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Based on the product flow analysis, a current state VSM has been constructed using pertinent data collected from the production floor.
Analysis of recorded videos and time studies were performed in order to figure out the scope of improvements in framing the future state map (FSM) in the context of cycle time reduction and line balancing efficiency.
To get the first-hand knowledge and experience, data and information vis-à-vis product and process flows, sequence of operations and the production environment it was imperative to make several visits to the metal stamping company.
Verbatim interviews were carried out with the concerned manager, supervisor as well as the operators engaged in production line operations to collect the first hand data and information needed to correctly estimate the various measures of performance indicators.
Development of current and future VSM The current state map of the product and process flows is developed to highlight the gaps or bottlenecks that need to be removed to enhance performance indicators such as cycle time reduction and line balancing efficiency.

Conditions have been developed for the oxidation-reduction reactions necessary in the reagent purification of sewage from chromium (VI).
Value of the pH of the precipitation of iron and chromium hydroxides and the residual concentration in solution The hydroxide formula The pH of the beginning precipitation at the initial concentration of the precipitated ion 0.01 M The values of the pH of the total precipitation (residual concentration less than 10-5 M) The pH of the beginning of dissolution Residual concentration of the metal ion, observed in practice at pH 8.5-9, [mg / l] Fe(OH)3 2.3 4.1 14.0 0.3-0.5 Cr(OH)3 4.9 6.8 12.0 0.01-0.05 According to the literature for the reduction of chromium (VI) by iron (II) ions it is necessary to create a pH of the reaction mixture in the range 2.5-3.5 [8].
On the other hand, the necessary conditions arise for the reduction of chromium (VI) by iron (II) ions to chromium (III).
According to the published data, only an insignificant excess of the reagent (up to 5% of the total amount of the reagent) is required to complete the reduction of chromium (VI) to chromium (III) stoichiometric amount) [8].

It was found that the noise reduction is 5-8 dB(A) for surface with a 4/8 top layer, while the noise reduction is 6-8 dB(A) for the 2/6 top layer.
The average noise reduction is considered as 4dB(A).
The noise reduction became 8.5 dB (A) after 12 months.
Starting at an initial value of 5-9dB(A) noise reduction relative to the reference, the noise reduction decreases to 1-2dB(A) after years’ usage.
http://www.innovatieprogrammageluid.nl/data/files/algemeen/Internoise2005_1793.pdf [22] Abbott PG, Morgan P A, McKell B.

In order to verify the simulation, experiment data are compared with simulation result.
Angular velocity will multiply by coaxial reduction gearbox (25:1), and make coaxial magnetic member rotate at same angular velocity ω.
The tendency of experiment data agrees with the simulation result.
The selection of reduction gearbox depends on what kind of electric devices are going to be driven.
Fig. 9 Coaxial reduction gearbox can multiply input angular velocity.

The purpose of the present study is to provide the basic microstructure and deformation data for austenitic and ferritic stainless steel under mushy state.
Stress of type 310S steel shows the most reduction as the deformation temperature increasing at the same strain rate condition.
The purpose of the present study is to provide the basic microstructure and deformation data for the austenitic and ferritic stainless steel under mushy state.
And also Type 310S steel exhibits the most reduction of stress as the deformation temperature increasing at the same strain rate condition.
Type 310S exhibits the highest stress and stress reduction as temperature increasing during thixoforming.

Analysis of the test data also indicates that the environmental causticity enlarges the dispersivity of fatigue life.
Table 1 test results of center-hole specimens(loading cycles) Laboratory air Wet air neutral salt fog acidity salt fog Mean value 119716 70476 65717 54951 Number of specimens 5 5 5 5 Table 2 test results of CC(T) specimens(loading cycles) Laboratory air Wet air neutral salt fog acidity salt fog Mean value 45744 38536 37391 35620 Number of specimens 8 12 10 8 Discussion The results indicate that the aggressive environment has a great reduction on the mean value of fatigue life, and the environmental influence can be described with fatigue-life-corrosion- modification-factor a properly. 01 NNa c−= (1) Where, cN is the number of loading cycles in corrosive environment, and 0N is that in the reference environment (laboratory air).
Analysis of the test data indicates that the environmental causticity enlarges the dispersivity of fatigue life.
The results show that aggressive environments perform is a significant reduction on both crack initiation life and crack propagation life.
The value of a indicates the grade of environmental reduction effect on fatigue life.

The surface area was calculated from data obtained and shown in Fig 3.
Fiber surface area and SEM micrograph of circular and worm-like PP fiber The fiber surface area data from image-J software revealed that the surface area of worm-like fiber was higher than circular fiber (24%) for ZnO free fibers.
Bacterial reduction percentage of worm-like composite fiber from ASTM E2149-10 Sample The number of bacteria CFU/ml (3 h.) % reduction Pure + 0.01% wetting 3.4 x 105 - W 0.5% SP + 0.01% wetting 1.0 x 104 97.05 W 1.0% SP + 0.01% wetting 2.4 x 105 29.41 W 2.0% SP + 0.01% wetting 2.5 x 105 26.47 W 3.0% SP + 0.01% wetting 2.3 x 105 32.35 W 1% ZnO + 0.01% wetting 1.6 x 105 52.94 W 3% ZnO + 0.01% wetting 4.0 x 104 88.23 For modified chitosan (SP) at 0.5% had the reduction percentage of 97% compared with ZnO (3% loading) at 88.23% reduction.
As modified chitosan (SP) loading percentage increased, the reduction percentage decreases.
Especially modified chitosan-PP fiber showed excellent antibacterial activity against the tested germs at 0.5wt% loading (97% reduction) which notably lower loading than ZnO for the same reduction percentage.

It has been well established that there are two major mechanisms of softening during the dynamic restoration, one is dynamic recovery and the other is dynamic recrystallization. data on the high temperature deformation behavior of the stainless steels are sufficient, but most of them are on wrought, only few on as-cast steels[4-6].
Hot ductility tensile curves for two steels temperature above 700 o C with the strain rate غ =0.005 s-1, (a) stress against the testing temperature curve, (b) reduction of area against the testing temperature curve.
In order to understand the hot ductility behavior of two stainless steels, the Gleeble hot ductility data under investigation were used through the hot tensile and compression testing methods.
The curves of the reduction of area and stress against the testing temperature for tensile testing are shown in Fig.1.
For the steels B, the reduction of area values using the heating method 2 was much greater than that of the method 1 at the strain rate of 0.005 s-1 in the temperature range 1000 to 1150 o C ( Fig.2(b)).

The reduction of portable water utilization brings good economic and social returns for the water system.
Methodology The basic data for the project Employees related to the design of this project are 500. 100 visitors drop in here every day.
In terms of rainfall data from Shanghai Weather Bureau, we calculated the runoff from roof, road and grass.
By Eq.7 total annual design case water usages: 294,580 +386,880=681,460 [gal], table 8 shows the water consumption reduction in this design case.
Table 8 Water consumption reduction Baseline case- annual water consumption 1070680 Gallons/year Design case- annual water consumption 681460 Gallons/year Municipal water supply 308880 Gallons/year Total annual non-potable water consumption 372580 Gallons/year Total annual water reduction 761800 Gallons/year Total annual water reducation rate 71.1 % From the above water saving result, we can see the design case has great water reduction rate, 71.1%, so we see the huge protential for water saving in the design case.

A simulation study has been carried out for the incomplete measurement data.
In these networks, the size of the input buffer is fixed, and the data entry is controlled by a time stepping arrangement.
The purpose of the exercise was to identify the members in the damaged zone and the reduction in their stiffness (here a function of cross-sectional areas) from the response data.
It was been observed that the percentage of average error increases with an increase in incomplete measurement data.
DewolfJ: Long-term structural health monitoring of a multi-girder steel composite bridge using strain data.