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Otanocha3,c 1Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Edo University Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria. 2Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Akwa Ibom State University, Mkpat Enin, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Technology, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria a*vincent.balogun@edouniversity.edu.ng, bisuamfon@gmail.com, cotanocha.omonigho@fupre.edu.ng Keywords: Nitronic 33 steel alloy, austenitic steels, burr formation, chips, high pressure cutting, high speed machining.
International Journal of Impact Engineering 36, 294-302 (2009)
Schmid, Manufacturing engineering and technology.
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 6, 560-568 (2015)
Jenkins, "Validation of Nitronic 33 in Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete," (NAVAL CIVIL ENGINEERING LAB PORT HUENEME CA, 1987)

Therefore, when doing railway construction project financial evaluation, the benefits and costs include not only the project's engineering part, but also the quantitative impact of the railway network system after the entire project is completed, so it needs to calculate the system benefits and system costs of the project.
Therefore, many proposed railway projects have “related engineering” and “associated projects” [1] which makes recognition of the project benefits and costs more complex.
(1) Investment of the project Investment of the project includes civil engineering investment, rolling stock acquisition and working capital in financial analysis of railway construction project.
(a) Budget estimate of the project The total budget estimate of the project includes Ankang (not included) - Moxinpo (not included) second line, import engineering of Xiang-yu line to Chongqing junction terminal, import engineering of Xiang-yu line to Ankang junction terminal three parts, and the last two parts of related engineering.
(In Chinese) [2] China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group CO.LTD: Engineering feasibility report for building the second line to Ankang-Chongqing district of Xiang-yu line.

Crack growth approaches have also been used on civil structures in Europe [9].
The configuration of the strain gauges, anemometer, and data logger were developed and installed by Compusoft Engineers Ltd and Optimech Ltd in conjunction with Hyland Fatigue + Earthquake Engineering.
Heavy Engineering Research Association, Manukau, 1985
Engineering Structures 24 (2002): pp.109-114
Engineering Structures(26),(2004): pp. 1381-1387

References [1]Maria Garlock, Ignacio Paya-Zaforteza, Venkatesh Kodur, Li Gu: Engineering Structures Vol.35 (2012) p.89
(In Chinese) [4]Venkatesh Kodur,M.Z.Naser: Engineering Structures Vol.54 (2012) p.207
[5]Venkatesh Kodur, Esam Aziz, Mahmud Dwaikat: Journal of Bridge Engineering Vol.18 (2013) p.633
[8]Ian Bennetts and Khalid Moinuddin : Journal of Fire Protection Engineering Vol.19 (2009) p.85
(In Chinese) [10]Xudong Shi, Zhenhai Guo: Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.33 (2000) p.36.

Zahurul Islam a, Ben Young b Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China azahurul@hku.hk, byoung@hku.hk Keywords: Adhesive; Experimental investigation; FRP; Lean duplex stainless steel tubular members; Strengthening; Web crippling; Web slenderness.
Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE,Vol. 132(2006), p.134–144
Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol.133(2007), p.368–377
Engineering Structures, Vol. 29(2007), p.1808–1823
SEI/ASCE 8-02; Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, (2002)

Furthermore, through the engineering examples, the paper compares the theoretical results calculated from formula with the measured results derived from the engineering site, which then validates this calculation method in respect of accuracy and rationality, and thus promotes the application of this technique in the engineering fields.
And the soil layer types and the soil burial depth in the engineering site are illustrated in Fig.5.
References [1] B.Shi, H.Z.Xu, D.Zhang, et al: Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Vol.23(3) (2004), pp493~499.
Study Journal of Hokkaido Exploiture Civil Engineering, Vol. (613)(2004), pp45~56.
(in Chinese) [6] G.Q.Wei, B.Shi, J.X.Jia, et al: Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol.31(6)(2009), pp911~916.

Comparative Experiment Research on Different Material Improvement to the Influence of Expansive Soil Expandability JunYang1, a, JianLingWang1 , GuoDongZhang1 , YunWeiTang2, ZhiGangXie3, 1 Civil and Architectural Institute,China Three Gorges University, Yi chang,Hubei, China 2 YiChang Transport Bureau, Yi chang,Hubei, China 3 From XiaoXiTa to YaQueLing First-Class Highway Rebuilding Engineering Project, Yi chang,Hubei, China awangjing750301@163.com Keywords: expansive soil ; lime ; cement; fly ash; weathered sand ; improvement ; trial test ; Abstract.
Because expansive soil is widely distributed along many highway constructions, plus land resource scarcity, engineering of the expansive soil has to use poor expansive soil source as fillers to filling the subgrade.
The improved expansive soil can achieve road use standard and all can be used in engineering, which can save cost
Engineering Journal of Wuhan University (engineering edition), 2011, 44(2): 211-215
Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2004, 26 (3): 422-424.

Shahpanahf 1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia 2Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran aata.shahpanah@gmail.com, bShariatmadari.shahab@yahoo.com, cchegeni.a1@gmail.com, dmr.arash.gholamkhasi@gmail.com, fmostafa.shahpanah@gmail.com Keywords: Queuing; Port container terminal; Ship Berthing Operation; Computer simulation, waiting time Abstract.
JurnalTeknologi(Sciences & Engineering), 68(3), 119-124
JurnalTeknologi (Sciences & Engineering) 68(4), 7–11
National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. 92 (8) , 231-237
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering 125( 5) , 232-240

Michalopoulos, “Seismic isolation using sliding elastomer bearing pads”, Nuclear Engineering and Design 84, 1985
NCEER-88-0038, National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research.
Tsai, “Response of multi-degree-of-freedom structures with sliding supports”, Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 19, 1990
Kelly, “Base isolation for near-fault motions”, Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics Volume 30 Issue 5, 2001
Lee, “A Comparative Study on Aseismic Performances of Base Isolation Systems for Multi-Span Bridge”, ASCE's First Virtual World Congress for Civil Engineering, 2002

The Advances in Risk Analysis of Reservoir Operation Research Yan Ye 1,2, a, Guangwen Ma 2,b , Yuanbo Zhang 3,c 1 College of Resources and Environment ,Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716,China 2 College of Hydraulic Engineering ,Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610065,China 3 Planning and Design Department,Changjiang Institute of Survey,Planning,Design and Research, Wuhan,430010,China ayye_china@126.com, b magw8158@163.com, c zhangyuanbo@cjwsjy.com.cn Keywords: reservoir operation; risk analysis; advances in research Abstract .There are many uncertain factors in the process of reservoir’s operation.
Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) of Hagen in 1982 first proposed the concept of risk, with a relative risk index to determine the risk of dam.
References [1] Donald H.Burn,Henry D.Venema,Slobodan P.Simonovic,Risk-bade performance criteria for real-time reservoir operation, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,Vol.18，1981
Forecasting System, Hydrology, Vol.21 No2,2001, pp.1–4 [9] Bende Wang; Yuying Xu, Analysis of Risk for Reservoir Flood Standard, Hydrology, Vol.21 No6,2001, pp.8–10 [10] Bangke Song, Yuying Xu, Study on risk analysis method for automatic measure and forecast system of reservoir rain regime, Water Resourse & Hydropower of Northeast China, Vol19 No3,2001,p.22,35-36 [11] Bende Wang, Guohua Liang, Chuntian Cheng ,Real－time Risk Operation Model and Its Application for Flood Control, Hydrology, Vol20 No6,2000,p.4-8 [12] Ping Feng, Genfu Chen, Enfu Ji, RISK ANALYSIS OF WATER STORAGE OVER LIMIT WATER LEVEL DURING FLOOD SEASON IN GANGNAN RESERVOIR, JOURNAL OF TIANJIN UNIVERSITY,1995(4),p. 572~576 [13] Fengwei Tian, Qiang Huang, Jianchang Xie, Reservoirs real operation and risk decision making, JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING,1998(3),p.57-62 [14] Daoxi Wang, Yuansheng Zhu, Chuanhe Hou, Risk Analysis of Water Dispatching on the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River, Journal of Hehai University
(Natural Sciences ), Vol.29 No2,2001, pp.71-74 [15] Qiang Huang; Longde Miao; Zengfa Wang, Analysis and Decision Methods for the Risk in Reservoir Operation, JOURNAL OF XI AN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, Vol.15 No.4 ,1999,pp.6-10 [16] Shuhai Jiang, Application of stochastic differential equations in risk analysis for flood relief, JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING, 1994(3),pp.94-103 [17] Shuhai Jiang, The assessment and check of dam safety for flood prevention, JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING, 1998(1),pp.18-24 [18] Zhuxing Xu, zizhong Guo,Risk calculation of open-type spillway, JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING, 1989(4) ,pp.50-54 [19] Xiangyuan Chu,Hydraulic model of uncertainty, JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING, 1992(5),pp.33~38 [20] Daoxi Wang, Reservoir safety design and collapse risk, ADVANCES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF WATER RESOURCES, 1995 (1),pp. 17~24 [21] Changxing Wang, Huiming Wang, Comparison of flood risk calculation methods ,water power,1996 (12),pp. 13~16 [22] Lingang