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Among them, chemical reduction method has many advantages such as simple process, lower request for instruments, wide raw materials.
Experimental The materials used in the experiment are all analytically pure with no further treatment.
Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2008, 3209–3215
Journal of Catalysis Volume 270, Issue 1, 22 March 2010, Pages 86-94
Science 294, 1901(2001).

The preparation of aluminum-bronze/steel duplex metal by loose sintering Qi Yang1,a, Shun Huang1, Jintian Chen2, Guangzhi He2, Guozheng Yan3 1 School of Materials Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620 2 Shanghai Hewei Industrial Corporation Limited, Shanghai 201615 3 Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240 aemail: qiiyang@163.com Keywords: aluminum-bronze; acidwashing; duplex metal; sintering Abstract: Aluminum-bronze/steel duplex metal has been prepared by aluminum-bronze powder whose compact oxide film was removed by dilute HCl solution before sintering.
Introduction In recent years, copper-lead alloy/steel duplex metal used as slide bearing materials was limited in the worldwide because of lead pollution.
We also appreciate the help of University Student Innovation Program of Shanghai University of Engineering Science (No.
Callcut: Metals and Materials Vol. 5 (1989), P. 128 [2] M.
Huang: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 140 (2003), p.625 [5] P.

Introduction During the process of machining titanium and other difficult materials, the selection of tool material and geometric parameters are essential for decreased production costs and increased productivity.
The solid carbide three teeth end mill is used during the milling process simulation, the cutting tool materials is YG8, the tool diameter is Φ10mm, and the relief angle is 15 °. 
The material of workpiece is Ti-6Al-4V. 
Ouzel: International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture.
[5] Yingning Hu, Chengyong Wang, Huawei Zhang, Huining Liu: Journal of Mechanical Strength.

Introduction It is of great importance to characterize the properties of viscoelastic materials in order to use them in engineering applications[1].
On traditional test of dynamic response of viscoelastic materials, if we used the strain of somewhere in the bar instead of that contacted with the surface of test specimen and adopted the method of two-wave or three-wave to deal with formulas of stress, strain and strain-rate, it would be bound to bring deviation to the experimental result due to the effect of attenuation and dispersion.
Fig.6 Predicted waveform and actual waveform Fig.7 Comparison of two waveforms Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11272300) and postgraduate innovation fund project by Southwest University of Science and Technology (14ycxjj0082).
Non-parametric identification of viscoelastic materials from wave propagation experiments[J].Automatica,2001,37:25-53 [2] BaconC.
Journal of Sichuan Normal University，2005，28(3): 336-339 [5] S.K Lee.

Materials which have these properties are electro-active polymers.
This material has low impact resistance.
Experimental Materials The acrylic elastomer (VHB 4905 tape, 3M, USA) was used as main matrix polymer.
Acknowledgements This research was carried out under the World Class University Program of the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation, funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (R33-2008-000-10016-0).
docId=696450&mobile&categoryId=432 [2] Sangbok Lee, Jinwoo Lee, Wonoh Lee, Je-uk Lee, Munkwang Um, Electro-active polymer composite technology and applications, Journal of Mechanics and material, Vol. 23-2 (2011), p54-65

Flexible Rolling Theory Flexible rolling method is a special rolling method. work rolls should choose small diameter and high-strength materials.
When the sheet material has a larger Gaussian curvature, the plate material has significant deformation.
Acknowledgements This work here was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51275202).The authors appreciate the continuing encouragement and support of the program.
Multi-point forming: a flexible manufacturing method for a 3-d surface sheet [J], Journal of Materials Processing Technology 1999 (87): 277-280 [4] LI Mingzhe, HU Zhiqing, CAI Zhongyi, GONG xuepeng, Method of Multipoint Continuous Forming for the FreeForm Surface Parts [J].
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2007, 43(12):155-159

Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Sm3+ in Bismuth Borate Glass Suwat Rakpanich1,a, Natthakridta Chanthima2,a, HongJoo Kim3,b, Mitra Djamal4,c, Pichet Limsuwan1,5,d, Jakrapong Kaewkhao2,5,a,* 1Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand 2Center of Excellence in Glass Technology and Materials Science (CEGM), Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand 3Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea 4Theoretical High Energy Physics and Instrumentation Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl.
These glasses have potential applications in the field of glass ceramics, layers for optical and electronic devices, thermal and mechanical sensor, reflecting windows, and superconducting materials [2].
Kishore, Effect of Bi2O3 content on the optical band gap, density and electrical conductivity of MO·Bi2O3·B2O3 (M = Ba, Sr) glasses, Materials Chemistry and Physics. 90 (2005) 83–89
Lakshminarayana, Rong Yang, Mengfei Mao, Jianrong Qiu, Spectral analysis of RE3+ (RE = Sm, Dy, and Tm): P2O5–Al2O3–Na2O glasses, Optical Materials. 31 (2009) 1506–1512
[5] Tirtha Som, Basudeb Karmakar, Infrared-to-red upconversion luminescence in samarium-doped antimony glasses, Journal of Luminescence. 128 (2008) 1989–1996 [6] K.S.V.

The properties of Cu-TSV in micro scale are surely quite different from those of bulk copper, since they are not only affected by material scale, but also by fabrication process [3].
Acknowledgements This research is supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (No. 2011ZX02702-003) and the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation（50977056）.
[3] SUN Jun, LIU Gang, DING Xiangdong, Progress in the Size-Dependent Mechanical Properties of Cu Films at Mesoscale, MATERIALS CHINA. 28 (2009) 49-53
Vlassaka, The mechanical properties of freestanding electroplated Cu thin films, Journal of materials research. 21 (2006) 1607-1618
[6] LIU R, LI X P, WANG H, et al , A micro-tensile method for measuring mechanical properties of MEMS materials, Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. 18（2008）065002-065009.

Water cavitation technique can be applied to modify the surface strength of materials as an attractive new peening route.
Introduction Water cavitation technology could be applied in modifying the strength of materials surface as an attractive new peening technology.
It has been verified that the compressive residual stress can increase the fatigue life of materials.
Journal, Ser.
Babu: IE(I) Journal, Vol.84 (2003), p.19 [8] D.Y.

Wei 4,d 1School of Material Science and Engineering.
Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China 2Henan Key Lab. of Advanced Non-Ferrous Materials, Luoyang 471003, China 3Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Luoyang 471039, China 4National Key Lab. for Precision Hot Processing of Metal.
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, Vol. 32 (2008), p. 518
Materials Letters, Vol. 57 (2003), p. 3234
Materials Letters, Vol. 57 (2003), p. 1970