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So a critical stress σf is defined that when the applied stress is less than it, the creep fracture will not occur, and when the applied stress is greater than it, the creep deformation will continue until the creep fracture in Curve 2, dashed line.This critical stress is called the long-term strength of materials [2].
At this point there is only one sticky component in the model, and its constitutive equation is: (10) It can be seen that the whole creep process of materials is expressed by the model.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the ShanDong Science Programe (2010GFS10607).
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering.
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering.

There is no available in-depth research on the hydrau-dynamic characteristics of the permeable spur dike filled by loose porous materials.
To suit the condition of river bed and flushing/sedimentation of Jing River, the permeable spur dike filled by loose materials is proposed in this regulation project.
Hydro-science and engineer.
Journal of Sediment Research.
Journal of basic science and engineering.

Introduction Along with the prominent development of UV detection technology, optoelectronic devices fabricated on wide band-gap materials has attracted much attention for both fundamental science and application.
Silicon carbide (SiC), a wide band-gap semiconductor, is an appropriate material for detection of UV radiation due to the excellent physical and electronic properties.
The UV incident power sets to 0.25 μW and wavelength dependent absorption coefficients are obtained from the published data in Ref. [8] and optical material database [9].
IEEE Sensors Journal, 2008, 8(3): 233-237 [3] Zhao X, Currie M, Cola A, Quaranta F, Gallo E, Spanier J.E and Nabet B, in: Time response of two-dimensional gas-based vertical field metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors[J] .
Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 2008, 11(2): 59-62 [8] Sridhara S.G, Devaty R.P and Choyke W.J, in: Absorption coefficient of 4H silicon carbide from 3900 to 3250 Å[J] .

Introduction Cold ring rolling is becoming advanced processing technology because of its many technical superiorities such as considerable saving in energy and material cost, high quality and high efficiency, etc．The establishment of bitten condition is very important for stable cold ring rolling.
Acknowledgements The authors thank the Wuhan Education Bureau University Science Research Key Project (No. 20070713) and Hubei Education Office Science and Technology Research Plan for Excellent Young Scholars(No.
[2] L.W Wang and W Zhu:Cold Ring Rolling Technology of Bear Grace Stock.Bear,Vol.1 (2002),p41 [3] L Hua and Z.Z Zhao:The Extremun Parameters in Ring Rolling．Journal of Materials Processing Technology,Vol.69 (1997):p273 [4] Z.J Zuo, L Hua, J Lan and D.S Qian:3D FEM Simulation and Technical Design of Profiled Cold Ring Rolling of Groove Ball Bearing Races．Proceedings of the 1st International Conference & 7th AUN/SEED～Net Field wise Seminar on Manufacturing and Material Processing, Kuala Lumpur,2006,3,p420 [5] H Utsunomiya, Y Saito and T Shinoda:Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Analysis of Cold Ring Rolling Process．Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol.125-126 (2002),p613 [6] L Hua, Z.J Zuo, J Lan, D.S Qian:Research on Following Motion Rule of Guide Roller in Cold Ring Rolling Groove Ball Race.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol.187-188 (2007),p743

This paper builds up cutting force model with material property considered on the basis of Oxley's cutting model, combining with Johnson-Cook's flow stress model at the same time.
When shearing stress chipk of chip parting surface obtained through material model is equal to shearing stress intτ obtained by force balance, shear angle gets maximal value.
Oxley: International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 44 (2001), pp. 557-580
Wang: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 139 (2003), pp. 332-336
Shih: International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 38 (1996), pp. 1-17

Fig. 5 Buried pipeline finally simplified model Examples Seawater temperature is 4˚C, the depth of pipeline 1m, pipeline length is 20 km, pipe diameter is 273 x 7 mm, crude oil temperature is 60 ˚C in the pipe, crude oil velocity are 1m/s \0.5m/s and 0.1m/s, thermal conductivity of crude oil is 0.14 W/(m.K), density of crude oil is 949 kg/m3, specific heat of oil is 2100J/(kg.K); Submarine silt sandy soil thermal conductivity is 7 W/(m.K), density of silt sandy soil is 2000 kg/m3, silt sandy soil specific heat capacity is 2500 J/(kg.K); thermal insulation layer thickness is 50 mm, thermal conductivity of insulation materials is 0.035 W/(m.K), density of insulation materials is 50 kg/m3, specific heat capacity of insulation materials is 1380 J/(kg.K) .
DYKFJJ2010-2), the major project from Education Department of Sichuan Province (No. 09ZA139) and Housing and urban and rural construction ministry of science and technology plan project (No. 2010-K6-30).
Journal of Xi＇an Shiyou University, 2005, 20（6）, 27-30.
Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2005, 34(2): 179-183(in Chinese) [3] LIU Xiaoyan; ZHAO Jun et al.
Journal of Jiangsu Polytechnic University, 2007, 19(4): 53-55(in Chinese) [6] PEI Guihong, ZhOU Wenshuo.

Mix design of Compaction-free Porous Concrete permeable base Yanping Sheng1,2, a, Haibin Li3,b, Bowen Guan1,2,c 1School of Materials Science and Engineering,Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China; 2 Engineering Research Center of Transportation Materials,Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710064, China; 3Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering ,Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710054, China asyp@chd.edu.cn bhaibinlee@126.com cguanbowen2001@163.com Keywords: Compaction-free；Porous concrete ；Permeable base；Mix design Abstract: Moisture damage is one of the main forms of early failure in the asphalt pavement.
Raw materials 32.5 P.
Journal of Tongji University:Natural Sci-ence,Vol.31(2)(2003),p.161-165 [3] SHENG Yan-ping.
Journal of Hebei University of Technology,Vol.36(6)(2007),p.99-105 [5] SHENG Yan-ping, CHEN Shuan-fa, LI Zhan-quan.
Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering.Vol.9(1)(2009),p.44-49 [7] Caijun Shi.

performance indicators are shown in Table 1; Experimental mixing proportion The mixing proportion of cement mortar, concrete and material usages of concrete in this experiment are shown in Table 5-7.
The technical parameters of recycled concrete powder which produced from the fine material below 5mm after grinding process, can achieve requirements of S95 level slag powder
Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition)，Vo.l 41 Supp.
The Necessity for Shaping Recycled Coarse Aggregate Particles, Journal of Qingdao Technological University, Vol.30 No.6 2009:25-29 [4] MAO Gao-feng, LI Yan-mei, WAN Ying-ying etc.
Effect of powder in recycled fine aggregate on compressive strength of recycled mortar, Journal of Southeast University (Natural Science Edition), Vo.l39 Sup (II), Nov.2009:279-282

DNA genetic regularity, movement process and the working principle of theory of key technology in its product design, patent technology, operation mechanism and the value of utility has certain opportunity, on product design, material, color, modelling function for DNA extraction, using the brand concept to shape and enhance brand image and product modeling design value.
II, Product modeling design of DNA extraction In product modeling design is in fact the shaping of the concept of brand designers using the shape, material, color, product features four categories of abstract symbol organic unifies in together the enterprise culture to express a kind of representational form (products) process.
But how to make the product modelling design consistent set up the enterprise brand image, you need to keep the shape of the product style, material, color for DNA extraction. 1.The product shape DNA extraction Consumers know about a product's first start from the appearance, and then to understand the internal structure and function of products, etc.
BMW's former cover as the iconic modelling of BMW models, in many models of more than 100 years, the modelling elements has not changed. 2.Product material DNA extraction Material selection of the standard is not itself the value of high and low, but to consider the performance characteristics of material itself and the features of the product structure and product using the environment factors, such as configuration material reasonably, make the material properties and product performance you can get the best play, will not harm on the environment is the best choice. 3.Product color of DNA extraction Color is the most direct expression of human visual symbol, for the transfer of the concept of brand has a distinct characteristics.
Reference In Chinese [1]He Yancai, 《Simple genetic engineering principle》[M], Science press, 1998 [2]Hu Chengduo, 《Brand product modeling strategy》[J], Private Economy of Science & Technology in China, 2008 [3] Lu Zhaolin, zhang yue, 《Research on Theory of Design DNA in Industrial Design》[J], Packaging engineering, 2009 [4] Feng Pei en, Chen Yong, Zhuang Shuai, Pan Shuang xia, 《Based on the conceptual design of product gene》[J], Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2002, [5] Wang Zichun, 《Product innovation design strategy based on product family DNA research》[D], Zhejiang University, 2007 [6] Chen Hanqing, 《Product Design》[M], Huazhong university of science & technology press, 2005

Introduction Sapphire materials have high thermal and chemical stability, which makes pattern machining difficult.
Taguchi: Journal of Light & Visual Environment Vol. 27 (2003), p. 140 [2] H.
Wang: Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 103 (2008), p. 014314 [3] Y.
Ueda: Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 43 (2004), p. 5809 [5] C.M.
Yeom: Materials Science and Engineering: B Vol. 82 (2001), p. 50 [10] T.