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Online since: December 2011
Authors: Jie Qin, Gong Guo Liu, Qiu Ting Wu, Xiao Le Zha
Making full use of the heat of waste gas adapts to the social demand of energy conservation and emission reduction and gains better economic and social benefits.
Table 2 Main parameters of RHF in Kimistu plant Parameters Data Sinter diameter/m 20 Bottom wide/m 4 Hearth area/m2 230 Yield/(t/h) 23 Reduction temperature/℃ 1250~1300 Layers of pellets 1~2 Residence time/min 10~20 The waste gas recycling system is composed by a heat boiler, air preheater (heat exchanger) and a dust washing tower.
The main disposing object of the RHF is plumbum zinc bearing dust and the reduction temperature is around 1000~1300℃.
The pellets then conveyed into deep reduction electric arc furnace where the pellets smelt and the titanium bearing slag separates from the vanadium bearing hot metal.
In order to make sure that the coal and concentrate contact with each other closely to improve the reduction efficiency it is necessary to mill the anthracite to fine powder.
Table 2 Main parameters of RHF in Kimistu plant Parameters Data Sinter diameter/m 20 Bottom wide/m 4 Hearth area/m2 230 Yield/(t/h) 23 Reduction temperature/℃ 1250~1300 Layers of pellets 1~2 Residence time/min 10~20 The waste gas recycling system is composed by a heat boiler, air preheater (heat exchanger) and a dust washing tower.
The main disposing object of the RHF is plumbum zinc bearing dust and the reduction temperature is around 1000~1300℃.
The pellets then conveyed into deep reduction electric arc furnace where the pellets smelt and the titanium bearing slag separates from the vanadium bearing hot metal.
In order to make sure that the coal and concentrate contact with each other closely to improve the reduction efficiency it is necessary to mill the anthracite to fine powder.
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Masao Sakane, Takamoto Itoh, Hideyuki Kanayama, Masahiro Sakabe, Shu Li Liu, Takahiro Morishita, Norio Takeda
Thus, the agreement of data correlations between in strain and stress controlled tests in Fig. 3 (a) may be resulted from that the reduction in failure life is balanced with the additional hardening. [10,11]
On the other hand, fatigue limit in the circle loading test seems to be lower than that in the push-pull loading test.
In the figure, the bold solid line was drawn based on the data of push-pull loading test and the two thin lines show a factor of 2 band.
In this study, A is put to 3.5σB/E but B is determined to fit the life curve on data in push-pull loading test.
This figure shows a relative good correlation although the data in the lower strain level are plotted conservatively.
Failure life and its evaluation under the random multiaxial loading will be discussed more based on the experimental data which will be obtained.
In the figure, the bold solid line was drawn based on the data of push-pull loading test and the two thin lines show a factor of 2 band.
In this study, A is put to 3.5σB/E but B is determined to fit the life curve on data in push-pull loading test.
This figure shows a relative good correlation although the data in the lower strain level are plotted conservatively.
Failure life and its evaluation under the random multiaxial loading will be discussed more based on the experimental data which will be obtained.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Hu Xing Zhou, Juan Meng, Hong Chen
Firstly, according to the characteristics of the network decomposition and the shortest route algorithm, adopts an array as the network data storage method.
Network data storage based on array The paper takes generalized cost as the arc weight of the shortest route computing.
The data storage structure is shown in Table 1 according to the sparsity of the network, which directly affects the data searching speed used for network decomposition and the shortest route computing.
(3) Refining reduction of the original network.
Network refining reduction refers the staged reduction from coarsening network to the original.
Network data storage based on array The paper takes generalized cost as the arc weight of the shortest route computing.
The data storage structure is shown in Table 1 according to the sparsity of the network, which directly affects the data searching speed used for network decomposition and the shortest route computing.
(3) Refining reduction of the original network.
Network refining reduction refers the staged reduction from coarsening network to the original.
Online since: February 2025
Authors: Ruslan Likhnyovskyi, Vitalii Kovalenko, Yuriy Tsapko, Oleksii Tsapko
Calculations of the 1D, steady, adiabatic, laminar burning velocity for these refrigerants with air or oxygen-enriched air indicate reasonable agreement with experimental data from the literature when the burning velocity is above 10 cm/s.
However, no experimental data are available at combustion temperatures.
The conventional transition state theory has been tested against the rate data obtained by the QCT method and was found to overestimate not only the rate coefficients but also the activation energies.
Experimental data on extinguishing concentrations during extinguishing of n-heptane using their combinations are shown in Fig. 3 and 4.
The results of the experimental studies conducted can be used as input data for the technical and economic justification of the choice of the quantitative ratio of the inert gas and the combustion inhibitor in case of their joint application for the purpose of preventing and extinguishing fires.
However, no experimental data are available at combustion temperatures.
The conventional transition state theory has been tested against the rate data obtained by the QCT method and was found to overestimate not only the rate coefficients but also the activation energies.
Experimental data on extinguishing concentrations during extinguishing of n-heptane using their combinations are shown in Fig. 3 and 4.
The results of the experimental studies conducted can be used as input data for the technical and economic justification of the choice of the quantitative ratio of the inert gas and the combustion inhibitor in case of their joint application for the purpose of preventing and extinguishing fires.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Rafael Farinassi Mendes, Ticyane Pereira Freire, Stefânia Lima Oliveira, Lourival Marin Mendes
Statistical Analysis
For statistical analysis of the data, one experiment in a completely randomized design was considered.
In general, the data obtained in this study is in agreement with those reported in the literature.
Thus, in comparison with the published data, the panels evaluated in the present study showed consistent average values.
Overall, compared with the data available in the literature, the panels evaluated in this study showed consistent average internal bond values.
Compared with the data reported in the literature, the panels evaluated in this work showed consistent average MOR and MOE values.
In general, the data obtained in this study is in agreement with those reported in the literature.
Thus, in comparison with the published data, the panels evaluated in the present study showed consistent average values.
Overall, compared with the data available in the literature, the panels evaluated in this study showed consistent average internal bond values.
Compared with the data reported in the literature, the panels evaluated in this work showed consistent average MOR and MOE values.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Jean François Lelièvre, David P. Fenning, Mariana I. Bertoni, Jasmin Hofstetter, Carlos del Cañizo, Tonio Buonassisi
For an as-grown Fe concentration between 1014 cm−3 and 1015 cm−3, this enhanced
Fei reduction results in an appreciable increase in the electron lifetime.
The measured data together with the theoretical curve of SRH recombination at Fe-B pairs are shown in Fig.1(a).
Good agreement between the theoretical curve and the experimental data points confirm that Fei keeps being the lifetime-limiting defect in most as-grown p-type mc-Si wafers nowadays.
During 20 min PDG at 850 �C an Fe reduction of up to 60 -80 % can be achieved for as-grown Fe concentrations .3·1014 cm−3 and precipitate radii .20 nm.
On such wafers, an efficient reduction of the Fei concentration can be achieved during standard PDG.
The measured data together with the theoretical curve of SRH recombination at Fe-B pairs are shown in Fig.1(a).
Good agreement between the theoretical curve and the experimental data points confirm that Fei keeps being the lifetime-limiting defect in most as-grown p-type mc-Si wafers nowadays.
During 20 min PDG at 850 �C an Fe reduction of up to 60 -80 % can be achieved for as-grown Fe concentrations .3·1014 cm−3 and precipitate radii .20 nm.
On such wafers, an efficient reduction of the Fei concentration can be achieved during standard PDG.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Song Xiao Hui, Yang Yu, Wen Jun Ye, Bai Qing Xiong
Isothermal compression of Ti-6Al-4V-0.1B alloy was carried out at deformation temperature of 850-980 ºC, strain rate of 0.01-1s-1, and maximum height reduction of 60% with Gleeb1500D simulator.
Isothermal compression was performed to 60% of maximum height reduction at each combination of deformation temperature and strain rates.
Fig.1 Equiaxed microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V-0.1B rolling bar The load-stroke data were converted to stress-strain curves and the flow stress was obtained as a function of deformation temperature, strain rate and strain.
The activation energy of deformation was calculated by the experimental data.
(5) Apply the value of flow stress, strain rate and α to Eq.4, the curves were drawn by the data of ln-ln(sinh(ασ)) , ln(sinh(ασ))-1/T and linear fit is obtained at Fig.5.
Isothermal compression was performed to 60% of maximum height reduction at each combination of deformation temperature and strain rates.
Fig.1 Equiaxed microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V-0.1B rolling bar The load-stroke data were converted to stress-strain curves and the flow stress was obtained as a function of deformation temperature, strain rate and strain.
The activation energy of deformation was calculated by the experimental data.
(5) Apply the value of flow stress, strain rate and α to Eq.4, the curves were drawn by the data of ln-ln(sinh(ασ)) , ln(sinh(ασ))-1/T and linear fit is obtained at Fig.5.
Online since: November 2005
Authors: John J. Jonas, Stéphane Godet, Pascal J. Jacques, M. Sánchez-Araiza
The steels were rolled to reductions of 65% at 630ºC and 80% at 680ºC.
Orientation distribution functions (ODF's) were calculated from the pole figure data, to an expansion of Lmax=22 [13], using Bunge's series expansion method [14].
R-values were calculated from the texture data using the relaxed constraint method of crystal plasticity, where the critical resolved shear stress ratio for glide on the {112}<111> and {110}<111> slip systems (τ{112}/τ{110}) is 0.95.
These values were calculated from the texture data and are c) fmax = 6 fmax = 9 fmax = 8 b) f) fmax = 8 fmax = 13 fmax = 10 d) e) a) displayed as functions of sample direction in the sheet plane.
Lankford coefficients for the recrystallized samples, calculated from the texture data: a) 65% WR at 640°C, b) 65% warm rolled at 640ºC and cold reduced a further 40%.
Orientation distribution functions (ODF's) were calculated from the pole figure data, to an expansion of Lmax=22 [13], using Bunge's series expansion method [14].
R-values were calculated from the texture data using the relaxed constraint method of crystal plasticity, where the critical resolved shear stress ratio for glide on the {112}<111> and {110}<111> slip systems (τ{112}/τ{110}) is 0.95.
These values were calculated from the texture data and are c) fmax = 6 fmax = 9 fmax = 8 b) f) fmax = 8 fmax = 13 fmax = 10 d) e) a) displayed as functions of sample direction in the sheet plane.
Lankford coefficients for the recrystallized samples, calculated from the texture data: a) 65% WR at 640°C, b) 65% warm rolled at 640ºC and cold reduced a further 40%.
A Numerical Study of the Effect of Bubble Layer on Propulsion Performance of Deep-Vee Hull Form Ship
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Ou Yongpeng, Qi Yao Li
The mechanism of the resistance reduction is the reduction of wetted surface area and the change of turbulance mode.
The effect of bubbly layer on propeller performance, related to the application possibility of gas resistance reduction technology [4].
Tab.1 Character of model 4381 Tab.2 Geometrical data for model M1 r/R B/D P/D QM XM/D TRD FRB 0.2 0.174 1.332 0 0 0.0434 0.0351 0.4 0.275 1.358 0 0 0.0294 0.0348 0.6 0.337 1.28 0 0 0.0191 0.0245 0.7 0.347 1.21 0 0 0.0146 0.0191 0.8 0.334 1.137 0 0 0.0105 0.0148 0.9 0.28 1.066 0 0 0.0067 0.0123 1 0.001 0.995 0 0 0.0029 0 △(kg) 158 T (mm) 163.5 LWL(mm) 4400 B(mm) 500 Fig.1 The ship model M1 Fig.2 The propeller model 4381 Fig.3 The grids of the computational field Computational domain and Boundry condition Fig.3 shows the meshes of calculation zone in the open water condition.
In order to verify the reliability of calculation method, Tab.3 shows calculating and experimental datas.
As shown in Tab.3, Thrust reduction gap up to 7.47%, torque reduction gap up to 4.65%, propulsion efficiency reduction up to 3.69%.
The effect of bubbly layer on propeller performance, related to the application possibility of gas resistance reduction technology [4].
Tab.1 Character of model 4381 Tab.2 Geometrical data for model M1 r/R B/D P/D QM XM/D TRD FRB 0.2 0.174 1.332 0 0 0.0434 0.0351 0.4 0.275 1.358 0 0 0.0294 0.0348 0.6 0.337 1.28 0 0 0.0191 0.0245 0.7 0.347 1.21 0 0 0.0146 0.0191 0.8 0.334 1.137 0 0 0.0105 0.0148 0.9 0.28 1.066 0 0 0.0067 0.0123 1 0.001 0.995 0 0 0.0029 0 △(kg) 158 T (mm) 163.5 LWL(mm) 4400 B(mm) 500 Fig.1 The ship model M1 Fig.2 The propeller model 4381 Fig.3 The grids of the computational field Computational domain and Boundry condition Fig.3 shows the meshes of calculation zone in the open water condition.
In order to verify the reliability of calculation method, Tab.3 shows calculating and experimental datas.
As shown in Tab.3, Thrust reduction gap up to 7.47%, torque reduction gap up to 4.65%, propulsion efficiency reduction up to 3.69%.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Xiao Liu Shen, Mo Yu Wang, Ting Cao
It also vigorously promotes the "energy-saving emission reduction", reduces the emission of pollutants and protects the ecological environment.
Other data showed that the amount of external coal increased year by year since 2004 in Beijing.
To save energy is to reduce the pollutant emissions, to improve residents' awareness of emission reduction.
Systematic analysis has been carried on based on the actual data of Beijing in past years.
Economic science press, 2004, 4:227-266 [6] Xiuquan Wang Research and building of 3E decision support platform based on data warehouse [D].
Other data showed that the amount of external coal increased year by year since 2004 in Beijing.
To save energy is to reduce the pollutant emissions, to improve residents' awareness of emission reduction.
Systematic analysis has been carried on based on the actual data of Beijing in past years.
Economic science press, 2004, 4:227-266 [6] Xiuquan Wang Research and building of 3E decision support platform based on data warehouse [D].