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Online since: January 2005
Authors: Shu Fen Chen, Zhi Jun Wu, Yi Zhao, Shi Yong Liu, Hui Shan Yang, Jingying Hou
Experimental Al LiF ITO Alq(50nm) NPB(50-dnm) m-MTDATA(dnm) Glass m-MTDATA Al Alq NPB -4.2eV -5.7eV -5.5eV -3.0eV -2.5eV -2.0eV -5.1eV -4.7eV ITO HOMO LUMO Figure 1.
The structure of the device is ITO/m-MTDATA (d nm) /NPB (50-dnm)/Alq3 (50nm)/LiF (0.5 nm)/Al (200 nm), where d = 0, 10, 20 or 30 nm, and the corresponding devices are named as devices 1-4.
Results and discussions The organic electroluminescent(EL) devices show pure green emission originating from Alq3.
Here the device 2 has achieved maximum EL efficiency of 4.30 cd/A, which is more than three times that of the device 1, as can also be seen in table 1.
Conclusion In summary, we have demonstrated efficient multilayer EL devices with well structure utilizing thick layer of a starburst amine compound m-MTDATA as an anode modification buffer layer.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Bao Hua Chang, Wei Xiong, Shu Sheng Gao
High accuracy 3d seismic can be observed using a wide azimuth according to the requirement of crack, fracture-vuggy reservoir interpretation (Wang, 2010); Well testing interpretation model for triple-medium in which fracture communicated with wellbore have been used in the fractured-vuggy reservoirs (Wang, Yao, etc, 2006; Wu, 2007); Many types of storage space and different combined types of fractured and vug results that fracture and vug is difficult to identify in fractured-vuggy reservoirs (Zhang, 2001; Zhang et al., 2004; Zhou, 2002).
The table 1 shows the flow pattern discriminant conditions of Beggs-Brill method, mainly including separated flow, transition flow, intermittent flow and dispersed flow: Table1 Flow pattern discriminant conditions Conditions Flow pattern El<0.01, NFrEl≥0.01, NFrEl≥0.01, L2< NFrEl<0.4,L3< NFr< L1 or El>0.4, L3< NFrEl<0.4, NFr≥L1 or El>0.4,NFr>L4 Dispersed flow Where: ; ; ; .
References [1] Wang Yanfeng, Wang Naijian, Gao Guocheng, et al.
S, Christine E E, Guan Qin, et al.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Qing Li Meng, Min Zheng Zhang, Jian Ye
Conclusion Figure.8 The comparison of control efficiency of displacement-El Centro wave Figure.6 The ratio of the peak stiffness value of MFAVS and AVS -qianan wave Figure.7 The comparison of control efficiency of acceleration-El Centro wave Figure 9 The ratio of the peak stiffness value of MFAVS and AVS-El Centro wave To sum up the above, the fuzzy control strategy is so effective that nearly the same control efficiency as sign control strategy could be taken by using less additional stiffness (damping).
Figure.4 The comparison of control efficiency of acceleration-qianan wave Figure.5 The comparison of control efficiency of displacement-qianan wave Figure.10 The comparison of control efficiency of acceleration-qianan wave Figure.12 The peak additional stiffness value and damping value of MFAVS and AVS-qianan wave Figure.13 The comparison of control efficiency of acceleration-El Centro wave Figure.14 The comparison of control efficiency of displacement-El Centro wave Figure.11 The comparison of control efficiency of displacement-qianan wave Figure.15 The peak additional stiffness value and damping value of MFAVS and AVS-El Centro wave References [1] G.
Housner et al, Structural Control: Past, Present, and Future, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol.123, No.11, 1997 [2] T.
Kobori, et al, Seismic response controlled structure with active variable stiffness systems, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol.22, 1993 [3] Goto,K.
Of the First World Conference on Structural Control, Los Angeles, USA, 1994 [4] Yomada, M., Goto,K., et al.
Online since: April 2015
Authors: A. El Hami, Mhamed Itmi, Norelislam El Hami
El Hami and A.
[5] El Hami and B.
Abo Al-kheer, A.
El-Hami, M.G.
[15] El Hami, G, Lallement, P.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: V.S. Gayathri, D. Gnana Prakash, K. Yamuna, Thiruvalan Venkatesan, R. Kameshwari, R. Supraja, Ramesh Munusamy
Materials and methods Preparation of coupons Aluminium 1100 (Al) of composition Si + Fe = 0.95%, Cu = 0.12%, Al=99.0% are used for the entire study.
The most frequently used isotherms are Langmuir, Freundlich, Frumkin, Hill de Boer, Parsons, Temkin, Flory- Huggins, Dhar-Flory-Huggins, Bockris – Swinkels and the thermodynamic model of El-Awady et al.
The results obtained from the present study have been fitted into three isotherms viz., Temkin (Fig 2), Freudlich (Fig 3) and El–Awady et al (Fig 4).
El- Awady adsorption isotherm.
Abd-El-Rehim, A.
Online since: September 2020
Authors: Muhammad Asri Idris, Nur Farhana Mohd Yunos, Jian Hao Chong, Ahmed Indris Mohammed
Si et al.: Int.
El-Hussiny and M.
El-Midany: J.
El-Guindy and W.G.
El-Hussiny and M.
Online since: February 2007
Authors: Yang Zhou, Yi Fan Wang, Zhen Ying Huang, Zhi Li Zhang, Hong Xiang Zhai
Sun et al
Note that El-Raghy et al [5] have not observed the phenomenon of the frictional layer in their tests.
El-Raghy: J.
El-Raghy, P.
El-Raghy and L.
Online since: March 2021
Authors: Mutasem A. Shehadeh, Ramsey Hamade, Zeina G. El Chlouk
El Chlouk1,a, Mutasem A.
This was reported by Kimapong et al. [10].
Stress strain plots of (a) 3mm and (b) 2mm welded Al-Steel.
El Chlouk, G.
El Chlouk, H.H.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: M.B.A. Asmael, Roslee Ahmad
The rare earth metal used here is Lanthanum to produce Al-11Si-Cu-Mg-0.1La, Al-11Si-Cu-Mg-0.5La and Al-11Si-Cu-Mg-1.0La alloys.
Producing defect-free Al castings becomes more important.
Three different copper-rich phases can be present in Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys: block-like Cu Al2, eutectic Al-Cu Al2, and Al5Mg8Cu2Si6.
Kaufman, E.L.
Kaufman, E.L.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Shao Wei Duan, Xian Tan, Wei Huang
Under the action of the EL Centro wave, Lanzhou wave and artificial wave, the maximum interlayer shear of structure with and without energy dissipation device as shown in Fig 3.
Fig.3 Envelope diagrams of story shear under small earthquake In the earthquake wave, with viscous dampers structure compared to the ordinary structure, The structure of the interlayer shear are reduced, Under the action of EL Centro waves in the X direction and Y direction.
In the rare earthquake of EL Centro wave, Lanzhou wave and artificial wave, the maximum story drifts of energy dissipation structure with viscous dampers are as shown in table 1.
Tab.2 Maximum acceleration, contrast under EL Centro ground motion(m/s2) Seismic Condition Frequent Earthquake Rare Earthquake X Direction Y Direction X Direction Y Direction General Structure 0.98 0.92 7.2 6.7 Damping Structure 0.69 0.53 6.2 5.7 Damping Rate 29.6% 42.4% 13.9% 14.9% Fig.4 Acceleration time-history at top floor of structure under small EL Centro ground motion Fig.5 Acceleration time-history at top floor of structure under rare EL Centro ground motion As shown in Figure 4 and figure5,the acceleration of energy dissipation structure has been siginificantly reduced.
[3] Kim Y J,Kim M H,Jung I Y,et al.Experimental investigation of the cyclic behavior of nodes in diagrid structures[J].Engineering Structures,2011,33 ( 7 ) :2134-2144
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