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Zhang: Gongeng Cailiao/ Journal of Functional Materials, Vol. 38, n 12 (2007), p.1987-1989 [4] H.C.
Cui and X.J, Yang: Applied Surface Science, Vol. 199, n 1-4 (2002), p. 293-302 [5] E.C.
Schaaf: Applied Surface Science, Vol. 254, n 4 (2007) p. 888-892 [7] A.
Naqavi I.Z., and Shuja S.Z: ASME, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Vol. 124 (2002), p. 863-874
Pharr: Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 7 (1992), p. 1564-1580

Experimental Materials and instruments Main materials and instruments used in the experiments are listed in Table 1.
Table 1 Main materials and instruments Main materials and instruments Supplier Iodine standard solution(0.0999mol/L) Guangdong Xilong Chemistry Co.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Funds (21076109), Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department (ZD2007008) and Ningbo Science & Technology Plan (2008B71010, 2010B31012).
THPC Resins”, Textile Research Journal, Sage Publications, 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA, 1957, 3(27), pp. 260-266
Hamanaka, “A facile sol-gel method for the encapsulation of gold nanoclusters in silica gels and their optical properties”,Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Elsevier Science, BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1999, 2(255), pp.254-258

With the increase of this demand, the packaging materials industry has improved to diversify coating techniques.
Most food coating materials are made from the use of petroleum polymers, and their non-biodegradable load has become a serious environmental problem.
Materials and Method Materials.
The transfer of water vapor is carried out between the hydrophilic layers of the material, so that there is a greater incidence in materials with a stronger hydrophilic load[19].
Purfard: Journal of Food Science Vol. 78 (2013), p.

The configuration designs are generated based on the form which develops from the function, and strongly depends on available materials and production methods.
It can be summarized that by selecting Round shape with polypropylene material for Back part, Square shape with polypropylene material for Seat part, Tri-angle shape with plywood material, and U-shape with stainless steel material for Base part, the product configuration sustainability score over product’s life-cycle is 0.234 (pre-manufacturing), 0.185 (manufacturing), 0.215 (use), and 0.193 (post-use).
Hadfield, A sustainable product design model, Materials and Design 27. (2006) 1128-1133
Spitzley, Measuring product sustainability, Journal of Sustainable Product Design 6. (1998) 7-16
Omar, Evaluation of sustainability performance of product design element concepts using Analytical Hierarchy Process, Applied Mechanics and Materials.

Machining cost reduction achieved through the increase of material removal rate and tool life without compromising surface integrity even for hard-to-machine materials is highly desirable; a paradigm being the cutting of hardened steels by CBN tools at increased speeds or as it is usually referred in the relevant literature high speed hard cutting.
Kowalczyk, Cutting Data Influence on Cutting Forces and Surface Finish During Sintered Carbide Turning, Key Engineering Materials 581 (2013) 148-153
Poszvek, Trends In Precision Manufacturing Based On Intelligent Design And Advanced Metrology, Key Engineering Materials 581 (2014) 417-422
Li, A review of tool wear estimation using theoretical analysis and numerical simulation technologies, International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 35 (2012) 143–151
Gyáni, Machining Performance of CBN Cutting Tools for Hard Turning of 100Cr6 Bearing Steel, Applied Mechanics and Materials 474 (2014) 333-338.

Materials and Models Experiments were carried out with the raw material A1 having less than 13% of clay fraction, in a laboratory recirculation dryer.
Result and discussion Previously reported model [3] was tested for several clay tiles [4,5] made from different raw materials having clay fraction content in the range of 25 – 38%.
Acknowledgement Note: This paper was realized under the project III 45008 which was financed by ministry of education and science of Serbia.
Chirifle, Effects on drying rate of food dehydratation, Canadian Journal of Chemical Enginneering, 52 5 (1974) 576-579
Grbavčić, Determination of the effective diffusion coefficiente, Romanian Journal of Material, 41 2 (2011) 169 – 176

Kumar Sanjay [12] expressed that material is one of the important resources without which not even a single industry will function and therefore, optimum utilization of this resources will contribute a lot in overall improvement in material productivity.
Science, Vol. 53(10), pp. 1577-1593 [4] Chi-Leung Chu and V.
Jorge Leon (2009), “Scalable methodology for supply chain inventory coordination with private information”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 195, pp. 262-279 [5] Selcuk Karabati and Serpil Sayin (2008), “Single-supplier/multiple supplies chain coordination: Incorporating buyers’ expectations under vertical information sharing”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 187, pp. 746-764 [6] Benita M.
Journal of Application or Innovation in Engg and Mgt, Vol. 2(1), pp. 149-154 [12] Kumar Sanjay, (2007), “Optimization of Material”, Industrial Engineering Journal, Vol. 36(8), pp. 32-34 [13] Daniel Rexhausen, Richard Pibernik and Gernot Kaiserd, (2012), “The impact of demand and distribution management on supply chain success”, Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 30, Issue 4, pp. 269-281 [14] Nallusamy S et al (2015), “A Proposed Agile Based Supply Chain Model for Poultry Based Products in India”, International Journal of Poultry Science, Vol. 14(1), pp. 57-62 [15] Liu, N. and Dong, J., (2010), “Discussions on a new model of steel logistics based on modern supply chain management theory”, Management and service science, IEEE International conference, pp. 1-4 [16] Mohammad Reza Soltany and Ahmad Reza Sayadi (2013), “Productivity Improvement in a Steel Industry using Supply Chain Management Technique”, Int.
S., (2010), “Analyzing the supply chain using SCOR model in a steel producing company”, 40th Int. conf. on computers & industrial engineering, Awaji Island, Japan [21] Helle, H., Helle, M., Pettersson, F. and Saxén, H. (2010), “Multi objective optimization of iron making in the blast furnace with top gas recycling”, ISIJ International Journal, Vol. 50, No. 10, pp. 1380-1387 [22] Peng, H.J., Zhou, M.H., Liu, M.Z., Zhang, Y. and Huang, Y.B., (2009), “A dynamic optimization model of an integrated coal supply chain system and its application”, Mining Science and Tech., Vol. 19, pp. 842-846 [23] Reuben E.

Materials and Methods Plant materials Elodea nattalii are taken from the Wuhan Botanical Garden outdoor training breeding grounds.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Research and Development funds project (899), Ezhou polytechnic Science and Technology Research project, (2009eb01).
Journal of Applied Ecology, 16:337-340 [10] Wang B & Li W,2002.
Journal of freshwater Ecology 19: 279-284 [12] Nimptsch J,2007.
Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 14: 38-41 [20] Li HS,2000.

Here we just discuss the stress of x direction, the others are same as above, the spring is idealized as an isotropic and incompressible hyper-elastic materials, cauchy stress is given by                   t KL KL LjKiij ij d E tggtxtxp 0 1 0,,      
(5) Where  tg1 is material function satisfying   01g , 0g is material constant, Kix , is deformation gradient, ij is Kronecker symbol and KLE is Green strain tensor defined as   2,, KLLiKiKL xxE 
[2] Liu Hong, He Yun Zeng, Yang Li Hong, "Nonlinear theory of conical helical spring", Journal of Harbin Engineering University, Vol.26 (2005), p. 628-632
Yildirim, "Free vibration of uniaxial composite cylindrical helical springs with circular section", Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol.239 (2001), p. 321-333
Cleghorn, "On the natural frequencies of helical compression springs", International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol.44(2002), p.825-841

Parameters of the materials.According to the Code for design of concrete structures (GB 50010-2002) [10], parameters of the concrete is showed in tabe 1.
CDJZR11 20 00 13) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51109231).
Journal of Hydrodynamics(2003),Vol.18(2):164-167 (In Chinese)
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences(2009)Vol.46 (1) :19-30 (In Chinese)
Journal of Hydraulic Mechanics (2008), Vol. 39(8):982-988(In Chinese)