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., Materials Engineering Department, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq. 2MSC.
Student, Materials Engineering Department, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq abesma.m.alazzawi@gmail.com, bbaraamahdi20@gmail.com Keywords: polymer-cement, post-cure, epoxy, resin Abstract.
One such try is polymer- cement, which is prepared by the modifying polymer additives such as dispersible polymer powders, latexes, water-soluble polymers, liquid resins, and monomers with ordinary cement mortar.[1] then, a recurrent interest has established itself, in the field of construction.[2] They continue to be very promising materials for new uses chiefly for tile adhesives, cover-up coatings, , coatings, attractive coating, and thermal insulation; they are used also for the healing of civil engineering structures in the field of community works, and in some road applications as well.[3] Aggarwal, et al 2007 [4].
Khattab, Effect of gamma irradiation on polymer modified white sand cement mortar composites, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 20 ( 2014 ) 1-8
Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development. 21(3) (2017) 156-66

In-situ Assessment of Structural Timber: State-of-the-Art, Challenges and Future Directions KASAL Bohumil1,a 1 Professor of Architectural Engineering, Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Hankin Chair, Penn State University, University Park, USA a kasalb@engr.psu.edu Abstract Timber is one of the oldest structural materials and has been traditionally used in all parts of the world.
Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials.
"Probability & Statistics for Engineers & Scientists (8th Edition)."
"Wood as an Engineering Material."
Wood handbook--Wood as an engineering material.

., Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering King Saud University, P.O.Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia email: amsugair@ksu.edu.sa Keywords: Mandatory Medical Insurance; Medical Care; Construction Contractor; Construction Worker Abstract.
[4] Ahmed, I., and Minkarah, I., “Questionnaire Survey on Bidding in Construction” Journal of Management in Engineering, ASCE, Vol 4 (3), (1988), pp. 229-243
“Elements of cost estimating: a survey in Canada and the United States” ,Cost Engineering, Vol. 37(5), (1995), pp. 27-33.

Properties Comparisons and Cost Analysis of Asphaltic Cement Grade 80/100 and 60/70 Modified with Crumb Rubber and SBS Polymer Sudniran Phetcharat1 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, 63 Moo 7 Ongkharak, Nakornnayok, Thailand, 26120 asudniran@g.swu.ac.th Keywords: Asphalt cement, Crumb rubber, Polymer modified asphalt, SBS polymer Abstract.Enhancing the quality of AC 60/70 using crumb rubber and SBS polymer has its limitations.
[2] WatchrinWitayakul and ChanarongKunthawethep,Improement of Asphalt Concreate Surface by Adding Used Tire Rubber in Asphalt Cement pen.60/70, Proceedings of the 34thKasetsart University Annual Conference: Science, Engineering, Agro-Industry, Home Economics, Resource and Environment Management, Education, Social Science, Economics and Business Administration. (1991). p.142-146
[3] ChayatanPhromsorn,Study of Engineering Properties of Asphalt and Polymer Modified Asphaltic Concrete,Report No.

The Characteristics of Temperature Field in the Cup-shaped Frozen Soil Walls for Horizontal Reinforcement of Shield Tunneling Jiangtao Xia1, a, Lili Wang 2, Zejun Liu1, Huarong Shen1, Shaofei Zhang3, b 1School of Civil Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223001, China 2 Haian urban construction design and research institute Co., Ltd.
Huai’an 223001, China 3 MOE Key Lab of Disaster Forecast and Control in Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China axjthyit@163.com, bzhangsf_jnu@163.com Keywords: Shield Tunneling; Horizontal Reinforcement; Temperature Field; Site Monitoring; Cup-Shaped Frozen Soil Wall Abstract.
This technique is commonly used in mining construction before, and then it is applied as a supporting technique during the process of the tunnel construction in soft soil layer or in the engineering such as connection channel between two tunnels[1].
The freezing hole adopts horizontal circular layout and it will forms the cup-shaped frozen soil wall to reinforce the soil, this method is often used in the shield tunneling engineering[2].

., Faculty of Civil Engineering STU, Radlinského 11, 813 26 Bratislava 1, Slovak republic 2Ing.
The fire safety is proved by special project of fire safety, designed by the fire safety engineer (in the Slovak republic named “fire safety specialist”), who must cooperate with the other engineers (not only with architect and structural designer, but mainly with the project engineer of the main firefighting equipment (fire safety of building, fire detection system, fixed fire extinguish system, smoke and heat control system).

Structural damage detection of continuous beam by NExT based wavelet packet energy Peng Yan1,a, Qiao Li1,b 1School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China aswjtu_yp@126.com, bql3721@163.com Keywords: natural excitation technique (NExT); wavelet packet energy (WPE); continuous beam; damage detection Abstract: For the purpose of effective damage localization, combined with natural excitation technique (NExT) and wavelet packet (WP) decomposition method, a new algorithm named NExT based wavelet packet energy (WPE) damage detection algorithm was proposed for continuous beam.
Journal of Structural Engineering Vol.10 (2002), p. 1354-1361
Engineering Structures Vol.27 (2005), p. 1339–1348
Theory and application of engineering structural damage alarming.

Optimal Retrofitting of Structures Using Braces Sawekchai Tangaramvong1,a and Francis Tin-Loi1,b 1Centre for Infrastructure Engineering and Safety, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia aemail: sawekchai@unsw.edu.au (corresponding author), bemail: f.tinloi@unsw.edu.au Keywords: Brace design, Ground structure, Mixed Integer, Multiple load cases, Optimal retrofit Abstract.
Introduction Over the past decades, the optimization concept has been developed in the fields of optimal layout and/or sizing design of engineering structures (see e.g. [1,2]).
Tyas, Layout optimization of large-scale pin-jointed frames, Engineering Computations. 20 (2003) 1044-1064

Research on Strain Transfer of Embedded BOTDA Sensors Analyzed by FEM Qiao Yan1, a, Sun Chuanzhi1, a, 2,b and Zhang Biao3,c 1 Suqian College, Suqian, China 2 College of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China 3 Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science, Nanjing, China a223800, b210096, c210008 Keywords: embedded BOTDA strain sensors; law of strain transfer; FEM Abstract: In this paper, the theory of strain transfer of embedded BOTDA sensors was introduced.
Introduction Safety, durability and normal function of large building and bridge construction are brought to our attention with the remarkable development of construction and traffic engineering.
Optical fiber sensing technique is endowed outstanding characteristic: capacity of resisting disturbance, electrical insulation, thermostability, frost resisting, waterproof and anti-corrosion[1].These performance break through the traditional point type sensing concept and monitor structural strain information continuously which provides a powerful means for monitoring and diagnosis of construction building structure and used widely in health monitoring of engineering structures.However due to coating layer, restrictive coating and paste layer absorb a part of energy in the process of strain transfer whose accuracy rest with physical and mechanical properties of that which depends on Interface transferring properties of optical fiber strain sensor[2].
Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 1998(4):385-394

This method has combined with the features of existing norms and the features of strengthening works, and it’s more suitable for the majority engineer assessment personnel.
Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering. 2004(13):1-35
[S] [4] Quality inspection and Evaluation Standards for Highway Engineering Section 1 Civil Engineering JTG F80/1-2004.