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Online since: March 2009
Authors: Charles Scozzie, Ty McNutt, Megan Snook, Paul Potyraj, Harold Hearne, Victor Veliadis
At
300ºC, the drain current of the cascode switch is 21.4% of its 25ºC value, which agrees well with
the reduction of the 4H-SiC electron mobility with temperature.
This agrees well with the measured reduction in VJFET built-in potential.
Finally, the reduction in cascode transconductance with temperature follows that of the theoretical 4H-SiC electron mobility.
The cascode's specific on-state resistance is extracted from the data of Fig. 3 at Vds = 0.5 V, and is plotted as a function of temperature on the left axis of the graph of Fig. 4.
The cascode's gate-junction built-in potential variation with temperature is extracted from a linear regression of the data of Fig. 2, and plotted on the right axis of the graph of Fig. 6.
This agrees well with the measured reduction in VJFET built-in potential.
Finally, the reduction in cascode transconductance with temperature follows that of the theoretical 4H-SiC electron mobility.
The cascode's specific on-state resistance is extracted from the data of Fig. 3 at Vds = 0.5 V, and is plotted as a function of temperature on the left axis of the graph of Fig. 4.
The cascode's gate-junction built-in potential variation with temperature is extracted from a linear regression of the data of Fig. 2, and plotted on the right axis of the graph of Fig. 6.
Online since: February 2013
Authors: G. Fayaaz Hussain, Afthab Shaban Nasser, Mohammad Mohiudeen Nawaz, Bikash Kumar Mondal, N. Karthikeyan
Brüel & Kjær LAN XI 3052-A-030 data acquisition system was used for data acquisition.
The data is recorded for 3 seconds using PULSE™ software provided by Brüel & Kjær.
A program written in MATLAB is used to perform the Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) of the obtained data to get the frequency spectrum.
On moving further downstream, the low frequency noise reduction is enhanced even more with an average reduction of 5 dB up to the Strouhal number at which screech appears in unmodified jet at 1500 and an average reduction of 7.5 dB at 1600.
Maximum average reduction OASPL occurs in the jet mach number range of 1.2 – 1.4 with an average reduction of about 3.5 dB.
The data is recorded for 3 seconds using PULSE™ software provided by Brüel & Kjær.
A program written in MATLAB is used to perform the Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) of the obtained data to get the frequency spectrum.
On moving further downstream, the low frequency noise reduction is enhanced even more with an average reduction of 5 dB up to the Strouhal number at which screech appears in unmodified jet at 1500 and an average reduction of 7.5 dB at 1600.
Maximum average reduction OASPL occurs in the jet mach number range of 1.2 – 1.4 with an average reduction of about 3.5 dB.
Online since: June 2007
Authors: Yang Do Kim, Young Seok Kim, Ju Dong Lee, Hyoung Chan Kim, Man Sig Lee
Nanosized TiO2-Ag-SiO2 sols were prepared with modified sol-gel method using reduction
agent.
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate (C6H5Na3.2H2O, Aldrich) was used as a reduction agent.
Nanosized TiO2-Ag-SiO2 sols were prepared by sol-gel process involving a reduction agent.
The experimental data on the kinetics of hydrate formation obtained in a semi-batch stirred vessel at pressures 3.50 MPa and 273.7 K Results and Discussion Structural Analysis.
Conclusions Nanosized TiO2-Ag-SiO2 sols were prepared with modified sol-gel method using reduction agent.
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate (C6H5Na3.2H2O, Aldrich) was used as a reduction agent.
Nanosized TiO2-Ag-SiO2 sols were prepared by sol-gel process involving a reduction agent.
The experimental data on the kinetics of hydrate formation obtained in a semi-batch stirred vessel at pressures 3.50 MPa and 273.7 K Results and Discussion Structural Analysis.
Conclusions Nanosized TiO2-Ag-SiO2 sols were prepared with modified sol-gel method using reduction agent.
Online since: February 2019
Authors: N.S.A. Halim, Noor Asmawati Mohd Zabidi, Tuan Syahylah Tuan Sulong
Reduction behavior of the catalyst and metal-support interaction was studied via hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (1100 CE Instrument).
The XPS spectra of Cu2p and Zn2p are presented in Fig. 2 and the XPS data are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 - XPS data of NZ-CZA and NZ-CZC catalysts.
The reduction peak at lower temperature can be assigned to reduction of dispersed CuO, whereas the one at higher temperature indicates the reduction of CuO bulk phases.
Table 3 - CO2 TPD data of Nb-Zr promoted CZA and CZC catalysts.
The XPS spectra of Cu2p and Zn2p are presented in Fig. 2 and the XPS data are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 - XPS data of NZ-CZA and NZ-CZC catalysts.
The reduction peak at lower temperature can be assigned to reduction of dispersed CuO, whereas the one at higher temperature indicates the reduction of CuO bulk phases.
Table 3 - CO2 TPD data of Nb-Zr promoted CZA and CZC catalysts.
Online since: January 2006
Authors: Chun Ho Liu
Attention and discussion on the load-reduction height of process history, and the stress distributions
of billet are also presented.
The aluminum alloy A6063 with a power law constitutive equation, 15.0 0.420 εσ = MPa, was adopted in the numerical computation, and the other relative data are 3.0=ν , 3 mkg2700=ρ , 79000=E MPa.
In Fig.2, at the first 4mm reduction height, the maximum error is increasing when the velocity factor is enlarged, afterward, the error has a decreasing tendency.
The relations between the load and reduction height are described in Fig.7.
But, a visible discrepancy 0 4 8 12 16 Reduction Height (mm) -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 Error (%) Comparation of Error Range Mass Factor=1000 Vel.
The aluminum alloy A6063 with a power law constitutive equation, 15.0 0.420 εσ = MPa, was adopted in the numerical computation, and the other relative data are 3.0=ν , 3 mkg2700=ρ , 79000=E MPa.
In Fig.2, at the first 4mm reduction height, the maximum error is increasing when the velocity factor is enlarged, afterward, the error has a decreasing tendency.
The relations between the load and reduction height are described in Fig.7.
But, a visible discrepancy 0 4 8 12 16 Reduction Height (mm) -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 Error (%) Comparation of Error Range Mass Factor=1000 Vel.
Online since: June 2010
Authors: Woo Young Lee, Eric Fleury, Yu Chan Kim, Tae Whan Hong, Yoon Bae Kim, Hong Seok Chin, Jin Yoo Suh
The reduction in the hydrogen permeability could be correlated to
the change in the composition of the coating as well as at the interface between Pd coating and Nibased
amorphous membrane.
However tests performed for up to 1.5 105 sec indicated a reduction of the hydrogen permeability that has been attributed to a contamination of the Pd surface and a structural change induced by the diffusion of Pd.
Table 1 Thermal characteristic of the Ni37.5Nb27.5Zr25Co5Ta5 amorphous ribbons Tg (K) Tx (K) ∆Tx (K) ∆Hx (J/g) as-spun ribbon 532.7 560.3 27.6 39.2 Pd coated ribbon before permeation test 533.1 560.0 26.9 33.2 Pd coated ribbon after 24 hours permeation test 560.6 29.8 Fig.3 shows the hydrogen permeation data obtained at 673 and 723 K for test performed during 720 hours.
The reduction in the performance obtained by Yamaura et al. on Ni40Nb20Zr30Ta5Co5 amorphous alloys [9] was attributed to a contamination of the surface of Pd layer inducing a reduction of the catalytic activity together with a possible degradation of the glassy structure during permeation test performed at high temperature, resulting from a diffusion of Pd element from the surface layer into the amorphous matrix.
However these tests performed using pure hydrogen exempt of contaminant revealed a reduction of the hydrogen permeability of about 50 % and 30 % for tests performed at 673 and 723 K, respectively.
However tests performed for up to 1.5 105 sec indicated a reduction of the hydrogen permeability that has been attributed to a contamination of the Pd surface and a structural change induced by the diffusion of Pd.
Table 1 Thermal characteristic of the Ni37.5Nb27.5Zr25Co5Ta5 amorphous ribbons Tg (K) Tx (K) ∆Tx (K) ∆Hx (J/g) as-spun ribbon 532.7 560.3 27.6 39.2 Pd coated ribbon before permeation test 533.1 560.0 26.9 33.2 Pd coated ribbon after 24 hours permeation test 560.6 29.8 Fig.3 shows the hydrogen permeation data obtained at 673 and 723 K for test performed during 720 hours.
The reduction in the performance obtained by Yamaura et al. on Ni40Nb20Zr30Ta5Co5 amorphous alloys [9] was attributed to a contamination of the surface of Pd layer inducing a reduction of the catalytic activity together with a possible degradation of the glassy structure during permeation test performed at high temperature, resulting from a diffusion of Pd element from the surface layer into the amorphous matrix.
However these tests performed using pure hydrogen exempt of contaminant revealed a reduction of the hydrogen permeability of about 50 % and 30 % for tests performed at 673 and 723 K, respectively.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Xun Tao Liu, Zhao Bo Chen, Shan Yun Huang
There are plenty of data need to compute.
The button bar is loading the data button, the icon from left to right is : open the test data, load, delete; open the calculations, load; open the optimal results, load; refresh and so on. 2.5.2 The block of frequency response function calculation.
It can complete respectively the finite element model updating base on the modal data and frequency response data.
Reduction of Stiffness and Mass Matrices [J].A1AA Journal, 1965, 3(2): 380-383
Reduction of Structural Frequency Equations.
The button bar is loading the data button, the icon from left to right is : open the test data, load, delete; open the calculations, load; open the optimal results, load; refresh and so on. 2.5.2 The block of frequency response function calculation.
It can complete respectively the finite element model updating base on the modal data and frequency response data.
Reduction of Stiffness and Mass Matrices [J].A1AA Journal, 1965, 3(2): 380-383
Reduction of Structural Frequency Equations.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Shahrul Kamaruddin, Solehhudin Razalli, Sim Hui Yee, Low Shye Nee, Chong Siu Hou
Introduction
SMED refers to the theory and techniques used for the reduction of equipment setup times [1].
Data collection of the setup activities is performed to identify the internal and external elements.
Collect data for categorizing internal and external operations (Step 2) In the Company A, the machine setup process is divided into internal and external setup as refer in Figure 2.
For analyzing the new mold preparation process, PFMEA was used to analyze the causes and effects based on the observation and data collected in step1 and 2.
Furthermore, the reduction cart will free up spaces in the store room which is used to store the carts.
Data collection of the setup activities is performed to identify the internal and external elements.
Collect data for categorizing internal and external operations (Step 2) In the Company A, the machine setup process is divided into internal and external setup as refer in Figure 2.
For analyzing the new mold preparation process, PFMEA was used to analyze the causes and effects based on the observation and data collected in step1 and 2.
Furthermore, the reduction cart will free up spaces in the store room which is used to store the carts.
Online since: September 2022
Authors: Sumaira Mumtaz, Raziya Nadeem, Raja Adil Sarfraz, Muhammad Shahid
The significance of statistical data was evaluated by applying one-way analysis of variance (IBM SPSS 20) using t-test where value of p less than 0.05 and 0.01 was considered significant.
3.
In fact, solution color was regularly turned reddish dark due to the reduction phenomenon.
The slight decrease and shifting of peak from 1639 to 1540 cm-1 indicated the reduction of Au+3 to Auo.
The data shows that the prohibition of bacterial growth is correlated with the concentration of biosynthesized AuPl. 3.3.1.
B. subtilis E. coli B. subtilis E. coli AuPl 7.62± 0.12 17.24± 0.05 18.24± 0.29 69.96± 0.18 AEPl 17.24± 0.05 34.48± 0.09 68.96± 0.43 103.44± 0.22 Chloramphenicol 2.15± 0.02 4.31± 0.03 8.62± 0.24 62.5± 0.09 The data is represented in a triplicate run with each value expressed as mean ± S.E.
In fact, solution color was regularly turned reddish dark due to the reduction phenomenon.
The slight decrease and shifting of peak from 1639 to 1540 cm-1 indicated the reduction of Au+3 to Auo.
The data shows that the prohibition of bacterial growth is correlated with the concentration of biosynthesized AuPl. 3.3.1.
B. subtilis E. coli B. subtilis E. coli AuPl 7.62± 0.12 17.24± 0.05 18.24± 0.29 69.96± 0.18 AEPl 17.24± 0.05 34.48± 0.09 68.96± 0.43 103.44± 0.22 Chloramphenicol 2.15± 0.02 4.31± 0.03 8.62± 0.24 62.5± 0.09 The data is represented in a triplicate run with each value expressed as mean ± S.E.
Online since: May 2004
Authors: A. Ramírez del Valle, Jose Zapatero, J. Pascual Cosp, J.C. Galiano Serrano
Validation of Probabilistic Fracture Models in Mullite Based Ceramics
Using Experimental Data
J.
The scattering of data requires a statistical analysis.
It is very suitable by its simple mathematical form and by its adaptability to experimental data.
Table 2.: Statistical data of the differents series using the size effect model.
This reduction is more evident in gaps with intermediate values, whereas in extremes values there is only a little reduction.
The scattering of data requires a statistical analysis.
It is very suitable by its simple mathematical form and by its adaptability to experimental data.
Table 2.: Statistical data of the differents series using the size effect model.
This reduction is more evident in gaps with intermediate values, whereas in extremes values there is only a little reduction.