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Aus der Wiesche [8, 9] performed Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations using the k-ε turbulence model and Large Eddy Simulations (LES) to investigate the aerodynamics and thethermal behavior of single thin rotating discs in air cross flow with regard to heat transfer of disc brakes.
By using RANS simulations with the k-ω-SST turbulence model the simulations were carried out for three different disc sizes with a constant shaft radius, Rd/Rs ∈ {3; 4; 5} in the range of 94, 094 < Reω < 435, 623 and 3, 993 < ReU < 36, 052 for 0.07 ≤ α ≤ 0.2.
In the simulation air is specifiedRs Rd ds ω U U Fig. 1: Schematic of rotating discs with sealing elements as ideal gas.
The mean Nusselt number Num is Num = hmRd λ = ˙qmRd λ(Td − T∞). (5) The governing equations mentioned above are discretized with the finite-volume-method and solved numerically with a high-resolution-method within the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software ANSYS CFX® (version 17.0).
Since only half of the simulation domain was created, symmetry conditions were set on the outer sides.

CFD Modeling Based on the columnar gap flow of immersion liquid, the three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is established to predict the liquid renovation and normal stress on lens for wafer scanning, shown in Fig. 2.
Then the simulation is conducted by the software Fluent 6.3 with three-dimensional, pressure-based, steady flow and standard k-ε model, and the key parameters used in the models are listed in Table 1 Table 1.

By the Theory of Wind Turbine Design [6-7] and the CFD, X-foil numerical simulation analysis, the horizontal turbine was optimized, and its final basic structural parameters were listed in Table 1.
The Darrieus wind turbine: Proposal for a new performance prediction model based on CFD[J].

The water pressure distribution of the blade surface of the impeller is obtained, which is more accurately than previous calculations [1], by the interior flow field CFD analysis on the high-pressure small-flow centrifugal pump, and the water pressure in the interfaces is transferred into the corresponding surfaces of the structure field by the One-way Fluid-structure Interaction technique.
The mesh quality is one of the key factors in the CFD calculation, which affects directly the accuracy of numerical calculation, and even the success or failure of computing problems[3].
Simulation results show that: under the water stress, the maximum deformation occurs on the brink of the blade, the maximum equivalent stress occurs at the liner near the blade pressure surface

Table 1deomstrates an excellent comparison of the average Nusselt number at the walls of the lid-driven cavity with two cylinders located along the horizontal centerline between the present results and that of Nek5000 CFD solver (Open-source solver; Argonne National Laboratory).
Comparison of the average Nusselt number at the walls of the lid-driven cavity with two cylinders located along the horizontal centerline between the present results and that of Nek5000 CFD solver (Re = 100, Pr = 0.7, ro/H = 0.2) Isothermal Hot Cylinder- Adiabatic Cylinder Ri Present* Nek5000+ %Relative Error 0.01 10.1 9.79 3.1 1 10.3 9.81 4.8 10 11.15 10.72 3.9 Results and Discussion Figure 2 shows the effect of the presence of the circular cylinders in the lid-driven cavity for various Richardson numbers and different thermal boundary conditions of the cylinders.
The Re number, Pr and ro/H were kept constant at 100, 0.7 and 0.2, respectively for these simulations.

CFD Analysis of the Twin Inclined Injection Flows in an Axi-Symmetric Duct along with Main Turbulent Flow Debajit Saha1, a* and Snehamoy Majumder 2, b 1, 2 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India adebajit.saha1986@gmail.com, bsrg_maj@yahoo.com Keywords: Turbulent flow, model, 1/7th turbulent velocity profile, Streamline curvature, Twin inclined injection, Flow visualization Abstract A numerical simulation has been carried out to study the effects of twin inclined side mass injection with cross flow through a circular duct using modified model, considering streamline curvature effects by modifying the model constants. 1/7th turbulent velocity profile has been taken at the inlet.
Ting-ting and L Shao-hua: Numerical simulation of turbulent jets with lateral injection into a crossflow, Journal of Hydrodynamics, 18 (3), (2006), 319-323
Saha and P.Das: Numerical simulation of twin turbulent side mass injection into a cross flow through a circular duct, Int.

Recently, this work was rewritten by Dodge [4], in which numerical methods were updated using more efficient simulation codes.
Numerical simulations are performed using the commercial CFDsolver ANSYS-Fluent that is based on thevolume-of-fluid technique.
The simulation model along with the computational grid is shown in Figure 1.
Thus, an upwind scheme with the Piecewise Linear Interface Construction method (PLIC) for the surface reconstruction is adopted in the simulation.
When H/r<1, damping ratio larger than 1; when H/r>1, damping ratio is approach 1. 2) When take into account four influence factor, using VOF method can calculated the sloshing damping effectively. 3) Due to the complexity of liquid sloshing in a tank and the difficulty of getting experimental data for sloshing in a low-g environment, Numerical simulations using CFD can be used as an effective design/analysis tool.

Numerical Simulation Of Burner For Micro Gas Turbine Jia Lei,Liu Shi,Huang Yaosong,Wang Neng,Wang Fuzhen,Li Zhihong Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering Institute, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China, 102206 Jialei1025@126.com Keywords:Micro gas turbine; Oxy-fuel combustion; Burner; Numerical simulation; Fluent Abstract.
Numerical simulation was used to study flow field and combustion conditions.
Computational fluid dynamics simulation is a important method of testing performance of burners [3].Condition of flow field and temperature filed can be forecasted through simulation, thereby providing guidance for optimization of burners.
Duty methane 2.duty air 3.main methane 4.primary main air 5.Secondary main air 6.axial swirl burner A 7.axial swirl burner B 8.outer wall of combustion chamber Table 1 Tilt angle of axial swirl burners Burner swirler A swirler B Ⅰ 30° 30° Ⅱ 40° 40° Ⅲ 50° 50° Table 2 Parameters of axial swirlers Prameter swirler A swirler B Internal diameter (mm) 5 20 External diameter(mm) 12 34 Blade number 6 12 Blade thickness (mm) 0.5 0.5 Numerical Simulation Numerical Simulation was carried out by computational fluid dynamics software Fluent.
[6] Dudebout R，Reynolds B，Molla-Hosseini K．Integrated Process for CFD modeling and optimization of gas turbine combustors [C]．Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2004：Power for Land，Sea and Air，Vienna，Austria，2004

Rahbar and Esfahani [7] applied 2-D CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation in estimating the hourly yield of a single-slope solar still and found that the CFD analysis is used to identify the Nusselt number.
A time step of 60 seconds is used in the simulation.

The main research method was the numerical simulation of three dimensional.
Krutka et al[12,13] first made study on air flow field in MB with dual slots by CFD, and acquired the velocity contour and vector diagram.
In the following, this characteristic was exhibited through numerical simulation method.
Numerical Simulation HS die[12] was selected in this work.
Conclusions Through numerical simulation method, three dimensional air flow field was obtained in MB with dual slot jets.