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Investigation of the Interfacial Reaction between Optical Glasses and Various Protective Films and Mold Materials Choung-Lii Chao 1,a , Cheng-Bang Huo1,b,Wen-Chen Chou1,c, Tzung-Shian Wu 1,d, Kung-Jen Ma2,e, Chien-Huang Kuo2,f , Ying-Tung Chen3,g , Chung-Woei Chao4,h 1 Department of Mechanical and Electro-mechanical Engineering, Tam-Kang University, Tamsui, Taipei-Hsien, Taiwan 2 School of Science and Engineering, Chung Hua University, No. 707, Sec. 2, Wu Fu Rd., Hsin Chu, Taiwan 30067 3 Department of Mechatronic, Energy and Aerospace Engineering, National Defense University, No. 190, Sanyuan 1st St., Tahsi, Taiwan 33508 4 Department of Information Management, Hsing-Wu College, Taiwan a clchao@mail.tku.edu.tw, b 694341594@s94.tku.edu.tw, c106096@mail.tku.edu.tw, d air989989@yahoo.com.tw, e ma600229@ms17.hinet.net, f pots0382@yahoo.com.tw, g d92522026@ntu.edu.tw, h089009@mail.hwc.edu.tw Keywords: Optical Glass; Glass Molding; Interfacial Reaction
[2] Information on http://www.toshiba-machine.co.jp/ [3] Information on http://www.sumita-opt.co.jp/cn/optical.htm [4] Information on http://www.oharacorp.com/catalog.html [5] Information on http://www.schott.com/advanced_optics/ [6] K.
Chen: submitted to the proceedings of DSL2009, Roma, Italy, 24-26 th June, 2009, to be published in Defect and Diffusion Forum.

FEM Analysis of the Skin Contamination Behavior in the Extrusion of a AA6082 Profile Marco Negozio1,a*, Riccardo Pelaccia2,b, Lorenzo Donati1,c and Barbara Reggiani2,d 1*DIN- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136, Bologna, Italy 2DISMI- Department of Sciences of Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Viale Amendola 2, 42124, Reggio Emilia, Italy amarco.negozio2@unibo.it, briccardo.pelaccia@unimore.it, cl.donati@unibo.it, dbarbara.reggiani@unimore.it Keywords: skin contamination, back-end defect, FEM, Qform, extrusion Abstract.
As shown in Fig. 1, during the process stroke, the skin volume (red in the figure) accumulates near the ram in relation to the high friction factor with the container and, as the former advances, it flows towards the centre of the billet and the extrusion die.
Hirsch, Automotive trends in aluminium - The European perspective, Materials Forum. 28(3) (2004) 15–23
Buchmayr, Finite element method simulation of internal defects in billet-to-billet extrusion, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 224 (2010) 1029-1042

The phase composition of consolidated powders was investigated by Brucker D8 Discover-Advance diffractometer with copper tubing (40 kV, 30 mA, l = 1,540598 Å).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Project co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund under the Innovative Economy Operational Programme 2007-2013, Project No POIG.01.01.02-00-015/09-00, Task 1.3.2 References [1] Księżarek St., Besztak B.: Wires used in the production of electric contacts, Wire Journal International, 40,(2000) 208-213 [2] I.V.Alexandrov, Y.T.Zhu, T.C.Lowe, R.K.Islamgaliev, R.Z.Valiev, Consolidation of nanometer sized powders using severe plastic torsional straining, NanoStructured Materials, Vol.10, No 1 (1998) 45-54 [3] L.C.Z.Zhang, J.Xu, E.Ma, Consolidation and properties of ball-milled Ti50Cu18Ni22Al4Sn6 glassy alloy by equal channel angular extrusion, Materials Science and Engineering, A 434 (2006) 280-288 [4] O.N.Senkov, S.V.Senkova, J.M.Scott, D.B.Miracle, Compaction of amorphous aluminum alloy powder by direct extrusion and equal channel angular extrusion, Materials Science and Engineerimg, A393 (2005) 12-21 [5] M.Galanty, P.Kazanowski, P.Kansuwan, W.Z.Misiołek
, Consolidation of metal powders during the extrusion process, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 125-126 (2002) 491-496 [6] M.Richert, Nanomaterials produced by the methods of severe plastic deformations (SPD), Archives of Materials Science, 26, 4 (2005) 235-261 [7] L.C.Zhang, J.Xua, E.Ma, Consolidation and properties of ball-milled Ti50Cu18Ni22Al4Sn6 glassy alloy by equal channel angular extrusion, Materials Science and Engineering A 434 (2006) 280–288 [8] J.Nagy, M.
Umem oto, B.D.Long, Y.Todaka, K.Tsuchiya, Work-softening, High Pressure Phase Formation and Powder Consolidation by HPT, Mat.Sci.Forum, vol. 654-656 (2010) pp 12051210 [11] J.Richert, M.

Codes on the Safety of Nuclear Power Plants in Relation to Seismic Design Yuanjun Li 1, a 1College of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China aliyjwh@163.com Key words: Code of nuclear safety; Nuclear power plant siting; Seismic design; Capable fault Abstract.
About nuclear safety system 1.1 United States The United States advances the code of nuclear safety in the world, and the U.S. standards is widely referred by other countries.
The relevant standards were then developed by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and American Nuclear Society (ANS).
And the ANS must comply with the provisions of the NRC regulations. 1.2 IAEA The IAEA serves as an intergovernmental forum for scientific and technical cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear technology and nuclear power worldwide.

Grain refinement of Mg97Y2Cu1 alloy solidified with pulsed direct current magnetic field Shuilin Tan1, a, Quan Zhou1, b, Jiabin Fu2, c, Hao Fu1, d 1 School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China 2 Jiangling Casting Plant, Jiangling Motors Co. , Ltd. , Nanchang 330001, China anhhztsl@sina.com, blgclzq@sina.com, cfujiabin0818@sina.com, d2238979709@qq.com Key words: Mg97Y2Cu1 alloy, grain refinement, pulsed direct current magnetic field Abstract.
Fig.5 Effect of pouring temperature Fig.6 Effect of mold temperature on grain size of the alloy on grain size of the alloy Without the deliberate stirring caused by PDCMF, the primary dendrites grow up and the secondary dendritic arms develop unrestrainedly, so the solid advances in the form of dendrites to form the coarse grains.
References [1] Y.Kojima, T.Aizawa and S.Kamada：Materials Science Forum Vol.419-422(2003), p.3 [2] Y.Kawamura，K.Hayashi and A.Inoue: Mater Trans JIM Vol.42(2001), p.1171 [3] Y.
Vol 55(2006), p.453-456 [4] B.T.Zi, Q.C.Ba and J.Z.Cui: Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 49(2000), p.1010-1013 (In Chinese) [5] B.T.ZI, Q.C.Ba and J.Z.Cui: Scripta Mater Vol. 43(2000), p.377-380 [6] C.Y.Ban, J.Z.Cui and Q.X.Bal: Acta Metallurgica Sinica Vol.15(2002), p.380-384 (In Chinese) [7] Q.S.Li, C.J.Song and H.B.Li: Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 466(2007), p. 101-105 [8] Y.L.Gao, Q.S.Li and Y.Y.Gong: Mater Lett.

[2] Mai, Son, Vu.Van.Tan, Myeong.Jae.Yi: An OPC UA client development for monitoring and control applications,Strateqic Technology (IFOST),2011 6th International Forum on,2011,Page(s):700-705
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The Fe plate was located on the advancing side and the rotating pin was inserted into the Mg plate as shown in Fig.1 (a).
References [1] B.L.Mordike and T.E.bert: Magnesium Properties-applications-potential, Materials Science and Engineering A302(2001), 37-45 [2] K.Nakata: Fundamentals of dissimilar welding, Welding technology, Vol.52, No.9(2004), 141-146, (in Japanese) [3] W.H.Jiang and R.Kovacevic: Feasibility study of friction stir welding of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy with AISI 1018 steel, J.
Engineering manufacture, Vol.218 Part B (2004), 1323-1331 [4] T.Watanabe et al: Joining of Steel to Aluminum Alloy by Interface-Activated Adhesion Welding, Materials Science Forum, Vols. 426-432(2003), 4129-4134.

Introduction Materials and processing methods used in aeroengine, aerospace and engineering industries are constantly evolving.
Due to the unique mechanical, physical and chemical properties, such as high ductility, good weld ability, heat resistance and reduced cold brittleness, nickel-chromium alloy 10H11N23T3 MR-VD is used in aircraft engineering, but its use was limited because of the high cost of treatment due to poor workability.
Materials Science Forum, 471-472, 162 [5] Merchant, E., 1944.
Recent advances in modelling of metal machining processes, CIRP Annals – Manuf.

X-ray structural analysis was performed on a Bruker D8 ADVANCE ECO diffractometer in the Bragg – Brentano geometry under normal conditions in the radiation of a copper anode (λ = 1.5406Å) using a nickel Kβ filter.
Miyamoto, Titanium aluminide coating on titanium surface using three-dimensional microwelder, Materials Science and Engineering: A. 492(1-2) (2008) 199-204
Ermakov, The study of the chemical and phase composition of the diffusion interaction zone in layered composite Cr20Ni80-AD1, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 177(5) (2017) 012134
Taube, Effect of the high-heating on the chemical and phase composition of the Al-Ni-Cr layered coatings, In Materials Science Forum. 870 (2016) 169-174

Introduction Ocean is the most harsh corrosive environment, a variety of marine engineering facilities will be inevitably subjected to erosion.
References [1] Weihua.Li, Kun.Cao: Reinforced concrete corrosion inhibitor and anti-corrosion repair technologies and new advances.
The International Corrosion Forum (1987)
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering.