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Fluid structure interaction (FSI) is a relatively new tool utilised in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of blood flow in atherosclerotic models.
Zeng et al. [8] has also carried out a CFD analysis on the physiological motion and wall deformation of a branchless right coronary artery to assess the influence of artery compliance on wall shear stress.
ANSYS CFX (v14.0, ANSYS-Fluent Inc., Lebanon, NH, USA), a finite volume based software, was coupled to ANSYS Structural (v14.0, ANSYS-Fluent Inc., Lebanon, NH, USA), a finite element based software, for the numerical simulation of the fluid structure interaction (FSI) between the solid (wall) and the fluid (lumen) domains.
Hoffman, Numerical simulations of blood flow in arteries using fluid structure interactions, PhD dissertation, Graduate School of Witchita State University, 2007

In study [25], the issue of dust accumulation on the filtering surface of a corrugated filter has been analyzed using a numerical simulation method.
In this study, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods have not been applied.
Compared to CFD, empirical equations are simpler to use and require only a short calculation time.
J Mech Sci Technol. 35 (2021) 5007–5022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-021-1019-9 [16] Cheng, K., Zhu, J., Qian, F., Cao, B., Lu, J., Han, Yu., CFD–DEM simulation of particle deposition characteristics of pleated air filter media based on porous media model.
Sādhanā. 48 (2023) 223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-023-02206-z [20] Teng, G., Shi, G., Zhu, J., Qi, J., A numerical simulation method for pressure drop and normal air velocity of pleated filters during dust loading.

Chen et al. [3] carried out theoretical analysis of the thermal performance of a plate heat exchanger at various chevron angles and mass flow rates using lithium bromide solution with and without nanoparticles and established a simulation model for the heat transfer performance.
Lee and Lee [5] carried out an unsteady numerical analysis using large-eddy simulation to investigate the fluid flow in chevron-type plate heat exchangers.
Kanaris et al. [6] used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code to simulate the performance of a PHE model comprised of herringbone design stainless steel plates for single-pass counter current flow and validated the code by comparing with experimental data on pressure drop and overall temperature differences acquired for the counter current flow of water at both sides of the model PHE.
(1) (2) Results and Discussion A computer simulation program has been written in MATLAB based on the above analysis and results obtained are discussed in this section.
Paras, Flow and Heat Transfer in a Corrugated Plate heat Exchanger using a CFD code, Chem.

Design of Ocean Data Buoys Based on CFD Qiuhong Songa, Xin Tangb,Yamei Lanc and Yongcheng Liangd ShanghaiOceanUniversity,Institute of Engineering China aqhsong@shou.edu, bsinkytang@yahoo.com.cn, cymlan@shou.edu.
After comparing the theoretical values and simulation values, the need of changing is necessary.
Numerical Analysis and Simulation Software Numerical Analysis Supposing type H23 buoy as a boat whose length is 6, high is 2, weight is11.25, angle of pressure wave board and the horizontal is 30°.
In the simulation, the change of the gas-liquid interface (free surface) is a process of stabilizing.
Fluid engineering simulation calculation and analysis, Beijing Institute of Technology Press,(2009),p. 92-93.

Currently, researchers studied air movement characteristics within the enclosed space mainly through numerical simulation, which was a low-cost, short-cycle and data-rich method, the flow characteristics can be found through the simulation data.
Nielsen P.V. applied CFD (computational fluid dynamics) technology to the field of HVAC (Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning) Engineering firstly, he predicted the indoor air flow, and then designed airflow.
Fig.1 Welding shop model Numerical simulation parameters: CO2 gas flow is 17 ml/min, each welder normally generates CO at the rate of 170 mg/min [8].Conventional inlet size is 2.0m×2.0m, outlet in the workshop is 0.3m.
[4] Qingyan Chen, Weiran Xu, A zero-equation turbulence model for indoor air flow simulation [J].
[9] Weiran Xu, New Turbulence Models for Indoor Air Flow Simulation [D].

Using the FLUENT 6.3 CFD software，the RNG k-ε turbulence model and SI MPLE algorithm，the sewage treatment pool where a submersible mixer with two leaves was numerically simulated by describing the surface as wall，VOF model and rigid-lid assumption respectively.
The distribution graph of the three numerical simulation velocity is basically the same.
From the three numerical simulation, when z=-0.0375m, the velocity is accordant, shown as double hump shape.
Numerical Simulation of Three Dimensional Flow andIts Application in Hydraulic Engineering[D].
Numerical simulation of submersible mixer with three blades[J].

The simulations were carried out with software FLUENT at differential pressure, different valve port openings, and then the variation of the steady hydrodynamic force can be obtained.
From the simulation results, it can be seen that the direction of the steady hydrodynamic force is opposite to the movement of the valve spool.
Conclusions In this paper, static simulation of spool valve under different conditions has been carried out, so the steady hydrodynamic force can be obtained by theoretical derivation and simulation.
[2] Lei Zhao: CFD Simulation of Hydraulic Spool Valve Internal Flow Field in Spool Movement Process.
[5] Zhanahong Han, Jing Wang: Simulation and Application in Fluid Engineering with Fluent.

In this study, numerical simulation analysis was done by using the computing fluid dynamics (CFD) software, Star-CCM+.
Prior to the simulation, each model was developed and designed.
The simulation for this study uses injector nozzle which contain 8, 11 and 14 holes.
Figure 2 shows the velocity contours which was produced by each of the injector nozzle when running the simulation.
Based on these simulations, nozzle with a higher number of holes and smaller in diameter was found to be a better design.

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was performed to determine and visualize the flow distribution and development for multilayer structure.
The simulation can be used to optimize the design of stirring rod prior to actual implementation.
An experimental apparatus was designed and constructed based on the results of the simulation.
Table 1 Parameters of stirring rod in the simulation.
Flow simulation study The influence of stirring rod on the flow development in an apparatus was accessed by CFD software (Solidworks Flow Simulation® 2015, Applicad).

A numerical simulation is used to evaluate the curvature effects of the wall on features of the interaction between discrete jets and cross flow, and therefore on the efficiency of the cooling.
The simulations were performed with a jet Reynolds number equal to 5.105 and with an blowing ratio R = 0.6.
Figure 3: Domaine de mesures et de calcul Mathematical Formulation In order to understand the physics of the experimentally flows in interaction, CFD work was carried out.
These three types are: The inlet jet, The far flow from the blade, and The wall parts of the blade.The modelled transport equations were solved using a two-dimensional CFD FLUENT6.0 code based on the SIMPLER algorithm.
Large-Eddy Simulation of a Round Jet in Cross.