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Online since: May 2014
Authors: Shuang Yun Peng, Kun Yang
We can get earthquake disaster loss result which integrating maps, table and text by fusing the spatial data and attribute data in the GIS support in short time.
It involves a variety of thematic data which is composed of a variety of multi- scale spatial, non-spatial and business data.
Various types of spatial and non-spatial data raise the requirements of the system's data management capabilities.
Lastly, assessing the losses based on the building seismic capacity data, geological structure data, assessment models for economic losses, casualties, building damage.
Data covers the whole of Yunnan Province which includes 129 counties.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Rizalman Mamat, Ftwi Yohaness Hagos, Wong Chung Siong, Amir Bin Aziz
During the engine testing, the Kane 900 gas analyzer was used to collect the emissions data.
These results confirm that POD emulsions is an effective method as a counter measure in NOx reduction which is increased with the use of biodiesel [12].
At all engine loads, the reduction rate compared to diesel fuel for PODW5, PODW10, and PODW20 were about 16 %, 17 %, and 24 %, respectively.
These results confirm that emulsified biodiesel is an effective method in NOx reduction.
Mofijur, Impacts of biodiesel combustion on NOx emissions and their reduction approaches, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 23 (2013) 473-490
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Murugasan Pradeep Kumar, Samraj Ravi
The cutting force was measured using a piezoelectric type dynamometer (Kistler type 9257B), a multichannel charge amplifier (Kistler-type 5070A12100) and a PC based data acquisition system (Dynoware) for each machining conditions.
In general, the reduction of cutting temperature depends on the heat convection of the cutting fluid.
The high lubricating and cooling effect is obtained by high pressure nozzle delivered LN2 in the atomized state, which results in reduction of friction and facilitates chip formation and removes heat more intensively due to higher velocity which results in increase in its surface-to-volume ratio by reduction of the size of the droplets and the reduction in temperature as it leaves the nozzle.
The percentage reduction in cutting temperature was observed to be 41% and 34%.
Therefore, the reduction in the cutting force under LN2 machining results from the decrease in the cutting temperature, retention of hardness and strength of the tool material, reduction in tool wear and the favorable change in chip-tool and work-tool interactions.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: F. Ashrafizadeh, J. Jamshidi, A. Azimi, F. Shahriari, M.R. Toroghinezhad
Based on the results of salt spray tests, pimples reduced corrosion resistance of galvanized sheets 23 % (50 hours) on average and bare spot defects caused reduction in corrosion resistance up to 39%.
According to experimental data obtained in the present research, the maximum reduction in corrosion resistance, based on the salt spray tests, was about 23% equivalent to 50 h reduction in the time to red rust.
It can be concluded that pimple defects caused a significant reduction in corrosion resistance of galvanized steel sheet.
This can be considered as the accuracy of experimental data.
Based on the results of salt spray tests, pimples reduced corrosion resistance of galvanized sheets equivalent to 23 % (50 hours) reduction in time to red rust.
Online since: October 2016
Authors: Salah Rahimi, Paul Blackwell, Saber Khayatzadeh
A significant degradation was observed in elastic modulus (up to 50% reduction)with increased plastic deformation.
True stress and true strain were computed from engineering data set, assuming that the sample’s volume remains constant after deformation in tension.As shown, the material during the loading-unloading process shows a similar behavior to that of the standard tensile test throughout the experiment.
This reduction can be separated into two segments: A and B.
Segment A is mainly the result of a reduction in the elastic modulus.
A B a)b) Fig. 4: Magnified views of unloading data for a sampleat 0°(i.e. aligned with RD),showing the nonlinear recovery followingthe unloading. a) unloading-loading curve for loop 4 to 5.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Jing Qin Mu, Sheng Zhan
Time series radar interferometry will bring the time series analysis method into D-InSAR in combination with the PS technique to analyze a series of stacked radar interferometric data with continuous temporal baseline.
This problem can be resolved by the reduction of ambiguity
During the experimental process, 1732 pares were randomly selected from more than the above 4 million pares of PS points .Two kind of deformation rate data were calculated with p=8 and p=12, which were denoted by Vp8 and Vp12.
From the deformation rate data obtained by calculating all pairs of PS points in whole of Tianjin district, several regions with obvious deformation and the subsidence distribution in Tianjin such as Jinnan and Langfang have been obtained.
In addition, because the experiment is limited to the Tianjin district and the data is so limited, the parameters have some constraints.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Li Jie Sun, Li Zhang, Da Bo Zhang, Xin Ying Li
The tolerance in analog circuit lead to the overlap problem of soft fault diagnosis, which means that different fault types exists data overlapping phenomena and data between the same fault type still fluctuates heavily.
Information fusion can be divided into data layer fusion, characteristic layer fusion and decision layer fusion according to the abstraction level of information[2].
Both data layer fusion and decision layer fusion consume a lot in time and space.
Thus, it is necessary to conduct feature selection after feature extraction from high dimensional data of all nodes.
Select the first data of the three features respectively and fuse them by order(feature dimension is three) for fault classification.
Online since: January 2016
Authors: Niculae Negurescu, Alexandru Cernat, Constantin Pana, Obeid Zuhair H. Obeid, Iulius Bondoc
The investigations highlight the improvement of the combustion process by use the bioethanol at the supercharged spark ignition engine which leads to the reduction of brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), to an accentuated reduction of monoxide carbon (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) due to lower carbon (C) content.
The engine was mounted on a test bench which was equipped with the next instruments equipment’s: AVL ALPHA 160 eddy current dynamometer (with throttle actuator), a real time AVL data acquisition system, AVL in-cylinder pressure transducer line, AVL gas analyzer, Khrone Optimass mass flow meter, air flow meter, thermo resistances for engine cooling liquid temperature, engine oil and air intake temperatures and thermocouples for exhaust gas temperature, manometer for air pressure from engine intake manifold.
Theoretical and experimental investigations results The running mode of the dyno was setup on constant speed (n=constant) and for each operating regime were measured the power, speed, in-cylinder pressure, exhaust gas emissions, temperatures, air and fuel flows and a complete data acquisition file with necessary engine running parameters.
Conclusions 1-At the use the gasoline-bioethanol blends the engine power and torque are higher comparative to gasoline use. 2-At the gasoline - bioethanol blends use at investigated supercharged SI the reduction of NOx may be achieved in the area of λ > 1.3 dosages were the strategy of engine load qualitative adjustment can be applied. 3-At the gasoline-bioethanol blends use engine BSFC is smaller comparative to gasoline use for λ=1-1.25. 4-The maximum pressure at stoichiometric dosage for bioethanol –gasoline blends is same with gasoline use. 5-The bioethanol is a good alternative fuel and a good antiknock agent References [1] L.
Heywood, Direct Injection Bioethanol Boosted Gasoline Engines: Biofuel Leveraging For Cost Effective Reduction of Oil Dependence and CO2 Emissions, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA 02139, Cambridge, April 20, (2005)
Online since: January 2015
Authors: Wen Yu Zhang, Wen Cai Xu, Xin Lin Zhang, Shi Yong Luo
Current Situation and Reflection on Metal Packaging Waste Recycling ZHANG Wenyu a, XU Wencai b, LUO Shiyong c and ZHANG Xinlin d Institute of Anti-counterfeiting Materials and Technology, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China azhangwenyubigc@163.com, bxuwencai@bigc.edu.cn, cluoshiyong@bigc.edu.cn (Corresponding author), dzhangxinlin29@163.com Key words: Metal packaging; Recycling demonstration; Reduction; Thin wall Abstract.
The data above shows that the development rate of metal packaging in China is much faster than other industries.
But the profit level, the data is very unsatisfactory.
In order to reduce the impact of packaging on the ecological environment and a more efficient use of natural resources around the development of new packaging materials and manufacturing processes of the “reduction”, “thin wall” multi-angle, multi-disciplinary research, combined with the structural design , strive for breakthroughs in these areas.
But a domestic company has successfully developed thin-walled three-piece cans, the thickness of the product compared with the previous reduction 0.03~0.05mm, for our metal packaging industry to achieve sustainable development, "the road of independent research and development, has played an exemplary role [9].
Online since: July 2010
Authors: Li Kun Pan, Ming Xia Gu, Gang Ouyang, Chang Q. Sun
Atomic CN reduction.
Fitting the measured data gives the values of m and A for a specific semiconductor.
High order CN reduction is considered for dipole-dipole interaction. 0 20 40 60 80 100 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 (b) EB change (%) K BOLS W Mo 0 50 100 150 200 -4 -2 0 (a) Lattice strain (%) K Plate Dot Pr2O3/Si 0 10 20 30 40 50 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 (c) Tm suppression (%) K Plate, m = 1 Dot, m = 1 CdS Bi-01 Bi-02 Bi-03 Bi-04 Bi-05 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 (d) m = 4 P(x)/P(0) K -0.5 TiO2 HPR IHPR (BOLS) 0 20 40 60 80 100 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 (e) Tm suppression (%) K Plate, m = 1 Dot, m = 1 Fe3O4 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 0 50 100 150 200 (a) m=4.88,dot m=4.88,rod STS-data Data-1 Data-2 EG Expansion (%) K 0 2 4 6 8 0 10 20 30 40 50 m = 1, dot m = 1, plate Au/TiO2 Au/Octan Au/Pt Au/thiol (b) Au-4f shift (%) K 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0 20 40 60 (c) 1/R (nm -1 ) Raman Accoustic Shift (cm -1 ) TiO2-a TiO2-b SnO2-a 0 20 40 60 -30 -20 -10 0 (d)
d) Raman optical frequency shift of CeO2,94 SnO2-1,95 SnO2-2,93 InP,96 and e) Dielectric suppression of nanosolid silicon with Data 1, 2, and 3;97 Data 4 and 5;98 and Data- 6.99 f) Temperature and size dependence of magnetization. 2 4 6 8 -80 -60 -40 -20 (e) Dielectric suppression (%) Data-1 Data-2 Data-3 Data-4 Data-5 Data-6 m=4.88,dot m=4.88,rod K 9 12 15 18 21 24 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Pc (GPa) R (nm/10) CdSe (a) Figure 8 Theoretical reproduction of (a) Temperature dependence of the thermal expansion coefficient100 of AlN, 101 GaN102,103 and Si3N4.101 (b) Size and pressure dependence of the phase transition at room temperature of CdSe nanocrystals.104,105 (c) Pressure dependence of the Raman shift of the E1 and E2 modes of AlN.106,107 (d) Size
The literature data for atomic cohesive energy is from Kittel115 for comparison.
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