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Online since: February 2019
Authors: Vitaly Smolko, Elizaveta Antoshkina
The modification of the sand surface by means of mechanical beneficiation and ultrasonic treatment leads to reduction of complex dielectric permittivity and specific surface, thus contributing to the increase of the active centers quantity on the sands surface.
The experimental data and the calculations have demonstrated that the sands activation by means of mechanical benificiation leads to reduction of S by 5–8 %; the ultrasonic treatment with 5 minutes duration and 15 kHz frequency – by 10–14 %.
This is of great significance when using such sands in chemically set mixes, since it leads to reduction of the bonds consumption and contributes to the gas emission reduction when heating.
The studies have been accomplished for determination of the specific surface, , sands porosity, and some regularities have been determined in how the impurities and moisture can influence the parameters .The equation has been obtained for calculation of for the various quartz sands disperse systems, which provides for evaluation of this value with 5–12 % error from the experimental data and takes the effect of moisture, specific surface, porosity, impurities content into consideration.
The modification of the sand surface by means of mechanical beneficiation and the ultrasonic treatment leads to reduction of complex dielectric permittivity and specific surface, thus contributing to the increase of the active centers quantity on the sands surface.
The experimental data and the calculations have demonstrated that the sands activation by means of mechanical benificiation leads to reduction of S by 5–8 %; the ultrasonic treatment with 5 minutes duration and 15 kHz frequency – by 10–14 %.
This is of great significance when using such sands in chemically set mixes, since it leads to reduction of the bonds consumption and contributes to the gas emission reduction when heating.
The studies have been accomplished for determination of the specific surface, , sands porosity, and some regularities have been determined in how the impurities and moisture can influence the parameters .The equation has been obtained for calculation of for the various quartz sands disperse systems, which provides for evaluation of this value with 5–12 % error from the experimental data and takes the effect of moisture, specific surface, porosity, impurities content into consideration.
The modification of the sand surface by means of mechanical beneficiation and the ultrasonic treatment leads to reduction of complex dielectric permittivity and specific surface, thus contributing to the increase of the active centers quantity on the sands surface.
Online since: August 2017
Authors: Tomasz Pawlik, Malgorzata Sopicka-Lizer, Daniel Michalik, Radosław Lisiecki
The aim of this research was to find out the way of the synthesis temperature reduction without deterioration of the phosphors optical properties.
Ca,Eu-a-sialon phosphor can be synthesized by the use of solid-state reaction of the mixture of the relevant nitrides and oxides [1], carbothermal reduction and nitridation [2], by gas-reduction and nitridation [3], gas-pressed sintering [4] or by microwave sintering [5].
It shows the phase composition and lattice parameters in comparison to the reference JCPDS#84-0785 data for Ca-a-sialon with m=1.3 and n=0.7 and Eu-a-sialon with m=0.67 and n=0.325.
The presented data do not explain the actual amount of nitrogen in tested sialon phosphors but the blue shift of the emission spectra of the AN-F specimen could be related to a higher oxygen content since it is accepted that the large crystal field splitting induced by the polarizing N3- anion reduces the energy difference between the ground state and the excited state of the RE ions shifting the excitation and emission bands to lower energies [12].
Xie et al., Fine yellow alpha-SiAlON:Eu phosphors for white LEDs prepared by the gas-reduction-nitridation method, Sci.
Ca,Eu-a-sialon phosphor can be synthesized by the use of solid-state reaction of the mixture of the relevant nitrides and oxides [1], carbothermal reduction and nitridation [2], by gas-reduction and nitridation [3], gas-pressed sintering [4] or by microwave sintering [5].
It shows the phase composition and lattice parameters in comparison to the reference JCPDS#84-0785 data for Ca-a-sialon with m=1.3 and n=0.7 and Eu-a-sialon with m=0.67 and n=0.325.
The presented data do not explain the actual amount of nitrogen in tested sialon phosphors but the blue shift of the emission spectra of the AN-F specimen could be related to a higher oxygen content since it is accepted that the large crystal field splitting induced by the polarizing N3- anion reduces the energy difference between the ground state and the excited state of the RE ions shifting the excitation and emission bands to lower energies [12].
Xie et al., Fine yellow alpha-SiAlON:Eu phosphors for white LEDs prepared by the gas-reduction-nitridation method, Sci.
Online since: February 2025
Authors: Thomas Rivaldo Prasetya, Damar Widjaja
The average data error rate is 0,21%.
This weight reduction is exceeding the target of this study, which is 50% weight reduction.
Data Transmission Delay.
Data error rate refers to how often errors occur in sending or receiving data between the serial monitor and the data.
The average data error rate is 0,21%.
This weight reduction is exceeding the target of this study, which is 50% weight reduction.
Data Transmission Delay.
Data error rate refers to how often errors occur in sending or receiving data between the serial monitor and the data.
The average data error rate is 0,21%.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Shuang Xi Liu, Hai Fu Guo, Xiang Ying Hao, Cui Zhang
Characterization of the catalysts
Powder XRD data were collected on a Rigaku D/max-2500 X-ray diffractometer (40 mV and 100mA) with monochromatized CuKα radiation.
The resulting composites were analyzed by ICP-AES with resultant data listed in Table 1.
Table 1 Effects on the loading by different alkali sources Molecular sieves Alkali source CuO Cont. (%) MOR ammonia urea 14.8 16.8 zeolite β ammonia urea 9.95 12.2 Table 2 ICP-AES analytical data of the samples with and without the ultrasonic wash Molecular sieves CuO Cont.
Fig. 9 XRD patterns of samples treated with ammonia (a) CuO/β prepared without ultrasonic washing (b) CuO/β prepared with ultrasonic washing c) CuO Fig. 10 The TPR profile of CuO/MOR with different CuO amount (a) 8.26% (b) 11.7% (c) 16.8% The ICP-AES analytical data of the samples with and without ultrasonic wash treatment are given in Table 2.
The peak at 843K reflects the reduction of the Cu+ situated in the framework.
The resulting composites were analyzed by ICP-AES with resultant data listed in Table 1.
Table 1 Effects on the loading by different alkali sources Molecular sieves Alkali source CuO Cont. (%) MOR ammonia urea 14.8 16.8 zeolite β ammonia urea 9.95 12.2 Table 2 ICP-AES analytical data of the samples with and without the ultrasonic wash Molecular sieves CuO Cont.
Fig. 9 XRD patterns of samples treated with ammonia (a) CuO/β prepared without ultrasonic washing (b) CuO/β prepared with ultrasonic washing c) CuO Fig. 10 The TPR profile of CuO/MOR with different CuO amount (a) 8.26% (b) 11.7% (c) 16.8% The ICP-AES analytical data of the samples with and without ultrasonic wash treatment are given in Table 2.
The peak at 843K reflects the reduction of the Cu+ situated in the framework.
Online since: April 2015
Authors: Dmitry А. Chinakhov, D.P. Ilyashchenko, Yu.M. Gotovshchik
It was established that inverter power supplies (as they reduce peak loading) provide better quality of welds (more stable process, lower amount of spatter) and this reduces the fabrication cost due to the reduction of deseaming operations, lower welding material consumption as well as improving the service reliability of the welding constructions.
Analysis of the experimental data allowed describing the obtained dependence (within the welding current range 80-120 A) by the following mathematical equation: Y = аI2 + bI + c, (4) where a, b, c - empirical coefficients (presented in Table 1) Table 1 Empirical coefficients of the equation (1) Make the electrode Diode rectifier Inverter a b c a b c LB-52U 0.0007 –0.115 8.86 0.003 –0.677 30.67 Stability of the welding process also influences the distribution of microhardness in the various areas of weld joints.
Summary The results of the study demonstrate that inverter power supplies provide high quality of welding (more stable process, lower spatter amount) and this reduces the production cost of the product due to reduction of deseaming operations, economizing on the welding material.
Sokolov, The methods of spatter reduction when welding in СО2, Engineering technology, 5 (2005) 24 – 30
Sapozhkov, Spatter when manual arc welding with coated electrodes and ways of its reduction, Welding production, 12 (2007) 28–31
Analysis of the experimental data allowed describing the obtained dependence (within the welding current range 80-120 A) by the following mathematical equation: Y = аI2 + bI + c, (4) where a, b, c - empirical coefficients (presented in Table 1) Table 1 Empirical coefficients of the equation (1) Make the electrode Diode rectifier Inverter a b c a b c LB-52U 0.0007 –0.115 8.86 0.003 –0.677 30.67 Stability of the welding process also influences the distribution of microhardness in the various areas of weld joints.
Summary The results of the study demonstrate that inverter power supplies provide high quality of welding (more stable process, lower spatter amount) and this reduces the production cost of the product due to reduction of deseaming operations, economizing on the welding material.
Sokolov, The methods of spatter reduction when welding in СО2, Engineering technology, 5 (2005) 24 – 30
Sapozhkov, Spatter when manual arc welding with coated electrodes and ways of its reduction, Welding production, 12 (2007) 28–31
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Hai Yun Wang, Jie Deng, Ke He, Zhen Hua Wang
From the water with its own carrying capacity to solve water pollution problems for the overall idea of the "second five" national environmental monitoring network project as the goal, the amount of data that the water environment and increase the size of most, to make environmental information and data to meet the water environment carrying ability to control the need to establish for the major watershed and the hydrology and water quality requirements of water environment information for Space Data Systems, constitute the basis of water quality information system platform, the scientific use and control of water environment carrying capacity, water, environmental protection goals.
The status quo of China's water environment information system At present, China's environmental spatial data production, especially in some major cities in environmental monitoring and information system to provide data production has been basically formed a complete network operating system.
In particular, the data is constantly updated content platform structure to adapt to the water environment carrying capacity of the control requirements.
Strengthen regulation of the water environment carrying capacity based database development, application 3DS, network technology, automatic monitoring technology[5], focused on solving a large number of hydrological years, water quality data is scattered, the structure of a data processing application difficult problem of low efficiency, improve the water environment carrying capacity of the calculation accuracy and timeliness Establish control for the water environment carrying capacity of the service quality assurance data base systems and quality control standards to ensure the water environment information data collection, processing, use of "planning" requirements, submission of the results conclusions are accurate.
References [1] Wang Shucheng, water environment carrying capacity analysis and control, the Chinese Hydraulic Engineering Society 70th Anniversary Conference Report, 2001 [2] Espinose.Roberto A Set of Experiments to Consider Data Quality Criteria in Classification Techniques for Data Mining, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, v 6783 LNCS, n PART 2, p 680-694, 2011, Computational Science and Its Applications, ICCSA 2011 - International Conference
The status quo of China's water environment information system At present, China's environmental spatial data production, especially in some major cities in environmental monitoring and information system to provide data production has been basically formed a complete network operating system.
In particular, the data is constantly updated content platform structure to adapt to the water environment carrying capacity of the control requirements.
Strengthen regulation of the water environment carrying capacity based database development, application 3DS, network technology, automatic monitoring technology[5], focused on solving a large number of hydrological years, water quality data is scattered, the structure of a data processing application difficult problem of low efficiency, improve the water environment carrying capacity of the calculation accuracy and timeliness Establish control for the water environment carrying capacity of the service quality assurance data base systems and quality control standards to ensure the water environment information data collection, processing, use of "planning" requirements, submission of the results conclusions are accurate.
References [1] Wang Shucheng, water environment carrying capacity analysis and control, the Chinese Hydraulic Engineering Society 70th Anniversary Conference Report, 2001 [2] Espinose.Roberto A Set of Experiments to Consider Data Quality Criteria in Classification Techniques for Data Mining, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, v 6783 LNCS, n PART 2, p 680-694, 2011, Computational Science and Its Applications, ICCSA 2011 - International Conference
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Chin Kian Liew, T.J. Shelley
One of the major advantages of using wavelet analysis, as previously discussed, is the capability of the analysis to retain the time domain data while also providing effective reductions in noise.
It should be noted that the lines plotted are generated through discrete data points and not a continuous set of data points as it is more difficult to identify differences in the trends between the baseline and damage response signals with single data points.
Even though Fig. 11 provides useful comparative data it is not the focus of this study.
With more data, the trend of the Damage Index with impact energies can be further analysed
[7] Hexcel, "HexPly M18/1 180 degree C Curing Epoxy Matrix - Product Data," in Prepreg Data Sheets, Hexcel, Ed., ed.
It should be noted that the lines plotted are generated through discrete data points and not a continuous set of data points as it is more difficult to identify differences in the trends between the baseline and damage response signals with single data points.
Even though Fig. 11 provides useful comparative data it is not the focus of this study.
With more data, the trend of the Damage Index with impact energies can be further analysed
[7] Hexcel, "HexPly M18/1 180 degree C Curing Epoxy Matrix - Product Data," in Prepreg Data Sheets, Hexcel, Ed., ed.
Online since: January 2005
Authors: Woo Seog Ryu, Hyun Hie Kim, Kee Bong Yoon, Woo Gon Kim
Kim's data are for type 316LN produced for a LMR in Korea.
Materials Data source Temp.
The D and q values were obtained by the best fitting of the data.
It is identified that all the data points are placed within a small scatter band.
When Yagi's and Tabuchi's data for type 316SS are used, the reduction of area was in the 20-70% ranges.
Materials Data source Temp.
The D and q values were obtained by the best fitting of the data.
It is identified that all the data points are placed within a small scatter band.
When Yagi's and Tabuchi's data for type 316SS are used, the reduction of area was in the 20-70% ranges.
Online since: October 2020
Authors: Eriek Wahyu Restu Widodo, Vuri Ayu Setyowati, Mohammad Yusuf Sulaiman, Lukman Noerochim, Diah Susanti
The existence of a reduction peak shows that it can occur in oxygen reduction reactions [14].
The absence of reduction and oxidation peaks of catalyst indicate no reduction and oxidation reaction and free ligands cannot be attributed to metal centers [11, 16].
The qualitative data of CV measurement can be shown in Table 1.
Data was given by CV measurement Sample Capacity (F) Ep.
FeS has no positive effect on oxygen reduction reaction [12, 22].
The absence of reduction and oxidation peaks of catalyst indicate no reduction and oxidation reaction and free ligands cannot be attributed to metal centers [11, 16].
The qualitative data of CV measurement can be shown in Table 1.
Data was given by CV measurement Sample Capacity (F) Ep.
FeS has no positive effect on oxygen reduction reaction [12, 22].
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Jian Xu
Rough Set Theory Poland Z.Pawlak professor, it is a data analysis tool.
However, the two problems: the best reduction is not unique and reduction computation time.
Rough set theory in data mining because of its classification ability of the tolerable limit Β.
Rough set theory is in order to analyze the facts hidden in the data without the need for any additional information about the data.
The basic algorithm can be obtained all of the reduction, but only suitable for very small data sets.
However, the two problems: the best reduction is not unique and reduction computation time.
Rough set theory in data mining because of its classification ability of the tolerable limit Β.
Rough set theory is in order to analyze the facts hidden in the data without the need for any additional information about the data.
The basic algorithm can be obtained all of the reduction, but only suitable for very small data sets.