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This volume of the journal contains papers presented at the 4th International Conference on Frontiers of Composite Materials (ICFCM 2019, Brisbane, Australia, November 13-16, 2019) and the 4th International Conference on Energy Engineering and Smart Materials (ICEESM 2019, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Ireland, June 22-24, 2019).
It reflects the modern trends in the area of development of modern composite materials, technologies of chemical production, building materials and materials for microelectronics, and also for energy production and storage.
This collection will be useful for specialists from many branches of engineering sciences and modern production.
Composites, Metal Matrix Composites, Polymer Composites, Nanocomposites, Thin Films, Membranes, Porous Silicon, Biomaterials, Protein Nanoparticles, Wound Dressing, Solar Cell, Fuel Cell, Surface Morphology, Building Materials, Cement, Concrete, Computational Materials Science

We present for our readers the 33rd volume of the International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa which contains articles describing the results of engineering research and solutions in the fields of the applied mechanics, research of materials and processing technologies in the mechanical engineering, construction materials and technologies, equipment design, power electronics, power distribution, technological processes in the chemical production, environmental engineering and engineering management.
The articles will be useful for the professionals concerned with mechanical engineering, materials science, chemical engineering, power production and engineering management as well as for academic teachers and students majoring in these fields of engineering science.
Applied Mechanics, Optimal Designing, Processing Technologies, Bio- and Chemical Technologies, Environmental Engineering, Power Electronics, Optimal Power Distribution, Materials and Technologies in Construction, Engineering Management

The 41st volume of the Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials presents articles that analyse distinct melting models of aluminium, silver, gold and lead nanoparticles and the photocatalytic (dye degradation) activity of green synthesised paramagnetic nanoparticles for the water purification process, synthesis method of nanocomposite coating for corrosion protection, preparation of silver-graphene oxide nanocomposite for antibacterial applications and manganese-doped copper sulphide nanoparticles for thin film application.
The presented publication will be helpful to many specialists in applied materials science and nanotechnologies.

Experimental Investigation on Cavitation Characteristics of a Three-Groove Journal Bearing Ying Yang1,a, Jinghua Dai2.b 1College of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China ,415000 2Library of Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China, 415000 aying0729@gmail.com, bjinghua0829@gmail.com Keywords: Three-groove journal bearing; Cavitation shape; Number of cavitation strip Abstract.
On the journal bearing experiment rig the cavitation characteristics of the three-groove journal beaing were studied.
For observing clearly the cavitation shape, the material of the experimantal bearing is plexiglass.
Acknowledgments The authors are grateful for the support of the Project Supported by the Education Department of Hunan Province (No. 12C0819), the support of the Doctor Startup Project Supported by Hunan University of Arts and Science (No.
Oil Flow And Film Extent in Complete Journal Bearing.

The 29th volume of the International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa presents the articles which describe the results of engineering research and solutions in the fields of structural materials, building materials and construction technologies, applied dynamics of fluid and flow, chemical engineering, and engineering management of modern production.
The articles will be useful for professionals concerned with mechanical engineering, materials science, chemical engineering, engineering management and for students and academic teachers of the related specialties.
Contact Friction, Heat Transfer, Fluid Flow Dynamics, Semiconductors, Thin Films, Composites, Materials Processing, Building Materials, Construction Technologies, Bi-criteria Scheduling, Optimization, Maintenance Planning, Engineering Management

So, the working temperature of lubricating oil at oil outlet is expressed as p s i c pG tt )1(   (6) Finite Element Model of Hybrid Journal Bearing Material Properties of Bearing.
The material properties of the bearing are shown in Table 1.
Material Properties CuPb5Sn5Zn5 Steel 45 Density [kg/m3] 8800 7850 Thermal conductivity [W/m·℃] 398 50.2 Specific heat [J/kg·℃] 343 460 D [mm] L [mm] h0 [mm] No.2 Spindle Oil 80 80 0.03 cp [J/(kg·K)] ρ [kg/m3] 2000 810 Table 2 Parameters of hybrid journal bearing Fig.3 Geometrical model of hybrid journal bearing Fig.4 Element model of hybrid journal bearing Table 1 Material properties of hybrid journal bearing Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient. (1) Heat exchange between bearings and lubricating oil.
Acknowledgments This research was financially supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China under granted No. 2009ZX04014-014 and the Science and Technology Foundation of Liaoning Province of China under granted No. 20072030.
References [1] S.C.Xiu, P.B.Xiu and S.Q.Gao: Advanced Materials Research Vols. 69-70 (2009) pp 296-30 [2] X.

The 30th volume of the International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa presents the articles that describe the results of engineering research and solutions in the fields of applied mechanics, structural and building materials, materials and equipment for alternative and conventional energy engineering, chemical engineering, biotechnologies and engineering management of modern production.
The articles will be useful for professionals concerned with mechanical engineering, materials science, chemical engineering, engineering management as well as for academic teachers and students majoring in related fields.
Applied Mechanics, Numerical Modeling, Structural Materials, Equipments for Solar and Wind Energy Production, Power Quality, Biotechnology, Chemical Engineering, Production Performance of Production Line

Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy Applied to Materials Science and Engineering Farida A.
The high sensitivity of positrons to directly probe atomic scale defects revealing their structure and characteristics makes it a unique tool in materials science research covering all types of materials from hard to soft matter.
These two features make PAS an exceptional technique for a wide range of research in materials science.
The main use of positron spectroscopy of defects in materials science is to detect open volume defects.
Čížek, Characterization of lattice defects in metallic materials by positron annihilation spectroscopy: A review, Journal of Materials Science & Technology. 34 (2018) 577–598

(4) Defining the material properties.
Otherwise, the various material properties may also be defined as the functions of temperature considering demands.
Acknowledgment This research was financially supported by the Science and Technology Foundation of Liaoning Province of China under granted No. 20072030 and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under granted No. 50775032.
References [1] J.Shimizu,L.B.Zhou H.Eda:Journal of Materials Processing Technology,Vol.129(2002), pp.1924
[2] Q.W.Qu: Film Lubrication Theory, Science Press, Beijing, 2006

We are glad to provide our readers with the 43rd volume of International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa.
This volume contains articles describing the research results in the fields of materials science, mechanical engineering and control, communication and power supply in communication, construction materials and technologies, water treatment and biodiesel production, industrial engineering.
The articles will be useful for many engineers as well as for academic teachers and students majoring in these fields of engineering science.
Amorphous Polymer, Building Materials, Water Treatment, Kaolinite, Biodiesel, Cooking Oil, Screw Conveyor, Two-Wheeled Vehicle, Control, Digital Image Encryption Algorithm, Noise Attacks, 5G Networks, Base Station, Power Supply, Maintenance Activities, Optimization, Lean Manufacturing, Corporate Irresponsibility, Quality Management