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The materials of the fragments were all quenched 45 steel.
Moreover, according to the study of airtight oil box against fragment impact in Ref. [12], hyperelasticity materials possessing self-sealing function, such as rubber, should be taken into account to lay inside the oil cabin in order to greatly reduce the deflagration possibility of the fuel oils.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51179200), Post-Doctoral Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20100471794) and Natural Science Foundation of Naval University of Engineering (Grant No.
Journal of Computational Physics, 2000, 163: 376-433
Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology (Natural Science), 2009, 33(6): 760-765.

The results indicate that the electromagnetic parameters are affected by morphologies of materials.
However, these works were just focused on materials’ primary morphology more than micro-structure [16-18].
Results and discussion The phase and purity of the resulting materials were tested by XRD, shown in Fig. 1.
S1, S2 denote the resulting materials synthesized on different reaction conditions.
Lu, Journal Alloys and Compounds, 456 (2008), 455

It is apparent that Zr-Nb alloys with the addition of iron oxide during the handling of scrap materials exhibit the extremely brittle behavior.
It is apparent that Zr-Nb alloys with the addition of iron oxide during the handling of scrap materials exhibit the extremely brittle behavior.
It is apparent that Zr-Nb alloys with the addition of iron oxide during the handling of scrap materials exhibit the extremely brittle behavior.
Hong, “Materials & Design, 32, 4270. (2011) [6] K.W.
Hong, Advanced Science Letters. 15 , 310 (2012) [10] S.I Hong, K.W Lee, K.T Kim, Journal of Nuclear Materials, 303, 169. ( 2002) [11] SI Hong, Materials Science and Engineering 76, 77-81. (1985) [12] GT Gray, SI Hong, BJ Marquardt, Metals and Materials 2 (1), 31-36. (1996) [13] W Chen, KC Chan, P Yu, G Wang - Materials Science and Engineering: A, 528, 2988. (2011) [14] YC Choi, SI Hong, Scripta Materialia 61, 481-484. (2009) [15] YC Choi, SI Hong, Materials Science and Engineering: A 449, 130. (2007)

Microstructure of in situ Al3Ti0.4Zr0.6p/Al fabricated with electromagnetic field Guirong Li1,a, Xunyin Zhang1,b,Yinan Zhao1,c,Fei Yuan1,d, Tingwang Zhang1,e,Hongming Wang1,f and Yutao Zhao1,g 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, ZhenJiang City, Jiangsu Province,212013, People’ s Republic of China a whmlgr@ujs.edu.cn; b 57413898 @qq.com; c 1015084139@qq.com; d 1783007154@ujs.edu.cn; e 1031323873@qq.com; f whmlgr@sina.com;g zhaoyt@ujs.edu.cn Keywords: Particulates; In situ composites; Intermetallic compound; Electromagnetic field.
The K2TiF6, K2ZrF6 powder and aluminum were selected as the raw materials to in situ synthesize the particulates reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
:Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol.471（2009）,p.530. ,[] S.C.Tjong,G.S.Wang and Y.W.Mai,Compos.
Experimental procedure Raw materials were pure aluminum (99.6% purity) and K2TiF6 and K2ZrF6 powder.
Acknowledgements The work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (51001054, 50971066) and the National Science and Jiangsu Provience foundations for post-doctoral scientists of China(20100471382,1001023C).

The flow trait is the cause of the workpiece shortage of material.
To avoid the shortage of material, the metal should be moved downwards as much as possible before the backward extrusion deformed completely .Influence factors such as the length of the punch, forming angle in the bottom of die, friction factor and the width of punch were analyzed as follows： (1) Short punch can effectively reduce the defects but makes punch recess thick which declines utilization of materials.
For this kind of drill pipe joints, simulation result shows that to forming drill pipe joints with D0/d0≤2.6 (D0-Outer diameter, d0-Inner diameter), one step backward extrusion necking process can be used；if D0/d0＞2.6 , forgings are easier to be lacking of materials.
Acknowledgements The financial supported of the National Natural Science Foundation of China are gratefully acknowledged.
References [1]Xinya Li, Decheng Wang, Feng Liu and Libin Zhang: Journal of Mechanical Engineering.

Material transportation speed and throughput are derived.
In the working process, the entire device is located on the isolator springs, and the periodic excitation is generated by the motor installed on the vibration foundation to promote longitudinal vibration of the system, thus the bulk materials falling into the trough is continuously thrown forward to enforce material transportation. 1- feeder trough 2-spings 3-excting motor 4-base Fig. 1 The structure diagram of vibratory feeder Dynamic Analysis on Vibratory Feeder The vibration of the vibration feeder is steady forced vibration of mass-spring-damping system.
The delivery material is friable materials.
The centroid locus of both sides of the feeder is almost the same, ensuring the material layer is homogenous
Liu: Journal of Railway Engineering Society, (2002) No.2, pp.25-29(In Chinese) [4] Y.Q.

Experiment program Materials.
Mechanical Properties of Concrete Materials Reinforced with Polypropylene or Polyethylene fibers[J].
ACI Materials Journal. 1992, 89 (2):535 - 540
ACI Materials Journal. 1994, 91 (5):478 - 486
Beijing: Science Press, 2003.

Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (TPNR) As a Backbone Binder for Metal Injection Molding Process Norita Hassan1,a, Sahrim Ahmad1,b, Norhamidi Muhamad2,c, Mohd Afian Omar3,d 1School of Applied Physic, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 2Department of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 3Advance Material Research Centre (AMREC), SIRIM Berhad, Lot 34, Jalan Hi-Tech 2/3, Kulim Hi-Tech Park, 09000 Kulim, Kedah, Malaysia anorita.hassan08@gmail.com, bsahrim@ukm.my, chamidi@eng.ukm.my, dafian@sirim.my Keywords: Metal injection molding, TPNR, backbone binder.
Since this alloy is accepted for metal injection molding, much study of the properties as a function of process parameters and raw materials has been performed to ensure a stable process and quality product.
Component Melting point, o C Density, x 103 kg m-3 0.925 NR LDPE PW SA TPNR 60 140 58 67 0.92 0.91 0.91 0.845 Table 2 present the material properties of the components of binders.
Journal of Material Processing Technology. 113: 477-481
Journal of Materials Processing Technology 209 (15-16):5527-5535.

Nonlinear Stability Analysis of Thin-walled Pier Xiaomei Dong 1, a 1 Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang , China a e-mail: dxm0810@163.com Keywords: thin-walled pier; nonlinear; stability; shell element.
And therefore material nonlinearity can not be neglected.
The second one, only material nonlinearity is considered.
[2] Shouyi Xue: finite element method (China Building Materials Industry Press, China 2005)
[5] Hognestad E, hlanson N W，McHenry D: Concrete Stress Distribution in Ultimate Strength design (ACI Journal Proceeding, 1955) p.455-479 [6] Lianyuan Wu: Plate and shell stability theory (Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press, china 1996).

Mathematical Model of Thermal Deformation in Precision Measurement and Its Application Ma Xiao-li1, a，Qiang Huai-Bo2,b and Feng Xiao-zhou1,c 1 College of Science, Xi'an Tech.University, Xi’An, 710032, China 2School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Tech.University, Xi’An, 710032, China a mailmxl@yahoo.com.cn, bqhbo@163.com, cflxzfxz8@163.com Keywords: Measurement; Temperature error; Mathematical model Abstract.
Therefore, in the modern precision measurement technology, the effects of temperature on given enough attention, in addition to strictly control the environmental temperature and the low coefficient of expansion of the material, it is more important to do error correction for deformation caused temperature.
GREIJNEISEN from the vibration equation of energy state of the crystal lattice, deduces the linear expansion coefficient of material and volume expansion coefficient have the following relations[6] Device for cylindrical shaft, denote diameter， denote height，denote material density，the initial elastic modulus is ，the temperature coefficient of elastic modulus of ，Material thermal expansion coefficient ，parts is placed by vertical position.
In isolated parts bearing surface take a micro segment, the segment of the vertical load for Thus, deformation amount of effected by as follows: Elastic modulus changes with temperature, typically, when the temperature rises, the elastic modulus of materials will be reduced to Then the height direction change rate of the whole shaft parts Type (7) divided two parts by the temperature change and no change with temperature, the temperature changes the height direction deformation considering only changes with temperature part. the deformation caused by the thermal expansion of materials as follows: Then, when the temperature of cylindrical shaft change, total thermal deformation on the direction of height is Let ，then Before temperature changes，the volume of Shaft ，When the temperature changes in the rear axle geometry change, whose diameter, length denote and ,respectively, ，the volume for rear axle after temperature change denote
Analyses of thermal expansion behavior of intergranula two-phase composites[J].Journal of Materials Science,2001,36:255-261