Science Press, China 2006) [7] S.H.

Non-uniform meshes are generated over the pumping chamber, the buffers and channels for the simulation.
The simulations were carried out by using FLUENT 6.3 CFD software.
Figure 3 shows the simulation results obtained for the three micro-coil designs.
Figure 5 presents the simulation results for the three micro-coil fabricated in the current study.
The theoretical design models have been numerically validated using Ansoft/Maxwell3D, ANSYS and FLUENT 6.3 CFD simulation software.