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Karnati et al. developed FGM with Cu – Ni and successfully imparted high thermal conductivity of Cu to high-strength Ni components [9].
Al-hababi, Q.
El-Wazery, A.R.
El-Desouky, A review on Functionally Graded Ceramic-Metal Materials, (2019). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334108229
Zheng, A.L.

., AL-Musawi, N.O.A., 2021.
Biodivers. 7(Special Issue), 196–216. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10212120 [9] Al-Jadabi, N., Laaouan, M., El Hajjaji, S., Mabrouki, J., Benbouzid, M., Dhiba, D., 2023.
Heliyon 11(4), e42379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42379 [12] Nirmal, N.P., Khanashyam, A.C., Mundanat, A.S., Shah, K., Babu, K.S., Thorakkattu, P., Al-Asmari, F., Pandiselvam, R., 2023.
Mech. 116(1), 88–102. https://semarakilmu.com.my/journals/index.php/appl_mech/index [20] Kouniba, S., Benbiyi, A., Zourif, A., El Guendouzi, M., 2024.
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25122812 [28] Al-Aubadi, I.M.K., Hashim, L.Q., 2022.

Marinas et al. [2] have revealed that the advantages of using Ni as a catalyst are due to its electrochemical stability in alkaline medium and resistance to CO poisoning effect during methanol oxidation.
This is supported by Ott et al. [7] who reported that the most successful way to control the morphology of the deposit is by variation of current density.
However, El-Shafei [10] has reported that oxidation of methanol starts as NiOOH which formed on the Ni electrode.
This result is almost similar to methanol oxidation results as reported by Singh et al. [11].
El-Shafei: Electroanal.

Karim et al [18] investigated the protection performance of the plain carbon steel by calciofon in chloride contaminated experimental cooling H2O.
El-Etre, Inhibition of aluminum corrosion using opuntia extract, Corros.
El-Etre, Natural honey as corrosion inhibitor for metals and alloys.
Leonardo El.
Al-Deyab, J.

Yurdakul et al. [6] employed a multi-attribute selection system for NCMP selection using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and TOPSIS methods.
Sadhu et al. [2] implemented a two phase decision model to select and rank the capable processes.
El-Hofy, Machining Technology : Machine Tools and Operations, Taylor & Francis Group, Florida, 2008
El-Hofy, Advanced Machining Processes, McGraw-Hill, 2005
El-Hofy, Fundamentals of Machining Processes, Taylor & Francis Group, Florida, 2007

Aqueous dilution media environments are groundwater initially free of organic matter from boreholes located in Biskra region using for drinking water (water of Drouh, Oued Biskra and El Alia) in south-east of Algeria.
Table 1: Characteristics and chemical structure of aromatic compounds Common name Phenylalanin Catechol Chemical name acide 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoïque 1,2-Dihydroxybenzene Chemical structure Molecular formula C9H11NO2 C6H6O2 Molar mass (g/mole) 165.19 110.11 pK –COOH 1.83 - pK –NH3+ 9.13 - pK-OH - pK1 = 9.25 pK2 = 13 Isoelectric point (IP) 5.48 - Purity % 99 99 Reference [17] [18] Table 2: Physico-chemical characteristics of dilution waters of organic compounds Dilution water Characteristics Water of Drouh Water of Oued Biskra Water of Biskra (El Alia) T (°C) 16 19.5 19.5 pH 7.67 7.77 7.15 TAC (°F) 10.7 20 24 TH (°F) 70 85.2 124 Ca 2+(mg/l) 124 196 268 Mg2+(mg/l) 93.6 86.88 136.8 Cl-(mg/l) 444.68 678 911 SO42-(mg/l) 33.5 720 1000 NO3-(mg/l) 3.54 19.5 22.6 PO43- (mg/l) 2.75 0.078 0.01 Conductivity (mS/cm) 1.26 2.84 3.97 Na+(mg/l) 60.46 673.39 755.5 K+ (mg/l) 2.33 8.70 10.53 Description of flocculation tests.
The hydrolysed forms of aluminum may be constituted by flocs containing a mixture of amorphous Al(OH)3 and positively charged species such as Al(OH)2+ and Al(OH)+2.
In mineralized water, the elimination of the aromatic compounds is carried out by adsorption and exchange of ligands at the surface of the Al (OH)3 formed.
N° 8- VOL.II- ANDRU, 2011, El Harrach- Algerria (2011)

The substrate surface was previously treated by Al-Ni bond coat and post-annealing at 650°C.
A new chemical composition of Al-Ni bond-coat was tested.
The new composition of Al-Ni bond-coat appears like two types of aggregates.
These, are mentioned in the binary diagram Al-Ni.
In system Fe-Al-C, the solubility of carbon in the perovskite structure is high.

Sawada et al. [15] paper presents new formulations and algorithms for multichannel extensions of non-negative matrix factorization
[3] Piscopo, Denise M; El-Danaf, Rana N; Huberman, An-drew D; et al.: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, Volume: 33, Issue: 11, Pages: 4642-56, 2013-Mar-13 [4] Wang, Gang; Hoiem, Derek; Forsyth, David: IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE, Volume: 34, Issue: 11, Pages: 2177-2188, Pub-lished: NOV 2012
[5] JunOh Park; ByoungChul Ko; Jae-Yeal Nam; et al.: 2013 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV 2013), Pages: 200-5, Published: 2013
[9] Jegou, Herve; Schmid, Cordelia; Harzallah, Hedi; et al.: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Volume: 32, Issue: 1, Pages: 2-11, 2010
[15] Sawada, Hiroshi; Kameoka, Hirokazu; Araki, Shoko; et al.: IEEE TASLP, Volume: 21, Issue: 5, Pages: 971-982, MAY 2013.

Inventory Models for Spare Parts Management: A Review Oumaima Bounou*a, Abdellah El Barkanyb and Ahmed El Biyaalic Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Mechanical Engineering Laboratory, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, FEZ, Morocco E-mail: a oumaima.bounou@usmba.ac.ma, b a_elbarkany2002@yahoo.fr, c biyaali@yahoo.fr Keywords: Inventory management ; spare parts ; probabilistic models; availability; maintenance strategies; risk management; modeling; safety stock; shortage.
[17] Ghorbel N., Addouches A, EL Mhamedi A., Boujelbene Y., Probabilistic modeling of consumption profiles for minimizing procurement costs of spare parts, Proceedings CIMSI, December 2014
[49] Ghorbel N., Duta L., Addouches-A, EL Mhamedi A., L’intégration de l’incertitude dans la gestion des stocks des pièces de rechange, CIGI, 2011
[50] Ghorbel N., Addouches A, EL Mhamedi A., Boujelbene Y., Bayesian approach for spare parts replenishment policies under uncertainties, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 10(11) (2014) 28-45
[53] Subash Babu A., Sanghi U., Ur Rehman A., AL-Shayea Adel M. and Mohamed A.

El Fawkhry1,b, Ayman M.
Thereby, a bit modification of the composition in Si (tool steel S6) by adding 0.4%Al instead of molybdenum.
C., et al.
[5] Zhao, Lie, et al.
[8] De Moor, Emmanuel, et al.