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For the experimental simulations, fire induced smoke is simulated by a heated air release using the model proposed by Mégret et al.
It involves a series of comparisons and analysis, and will be discussed in the subsequent study by use of CFD instead of experiment one by one.

The simulation outcomes are displayed as stream function, isothermal contours, and local Nusselt number.
Cheng, Numerical simulation of turbulent natural convection in an enclosure with a curved surface heated from below, Prog.
Reyad, CFD simulations of lid-driven cavity flow at moderate Reynolds number, European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 9(15) (2013)
Abdulkadhim, Numerical simulation for conjugate natural convection in a partially heated rectangular porous cavity, J.
Kayode, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Analysis of Buoyancy Flow in A Differentially Heated Square Cavity, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1107 (2021)

Almost all mainstream numerical method in CFD have been successfully applied in simulation of the free oscillation of liquid droplet, these include boundary element, finite difference, and finite element methods as well as integration of surface track /capture techniques such as MAC(Marker and Cell), VOF(Volume-of-Fluid), ALE (the Arbitrary Lagangian-Eulerian method) and level set methods.
To date, the literature on simulation of oscillation of non-Newtonian, e.g., viscolastic drops is quite sparse.
In this part, we compare with the results of linear analysis to validate our simulation.
It is shown that the agreement between the simulation and the linear theory is satisfactory; and that the present numerical simulations perform well for studying quantitatively the effect of material parameters on the droplet oscillations.
The results of numerical simulation and linear theory are identical.

In this paper, the heat transfer process of viscoelastic fluid in the microchannel is studied by numerical simulation method.
The simulation results show that the maximum heat transfer enhancement of viscoelastic fluid is up to 800%, compared with pure viscous fluid.
Their aim was to set a CFD model with FLUENT, and then compare it with analytical approaches.
Numerical simulation In this paper, the model of a micro rectangle pipe heated by electric heating was used in the numerical simulation of the heat transfer process.
Numerical simulation of planar elongational flow of concentrated rigid particle suspensions in a viscoelastic fluid [J].

From the morphology provided by the mesoscale simulation, the mechanical properties of interest were computed by the FEM simulation [19].
Consolo and co-workers [23] applied a multiscale modeling tool to bioreactor system technology, by coupling computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and multi agent systems (MAS) modeling.
Hoogerbrugge, Dynamic Simulations of Hard-Sphere Suspensions under Steady Shear.
Warren, Dissipative particle dynamics: Bridging the gap between atomistic and mesoscopic simulation.
Lu, Multiscale modeling and simulation of polymer nanocomposites.

3D Simulation Investigating ZnO NWFET Characteristics N.M.J.
Little work on 2D simulation has been reported on ZnO TFTs [4–8] and even less has been reported on 3D simulation of ZnO NWFETs.
Table 1: Parameters used for ZnO NW Simulation; All simulation parameters were defined to be the same as the experimental device.
Fig. 3: 3D Simulation of the ZnO NWFET reported in [1].
Available: http://ridl.cfd.rit.edu/products/manuals/Silvaco/atlas_users.pdf.

Reed2,c 1School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK 2University of Oxford, UK ajds083@bham.ac.uk, br.m.ward@bham.ac.uk, croger.reed@eng.ox.ac.uk Keywords: Air-gap, Interfacial heat transfer coefficient, Numerical simulations Abstract.
For the simulation results presented here, the gap-dependent IHTC was used with an initial value of 2569 W/m2K (from Fig. 3 (left)).
CFD modelling (ProCAST in this case) was found to fairly successfully predict the air-gap, temperatures and the IHTC, enabling application of the model to situations where non-destructive techniques are required.

Research on catalytic combustion of low concentration methane in combustion channel of compact reformer Chao Yang1, a, Guogang Yang1,b, Danting Yue1,c ,Xinrong Lv1,d and Jinliang Yuan2,e 1 Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University Dalian, China, 116026 2 Department of Energy Sciences, Lth, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 22100 aemail: yc931@163.com, bemail: yanggg168@sina.com, cemail: yuedanting@sina.com.cn, demail: lvxinrong2005@yahoo.com.cn , eemail: Jinliang.yuan@vok.lth.se Keywords: concentration, methane, compact reformer, combustion channel; numerical simulation.
A 3D CFD code has been developed to solve the governing equations.

When the method of finite volumes is applied the CFD Fluent package [9] offers one more advantage, namely the possibility to deploy non-orthogonal and non-uniforms calculation grids, which is the matter of crucial importance when computation tasks are carried out for objects with sophisticated shapes.
The completed initial simulations enabled to find out that the inlet vortex for air gusts within a vertical plane may only appear for air velocities of Ma=0.005 when a<-10o as well as for Ma = 0.0075 and a = -5o.
Wilcox: Turbulence modeling for CFD, 2000.

Lund, Impacts of distributed photovoltaics on network voltages: Stochastic simulations of three Swedish low-voltage distribution grids, Electric Power Systems Res., 80 (2010) 1562-1571. ].
However the spokes in a steel tower are thinner and therefore the impact will be smaller, this is to be quantified or simulated in a computer-flow-diagram (CFD) analysis.
According to the author, many locations have ‘a prevailing wind direction’ and therefore an oblique tower tip may be worth pursuing and CFD analysis will be able to show which improvement is possible for a SWiPP.