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Online since: April 2005
Authors: M. Rekas, M. Radecka
The aim of this work is, basing on defect model, comparison of chemical diffusion coefficient with atomic diffusion data in titanium dioxide.
As can be seen, good agreement between experimental and theoretical data is observed.
The statistical analysis showed that there are no differences between both sets of these data.
As can be seen the best agreement was achieved for A = 0.1 at.% and literature data of DO and DTi [11,12], respectively.
Conclusions Chemical diffusion coefficient in TiO2 single crystal within n-p transition range was determined from electrical conductivity transient data.
Online since: June 2015
Authors: Yu Sheng Jiang, Ke Liu, Jia Liu
The industrial analysis data of the two samples are shown in Table 1.
These data reveal that the GRP waste would be easier than coal powder to burn and burnout.
Analyses of clinker and process data.
The data of Table 2 show that the main oxides of clinker are all at desirable levels to maintain an acceptable quality at the feeding rate of 2 t/h.
Referring to the data of 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and IPCC CO2 emission coefficient from stationary source and mobile source (fuel), default CO2 emission coefficient and calorific value of coal are determined to 100000 kg/TJ and 5200 kcal/kg, respectively.
Online since: January 2016
Authors: Bořek Patzák, Michal Bošanský
The tasks exchange data through mutual, explicit communication.
Shared variables are shared among the individual threads, which means that the data are visible and accessible by all threads simultaneously.
Mutex acts like a lock protecting access to shared data.
While mutexes implement synchronization by controlling thread access to data, condition variables allow threads to synchronize based upon the actual value of data.
The reduction clause allows to accumulate a shared variable without explicit synchronization.
Online since: September 2016
Authors: Tullio Monetta, Ciro Sinagra, Ciro Bitondo, Antonio Bossio, Francesco Bellucci, Donald Bryce Mitton, Francesco Bravaccino
Data have been presented in diagrams showing the current trend as a function of the exposure time. 3.
Furthermore, no additional major decreases were observed, as the data at 7 days suggest.
Fig. 2 – EIS data for a thermal degreased laminate in NaCl 3.5% solution Fig. 3 – EIS data for a laminate with zirconium treatment in NaCl 3.5% solution The EIS data for a thermally degreased material, with the thermoplastic heat-sealing lacquer PVC free, in a NaCl 3.5%w solution with the addition of lactic acid to achieve a pH of 4, is presented in Fig. 4a.
In addition, by comparing data in Fig. 3 and 4b, it appears that the Zr treatment substantially improves the low frequency data more than in the non-acidified environment.
The EIS data appear to suggest that the Zr treatment is even more beneficial in an acidified environment.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Nur Liza Rahim, Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim, Roshazita Che Amat, Shamshinar Salehuddin, Syakirah Afiza Mohammed, Cik Roziana Hibadullah
Results of the slump test data for the mixture were recorded in millimetres (mm) shown in Fig. 2.
Based on the data in Fig. 2, it was clearly indicates that the slump of the mixture was reduced when aluminum waste content increased.
The reductions of slump are 14, 16.7 and 18.3 mm for 1%, 2% and 5% of aluminum waste, respectively.
From the data collected, it shows that the compressive strength of the concrete will be increased by adding aluminum waste into the mixture for the specimen tested at 7, 14 and 28 days.
The data as shown in Fig. 3 reveal that, at all ages the strength of control concrete were higher than the corresponding concrete containing aluminium waste.
Online since: October 2007
Authors: S. Endo, T. Yokota, H. Ohtsubo
Slab was reheated at 780°C (ferrite; α + austenite; γ phase region) and rolled with 90% reduction down to 12mm in thickness using laboratory mill. 700°C (ferrite; α + cementite; θ phase region) rolled plate was also prepared to compare with 780°C rolled plate.
The rolling reduction was divided into 20 passes to lighten a load imposed on the mill and average reduction per pass was around 10%.
Deformation stress was derived from experimental data measured by thermo-mechanical simulator in advance.
Fine-grained ferrite is formed by Total reduction 90% Ac3: 880°C α + θ α + γ Ac1: 730°C 780°C 700°C 120mm 12mm grain subdivision, thus dynamic recrystallization process.
The ratio evaluated by SEM micrographs is in good accordance with EBSD data.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Ying Li Shao
The traditional exhaust silencers, which are normally constructed by combination of expansion chamber, and perforated pipe or perforated board, are with high exhaust resistance, but poor noise reduction especially for the low-frequency band noise.
But most of the traditional exhaust mufflers are composed of expansion chamber, and perforated pipe or perforated board [2], whose exhaust resistance is rather great and whose function of noise reduction is very poor, especially for the low frequency, which is the major part of exhaust noise [3].
In accordance with the theory of sound radiation, the author can regard the two opposite holes as the two plunger sound source, and due to the reverse oscillation, the radiation capability of the combined sound resource is reduced, so the author can reach the aim of noise reduction.
Fig. 1 Principle of the muffler using reversed-phase cancelling Analysis to the experimental results The theoretical formula for transmission loss of the new type muffler TL= The author designs 3 series of data and name them as Muffler TypeΙ, Muffler TypeⅡ and Muffler TypeⅢ, and their sizes are as the following: Muffler TypeΙ: r=165mm, l=80mm; Muffler TypeⅡ: r=165mm, l=60mm; Muffler TypeⅢ: r=56mm, l=80mm -5 0 5 10 15 20 31.5 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 Times the frequency range/Hz Insertion loss/dB orig new1 new2 new3 Fig.2 The contrast curve of the insertion loss (1400r/min) -5 0 5 10 15 20 31.5 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 Times the frequency range/Hz Insertion loss/dB orig new1 new2 new3 Fig.3 The contrast curve of the insertion loss (1600r/min) -5 0 5 10 15 20 31.5 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 Times the frequency range/Hz Insertion loss/dB orig new1 new2 new3 Fig.4 The contrast curve of the
Online since: September 2008
Authors: Krzysztof Wolski, Michèle Pijolat, Céline Cabet, Gouenou Girardin, Jerome Chapovaloff, Fabien Rouillard
Role of chromium in the chromia reduction.
Exception made of the point in He-In1, the experimental TA for both commercial alloys in Fig. 6 globally follow the general trend predicted through (Eq. 3) and the results obtained on Inconel 617 are in good agreement with the data from reference [9].
The experimental data at low P(CO) (bottom of the graph) show a deviation toward curves for higher a(Cr).
Besides, it was elsewhere [6] demonstrated for Inconel 617 that the partial pressure of water vapour during step 1 (oxidation at 850°C) influences the value of TA, but in Fig. 6 we gather data irrespective of the atmosphere moisture in the range 0.5-6 µbar.
Therefore, the relevant thermodynamic data have to be the interfacial activities which could be significantly different from the bulk values.
Online since: February 2023
Authors: Farah Hanim Ab Hamid, Ikhmal Zariq Al Imran Jamal Ikhsan, Muhamad Noor Faqeh Bakar, Hariz Asyraf Hamizlan, Anwar Addini Mazzam
The volumetric flask was topped up with distilled water up to the datum line.
TCP Reduction (TR).
ANOVA is another step in RSM to test the fitness of the second-order polynomial models to the experimental data.
Furthermore, the value of R2 of the model obtained for K and TR were 0.95668 and 0.9270 respectively, indicating that the model fit the data well [27].
Thus, these values indicate the fitness of the mathematical model to the experimental data [31].
Online since: October 2017
Authors: Olena Mokrousova, Mariia Marukhlenko, Olena Okhmat
The high level of absorption of chromium compounds and their reduction by 30 % in the exhaust fluid was found.
The use of montmorillonite dispersions provides qualitative formation of the structure of the dermis and physical and mechanical properties, with a reduction of tanning agents’ costs/waste by 16 %.
The data received are consistent with the results of studies of working tanning solution for solid residue content and minerals in it (Table 2).
The reduction of consumption of chrome tanning compounds by almost 20 % compared to the control (option 3) to the level of 1.25 % allows to reach content of Cr2О3 of 4.3 %, which complies with the requirements of regulations.
The analysis of the data received indicates that samples obtained by processing under option 3 have the optimal value of physical and mechanical properties.
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