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The linear softening model and fracture energy Gf were used to describe the damage evolution of materials.
Journal of App;ied Mechanics, 1968, 35: 379―386
Composites Science andTechnology, 1996, 56(4): 439―449
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 2001, 50: 2667―2682
Journal of Maternials in Civil Engineering, 2011, 23(8): 1171-1179.

Pl=tλeffeTb-T02.1995+3.1481Pe0-0.16647Pe02+0.01152Pe03 8 Where Tb is boiling temperature of welded material and T0 is ambient temperature, t is the thickness of plate, λeffe is effective thermal conductivity.
M, Heat transfer model for CW laser material processing, Journal Applied Physics.
[2] Balasubramanian, K.R., Buvanashekaran, G., Sankaranarayanasamy, K., (2010), Modeling of laser beam welding of stainless steel sheet butt joint using neural networks, CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, Vol. 3 (2010) p. 80–84
A fixed grid numerical modelling methodology for convection diffusion mushy region phase change problem, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 30, (1987) p.1709–1719
Glodak, Numerical simulation of laser full penetration welding, Computational Materials science Vol 44, (2009), p. 841-849

While there is almost no literature describing the selection of negative and positive electrode materials and the kinetics behavior of Pb(II)/Pb and PbO2/Pb(II) in electrolyte.
Experimental The graphite felts were soaked by methanesulfonic acid (99.8%) and heated at 550℃ and both for 2 hours to modify electrode materials.
Journal of Power Sources, 2008, 180: 630-634 [4] Xiaohong Li, Derek Pletcher, Frank C.
Journal of Power Sources, 2010, 195: 2975-2978 [6] H.Y.
Journal of Power Sources, 2007, 128: 269-276

Introduction Hard and brittle materials, including ceramic, stone and glass, have been widely used in modern industry.
Generally, for grinding of hard and brittle materials, material removed in ductile mode requires more energy than that in brittle mode [7-8, 10].
Ren, et al: Grinding of Difficult-to-machine Materials (Press of National Defense Industry, China 1999).
Xu, et al: Key Engineering Materials Vols. 238-239 (2003), p. 105 [10] T.W.
Fu, et al: Key Engineering Materials Vols. 202-203 (2001), p. 53 [16] J.C.

The recycled aggregate concrete is a new green material.
After a building fire, the material properties of concrete change due to high temperature conditions.
However, owing to the fact that the variation and distribution of temperature in a fire is complex, it is very difficult for different structures and materials at elevated temperature to obtain a theoretical correlation between mechanical behaviors and constitutive relations [1, 2].
[5] Yan HQ, Wang QY and Yan Ning: Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Structure under and after High Temperature: A Review , Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University, 2003, (3) , p.110-114
[7] Yan HQ, Wang QY and Yan Ning: Mechanical Behavior of Concrete After Exposure to High Temperature, Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2006.6, p.19-21.

The main chemical component of diatomite is unformed SiO2, and contains bits of organic material, A12O3, Fe203, CaO, etc [3].
Besides, due to that diatomite is a kind of natural mineral, so the reclamation space of diatomite sludge is large and its stability is good, such that, it can be recycled to be applied in fields of agriculture, building materials and waste water treatment after proper disposition.
Make researches on these aspects, for example, after purification and modification, diatomite can be used to be a kind of effective absorbing materials to dispose urban sanitary wastewater and industrial wastewater, which can be of great significance to worldwide abundant diatomite resources, and also shall be the main development trends in the future.
Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition), 27(6), 2006:486~492(in Chinese)
Chinese Journal of Colloid & Polymer, 27 (4), 2009:25-27(in Chinese)

By analyzing the chip path and geometry in axial vibration drilling of soft and tough materials, Zhang and Wang [4] proposed a new chip breaker.
There have been very few studies on the ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling of work-hardening materials to date.
Chen: International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 34 (1994), p. 847-857 [4] D.Y.
Wang: International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 38 (1998), p. 165-176 [5] N.J.
Treadwell: Machining Science and Technology, Vol. 10 (2006), p. 301-321

Wang, etal: Journal of Northeastern University(natural science) Vol. 26 (2005), p.133.
(in Chinese) [4] J Jeswiet: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 80-81(1998), p.239
[5] Campbell McConnell, J G Lenard: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol.99(2003), p.86.

However, sorbents used and widely studied in dry FGD, such as ferric oxide, carbon based materials and metallic oxides loaded catalysts, have specific disadvantages.
As for carbon based materials with excellent adsorption abilities, high SO2 removal efficiencies at low temperature decreased sharply at flue gas emission temperature 120-250 oC, which means considerable energy has to be wasted during the cooling of flue gas to a lower temperature [3-5].
Zhang: Journal of China Coal Society, Vol. 34(2009), p. 84-88 [2] D.H.
Li: Journal of China Coal Society, Vol. 39(2009), p. 1400-1404 [4] K.
Liu, et al.: Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, Vol. 31(2003), p. 385-389 [8] Y.H.

Materials and methods Materials The standard strain of Candida albicans (ATCC32354), a standard sensitive wild stain, was provided by fungus strain preserve center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(Nanjing) . the fluconazole and ifraconazo resistant strains of Candida albicans were isolated from clinical by authors[8-9].The KZY-2 which valid monomer composition purchased from Liaoning Bio-medical Technology Co.Ltd were dispensed to different concentration.RPMI1640 medium was purchased from Shanghai BioSun Sci&Tech Co.Ltd and prepared according to intruction.The drug sensitive scrips of amphotericin(AmB), fluconazole(FLU), ifraconazo(ITC) and Ketoconazole(KET) were purchased from pharmaceuticals company of ganzhou.
[7] LL Ma,ZC Liu,XY Wu,HL Ye and HY Chen: Journal of Gannan Medical College, Vol.28, pp.313-315(2008).
[10] LL Ma, ZC Liu, SX Xie, WP zhang: Journal of Gannan Medical College, Vol.24,No.4,pp.362-364(2004).
(In Chinese) [13] W Wu, N Cheng: Journal of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Vol.19,No.6,pp.371-373(2005).