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At present, most of the commonly used anode materials are porous Ni-A1 and Ni-Cr alloys. because of the high cost of Ni, the researchers are looking for a suitable alternative material.
Therefore, Ni can be replaced by Cu as the anode for preparing the MCFC, but Cu can be more quickly in corrosion and weight loss at a high temperature (650℃) and in (Li, K) environment, Studies have shown that Cu-35% Ni anode have similar electrochemical properties to pure Ni anode, and Cu-35% Ni anode can improve high temperature performance of materials after the addition of A1element, thereby improving creep resistance of the anode materials.
The addition of Al element can enhance the creep resistance sinter-ability of anode materials.
Since MCFC is stacked by a plurality of cells, and wrapped by the outer seal parts, the anode materials are subject to the pressure load under the working conditions, it’s very important to study the compression performance of the anode materials. especially there’s no report on the study of creep properties of porous copper alloy about the Cu alloy.
Fuel Cell System (Principle, Design and Application, Second Edition), Beijing: Science Press, 2008,pp.162

In recent years, many attempts to obtain superior quality by ductile regime machining of brittle materials were made [2-4], but the mechanism of brittle-ductile transition of hard brittle materials still lacks of in-depth study.
Indentation test is a method to find the critical condition of brittle-ductile transition of hard brittle materials.
So the mechanism of brittle-ductile transition of hard brittle materials at different temperatures is of critical importance to ultra-precision machining.
Que: Chinese Journal of Semiconductors, Vol.25 (2004) No.7, pp.798-803.
Grunlan and et al: Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol.69 (2002), pp.433-442

FEM using Lagrangian approach for rigid-plastic materials is popular in simulating metal forming processes[1-3].
The flow of material is uniform and the front edge of the material is regular, only material in boundary flows a little slowly because of effect of friction.
Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol.367 (2004), p. 329
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, Vol.51(2001).
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, Vol.62 (2005), p 475

Microstructure Evolution in Low-carbon Bainitic Steel during Tempering Chao Sun1, a, Shanwu Yang1, b, Mingxuan Lin1, c and Xian Wang1, d 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China ascxcmt@yahoo.cn, byangsw@mater.ustb.edu.cn, cgd_lmx@yahoo.com.cn, dwangxianie@yahoo.cn Keywords: Microstructure evolution, Low-carbon bainitic steel, Tempering Abstract.
Materials and Experimental Procedures The chemical composition of experimental steel is listed in Table 1.
Acknowledgement The research is financially supported by National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2010CB63083) and National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 50671016).
A338 (2002), p. 259 [3] Huibin Wu, Shanwu Yang, Aimin Guo, Shaoqiang Yuan, Chengjia Shang and Xinlai He: Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 11, No. 4 (2004), p. 338 [4] Huibin Wu, Shanwu Yang, Shaoqiang Yuan, Chengjia Shang, Xuemin Wang and Xinlai He: ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA Vol. 41, No. 4 (2005), p. 385 (In Chinese) [5] Haiqing Lü, Shanwu Yang, Rui Zhang, Chao Sun and Xinlai He: Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment Vol. 31, No. 3 (2010), p. 52 (In Chinese) [6] Haiqing Lü, Shanwu Yang, Chao Sun, Rui Zhang and Xinlai He: Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 31, No. 12 (2009), p. 1542 (In Chinese) [7] Rui Zhang, Shanwu Yang, Chao Sun and Xinlai He: Materials Science Forum Vol. 654-656 (2010), p. 126

French: ACI Materials Journal Vol. 92 (1995), p181-190
Breen: ACI Materials Journal Vol. 84 (1987), p315-326
Raupach: ACI Materials Journal Vol. 94(1997), p56-62
Şahmaran: Journal of Materials Science Vol.42 (2007), p9131–9136
Hooton: ACI Materials Journal Vol. 100 (2003): p120-126

On the other hand, titanium alloys are classified as hard-to-cut materials because of their poor thermal conductivity and high chemical reactivity.
Mahapatra, Application of TOPSIS in the Taguchi Method for Optimal Machining Parameter Selection, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Production 11 (2011) 49-60
Bahraminasab, A comprehensive VIKOR method for material selection, Materials and Design 32 (2011) 1215-1221
Davim, Multiobjective Optimization of Grinding Process Parameters Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm, Materials and Manufacturing Processes 25 (2010) 424-431
Palanikumar, Surface roughness analysis in turning of titanium alloy by nanocoated carbide insert, Procedia Materials Science 5 (2014) 2159- 2168

Sebastiani, A.H. van den Boogaard, “The technology of Incremental Sheet Forming – A brief review of the history”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 210 (8), pp. 981-997, 2010 [4] Maria B.
Martins, “On the formability of hole-flanging by incremental sheet forming”, Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 2012 (under review)
Embury, J.L Duncan, ”Formability maps”, Annual Review of Materials Science 11, pp. 505-521, 1981
Lemaitre, “Continuous damage mechanics model for ductile fracture”, Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Transactions of the ASME 107(1), pp. 83-89, 1985
César de Sá, “Finite element prediction of ductile fracture in sheet metal forming processes”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 177(1-3), pp. 278-281, 2006.

SiAlON ceramics are a series of high temperature refractory materials and possess high strength, good thermal shock resistance and resistance of wetting and/or corrosion by molten non-ferrous metals [9, 10].
Acknowledgements This research was financially supported by the Rare Metal Substitute Materials Development Project, New Energy and Industry Technology Development Organization (NEDO), by the Global COE Program “Materials Integration (International Center of Education and Research), Tohoku University”, and by the International Collaboration Center, ICC-IMR, Tohoku University.
Bundy, Science 208 (1980) 873-880
Goto, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 92 (2009) 1684-1690
Yano, Diamond and Related Materials 11 (2002) 280-286

Rao, Zinc oxide ceramic semi-conductor gas sensor for ethanol vapour, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 64 (2000) 62-65
Yakimov, Annealing effect on the luminescent properties and native defects of ZnO, Inorganic Materials, 41 (2005) 725-729
Zhu, Study of oxygen vacancies' influence on the lattice parameter in ZnO thin film, Materials Letters, 85 (2012) 25-28
Tanaka, Point defects in ZnO: an approach from first principles, Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 12 (2011)
Itoh, Magneto-photoluminescence of novel magnetic semiconductor Zn1-xCrxO grown by PLD method, Applied Physics a-Materials Science & Processing, 79 (2004) 1445-1447

Materials and Experimental Work Materials.
The material of SM was calcined at high temperature to reduce the impurities in its material.
This study evaluated the geopolymer binder from the material of VMA, the combination of FA and VMA material (FA_VMA), and the material of FA.
Journal of the Geological Society, 2011. 168(2): p. 517-523
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2015. 16(5): p. 11629-11647.