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In general, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is carried to solve the full Navier-Stokes equations in consideration of various fluid mechanical effects as much as possible to overcome the limitations of inviscid numerical models.
However, the application of CFD to the case of swimming fish has been remaining hard due to the requirement of large computational resources to simulate the unsteady and complex flow around the moving boundary of the fish.
Results of numerical simulations The flow around a three-dimensional undulating trout is numerically investigated.
[17] Ojima, A. and Kamemoto, K., Numerical Simulation of Unsteady Flow around Three Dimensional Bluff Bodies by an Advanced Vortex Method.
[19] Nakanishi, Y. and Kamemoto, K., Numerical Simulation of Flow around a Sphere with Vortex Blobs, Journal Wind Eng. and Ind.

Modern methods of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are mainly based on the use of finite-difference (FDM) [1] and finite-element schemes (FEM) [2].
Computer simulation of convective heat transfer on the base of the proposed technique showed good agreement with experimental data.

He reported that the increase in blockiness in his simulations has reduced the flow rate by 28 percent.
The simulation experiments were performed using a rotating drum with a diameter of 150 mm and particle diameter of 3 mm.
In the simulation we found that some factors have influence on the particle orientation.
Abbaspour-Fard, Numerical simulations to investigate the role of particle shape on bulk behaviour of particles in silos.
Second International Conference on CFD in the Minerals and Process Industries, CSIRO,Melbourne, Australia 1999

Comparison of Material Flow Stress Models Toward More Realistic Simulations of Friction Stir Processes of Mg AZ31B Ali.
Much of the reported values of FE simulations were produced after tuning the tool/workpiece interface boundary conditions to produce temperature profiles that match those experimentally measured.
FE MODEL SIMULATION RESULTS DEFORM 3D was utilized for developing the FE model used in running the FSP simulations.
For each of the constitutive relations, the reference test-case simulation was run at what was found [12] to be optimum process parameters for the model’s tool geometry: 1000 RPM and 90 mm/min.
S., Modeling the Effects of Coolant Application in Friction Stir Processing on Material Microstructure Using 3D CFD Analysis, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 21.7 (2012) 1141-1150

The paper analyzed that the influence of different inlet flow rate, inlet water temperature, and backfill material on the soil temperature field and heat exchange rate, compared the double U-tube and the single U-tube in numerical simulation.
The influence of the backfill material, inlet velocity of U tube, inlet temperature of U tube on the soil temperature field and heat exchange rate is simulated using Fluent 6.3.26.Then, the comparison of the double U-tube and the single U-tube is studied in numerical simulation.
For the simulation, the following assumptions of are made: • It has been assumed that the soil around is saturated porous medium; • The influence of gravity on the flow rate of fluid in U tube is ignored; • The soil thermal properties are constant and the same at every point of domain; • The influence of freeze-thawing to soil temperature transfer and heat exchanger of U tube is ignored.
Fig. 2a Computational grid of syphon parts Fig. 2b Computational grid of borehole plane Fig. 2 Computational grid Result and Discussion This article presents the numerical simulation of the double U tube of different backfill material, inlet temperature, and inlet velocity.
[10] Wang Fujun: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software principle and application, (Tsinghua University Publication, Beijing 2004).

The concentration fields of Zn, ZnO, and O2 were analyzed by CFD simulation.
In order to explain the morphologies evolution, the simulation was performed using FLUENT 6.3.26 software.

The results of computer simulation modelling of backfill of spherical particles of two standard sizes are presented in the activities of scientists [25].
The simulation results were tested on field experiments in the manufacture of some structurally inhomogeneous material, which proved the high efficiency of modelling.
In scientific experiments [30, 31], a simulation simulation of the packaging of non-spherical elements (ellipsoids) is presented, which mainly have an irregular shape of elements and do not take into account the sphericity coefficient.
Purpose of the work is to develop a computer simulation model for the study of a heterogeneous environment, as well as to simulate the packing of elements of an elliptical (irregular) shape.
Padding, Multiscale modelling of wall-to-bed heat transfer in fixed beds with non-spherical pellets: from particle-resolved CFD to pseudo-homogenous models, Chemical Engineering Science 236 (2021) 1-15

Study on the external insulation system with curtain wall for fire prevention based on numerical simulation Miao Zhang1,2,a, Wenhua Song1, Zhaopeng Ni3 and Xin Huang3 1Environment and Chemistry College, Tianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin, 300387, China 2Hebei District Fire Brigade,Tianjin, 300100, China 3Tianjin Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security,Tianjin, 300381, China azhangmiao713@126.com Keywords: building curtain wall; external insulation system; fire protection; FDS; numerical simulation Abstract.
Heat insulation effect of three fire prevention construction Numerical simulation of external insulation system fire A.
Simulation tool FDS is a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model whose simulation object is fluid motion in fire.
This model uses numerical method to solve N-S equation of low Mach number flow simulation driven by fire buoyancy, and focus on the calculation of smoke and heat transfer process [5].
Simulation results are displayed dynamically by Smokeview software, and its correctness and validity have been validated by a large number of experiments and practical application.

In theory aspect, use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software such as ANSYS, FLUENT to simulate the heat and mass transfer process [6, 7].
(4) Through mathematical simulation, we can obtain the working substance flow and heat transfer situation accurately.
Tso, et al, Numerical simulation of the thermal hydraulic performance of a plate pin fin heat sink, J. 48 (2012) 81-88
Pascal, Two-phase simulations of micro heat pipes, J.
[9] Liu Yibing, Liu Huiying, Xiao Hongzhi, The numerical simulation on heat transfer performance of rectangular micro channel plate heat pipe, J.

In this study the flow of bone cement through porous cancellous bone is modelled to determine the degree of penetration in total hip replacement using FIDAP simulation software.
SIMULATION METHODS The same parameters and equations used in part 1 of this study were used in this second part of the study.
The FE model use CFD code to obtain numerical results for the pseudoplastic behaviour of bone cements.
Simulation was performed for a period of twelve minutes using the transient analysis option.
The value can be represented as thickness in a 2D simulation.