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A preliminary study on the heat transfer characteristics of a parallel plate heat sink through the CFD simulation is important to determine the optimal heat sink design [4].
Results and Discussion Initially, the aluminium heat sink was designed and evaluated by using FE simulation.
From the FE simulation result, the copper heat sink was able to dissipate the temperature faster than the aluminium heat sink because copper has higher thermal conductivity compared to aluminium materials, which was 401 W/m.K and 205 W/m.K, respectively.
[4] R Arularasan, R Velraj, CFD analysis in a heat sink for cooling of electronic devices, Int.

The current master model is ready Arrangement of on-board equipment, balancing NO Analysis of aerodynamic properties (CFD) Nature of tasks to be executed Checking whether the object meets the imposed conditions Computation of flight characteristics (performances) The estimation meets the desired effects Development of final geometry (outline contour) Parameters and boundary conditions.
The algorithm for development of a CAD model with the use of the engineering concept of the ‘master model’ Such an approach eliminates the need to potentially change the concept after the first performance examinations or advanced computer simulations (CAD, CFD).
Use of vortex lattices arranged in concentric polyhedrons with a polygonal base, suitable for simulation of an aircraft body.
Sibilski, Modelling and simulation of dynamic features for motion of flying craft, The MH Edition, Warsaw, 2004 (in Polish)

Simulation result and theory analysis showed the models established in the paper performed better than the random walk model.
Due to the obvious advantages both in numerical simulations and theoretical studies, the bulk of the research effort has been directed at spherical particles.
So the random walk model is not appropriate to simulation the aerosol dispersion, which causes the simulation value of mass concentration larger than measurement and setting velocity smaller than measurement.
The non-spherical particle dispersion model which considers the gravity and particle shape can simulation the dispersion process of aerosol better, which was validated through experimental measurement and numerical simulation in another paper [6].
Mathematical Model and Numerical Simulation of Particles Dispersion with Gravity.

Numerical and Experimental Researches of 1:10 Tank Car Longitudinal Vibration with Fluid Sloshing Zhisheng Liu1, a, Jimin Zhang1, b, Yongqiang Wang1, a 1Institute of Railway and Urban Mass Transit, Tongji University, Shanghai, China, 201804 alzsfrank3@gmail.com, bzjm397a@163.com Keywords: fluid-structure coupling; tank car dynamics; numerical simulation; model experiment; CFD Abstract.
Since the flow field is wholly described by the fluid control equations, the result calculated can be more realistic than the traditional modal simulation, and the tanker dynamics simulation obtained by this method will be more accurate. 1.
Establishment of the fluid-tank simulation model 1.1 Simulation process In the numerical simulation, the program of three-dimensional model is very complex, and the study of such problem is usually simplified to two-dimensional model despite the loss of accuracy, but the basic law of the liquid sloshing can be obtained.
Coupled simulation process is as follows: (1) Set initial conditions.
The human body vibration simulation research during railway vehicle running[J].

Meanwhile, the temperature distributions in the tunnel has been simulated by using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software of ANSYS CFX.
In terms of the experiments and simulation above, the smoke flow characteristics were demonstrated.
In Fig.13, the experimental value and simulation value has certain error, and the reason is that the simulation based on an ideal condition which the wind speed in the tunnel does not naturally change with time, while the natural wind speed in the tunnel fluctuated over time in field experiments.
Therefore, the experimental value and the simulation value were in certain error.
T=720s T=960s Figure 14 Temperature contrasts of simulation value and experiment value 4 Conclusions The smoke is the major factor that affects safe evacuation for small fire source power of fire.

This article takes J2010 multi-impeller pre-oxidation reactor as an example for numerical simulation study.
Fig. 1 Structural sketch of pre-oxidation reactor 1-agitator assembly, 2-tank assembly, 3-impeller, 4- aeration system Numerical Simulation Two-phase flow in the tank of multi-impeller pre-oxidation reactor is simulated by CFD in order to verify whether the fluid dynamics status in the tank meets the design requirment or not, and to make comparison and verification of the numerical simulation results with water test results to provide basis of the optimization design for the parameters of the reactor [2].
No heat transfer throughout the simulation.
a) meshes of the reactor b) meshes of the agitator Fig. 2 Mesh generation result Simulation Results and Analysis Simulation of Gas Phase Dispersing in the Liquid Phase.
Numerical simulation of gas liquid flow in a stirred tank with a new multiple impeller.

ajccheng@nfu.edu.tw, bdreamlifeboy@gmail.com,c jjmiau@seed.net.tw Keywords: VAWT, Blade pitch control, Unsteady aerodynamics, Dynamic stall, CFD Abstract.
A three blades vertical axis wind turbine simulation is performed to study the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics with blade pitch control.
A two-dimensional unsteady turbulent numerical simulation is performed in this study.
Conclusions This study investigated the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics with fixed and variable blade pitch control models in a three blades vertical axis wind turbine simulation.
H., Dynamic Stall Regulation of the Darrieus Turbine, SAND83-7029 UC-261 (1983) [4] Lain S. and Osorio C., Simulation and evaluation of a straight-bladed Darrieus-type cross flow marine turbine, Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, Vol. 69 (2010) p.906.

., Proseck´a 76, CZ-190 00 Prague 9, Czech Republic akral@itam.cas.cz, bpospisil@itam.cas.cz, Keywords: CFD, perforated surface, resistance barrier, wind effect, screen boundary condition.
On the other hand, the authentic simulation of the fluid mechanics requires specifying the relevant input parameters that can be determined by an experiment or by using a corresponding handbook.
The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) represents a very powerful tool for such a deeper understanding the flow through perforated surfaces.
The resulting wind forces are determined using both the numerical simulation and the fluctuation increment: we = Cpe(x, y, z) · qp(z) = hp − nTn µ�ru + �ru�To ni+−h1 + 7Iv(z) i, (10) where Cpe(x, y, z) is the numerically calculated local aerodynamic coefficient, qp(z) is the peak velocity pressure at height z and Iv(z) is the turbulence intensity defined as the standard deviation ofthe turbulence divided by the mean wind velocity vm(z).
While the simulation gives results with the energy spectrum of turbulence up to the integral length scale characterized by a large flow velocity fluctuation and low in frequency, the turbulence intensity factor 7Iv(z) represents the short-term velocity fluctuations corresponding to eddies with intermediate scales.

Numerical simulation on V shaped solar flat-plate air collector Mingdong Chen 1, a, Xuebing Liu1,b (corresponding author) 1 College of Architecture Engineering, Qingdao agricultural University, Qingdao, China amingdongjlu@126.com b xbliu@126.com Keywords: solar house; V-shaped solar flat-plate air collector; heat transfer model; collector height; collector layout Abstract.
Simulation model The V-shaped solar collector are made by metal mesh, the structure is shown in Fig.1.
The simulation model is established using the software of CFD, and the sketch of simulation grid is shown in Fig.2. 1. glass cover 2. absorber 3. air inlet 4. air outlet 5. metal mesh absorber Fig.1 The structure of V-shaped solar collector Fig.2 The sketch of simulation grid Result and analysis Energy balance equations.
In order to determine the relation between collector height and temperature change, the absorber temperature is seen a constant vale (340k) in the simulation model.
The simulation study is carried our when the absorber temperature are 320k，330k，340k，350k，360k and 370k.

Review of Stratified Charge Research in Oxygen-enriched and Nitrogen-enriched Combustion Deyuan Su1, 2, Ying-ai Jin1, 2, Qing Gao*1, 2, Xianda Che2 , Yunlong Xing2 1State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China 2College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China Corresponding Author: Qing Gao E-mail: gaoqing@jlu.edu.cn Keywords: Internal combustion engine, Stratified intake, Oxygen-enriched combustion, Nitrogen-enriched combustion Abstract: This paper discusses combustion and emissions of internal combustion engine when oxygen-enriched combustion air and nitrogen-enriched combustion air are used.
At the same year, Tianjin University start a research of a fully coupled multi-dimensional CFD and reduced chemical kinetics model is adopted to investigate the effects of charge stratification on HCCI combustion and emissions, and they found that the charge stratification results in stratification of the in-cylinder temperature[10].
At next two years a special combustion chamber was designed and used to a CFD simulation to analysis the fuel concentration distribution in the chamber under different crank angle time[11].
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Stratified Scavenging System of Two-Stroke Gasoline Engine[J].Transactions of CSICE, 2003.