Search results

The punching force reduction of the rooftop geometry has also been researched by Uddeholm Tooling AB [5].
Displacement-time and force-time curves and maximum punching force were stored with a computerized data logging system, Instron 8500 Plus control assembly and National Instruments NI USB-9162 converter.
The data logging software was Dasylab 9.0.
Stored punching test data was analyzed and average maximum punching force and displacement values for each of the punch-die pairs were calculated.
Compared to the results of Uddeholm Tooling AB, the measured punching force reduction in this study were significantly larger.

In this paper, we try to focus on the urbanization shock to the resident living direct carbon dioxide emissions, and adopt the Impulse Response Function (IRF) and variance decomposition of Structual Vector AutoRegression (SVAR) model based on the yearly sample data from 1985 to 2009 to conduct the empirical study of the dynamic fluctuation relationship between China’s urbanization and the urban-rural resident living direct carbon dioxide emissions disparity, so as to provide policy implications for China's carbon emission reduction.
Methodology and data source Methodology Sims [10] recommended Vector AutoRegression (VAR) models as providing a theory-free method to estimate economic relationships, which fits a multivariate time-series regression of each dependent variable on lags of itself and on lags of all the other dependent variables.
Data source and description The database used for this study is a yearly time series sample of urbanization, and urban-rural resident living direct carbon dioxide emissions disparity variables, for the year 1985 to 2009 in China including 1986 and 1987 missing data.
The data on CZH is calculated from the proportion of urban population in total population, and which is published in China statistical yearbook 2010 and the recent years’ China statistical yearbook.
Furthermore carbon emission reduction may depend on the successful application of nuclear power.

Deformation microstructures and micro-orientations of columnar grains with different orientations in a polycrystalline high purity Al cold-rolled up to 65% (thickness reduction) were investigated using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique.
The deformation was carried out to a total engineering reduction of 65% (r = 65% ) at room temperature using an irreversible mill with two φ130 × 400 mm rollers.
Orientation mapping involving automatic beam scanning was used with step sizes of 1-3 µm, Orientations of the pixels were represented using three Euler angles (ϕ1, φ, ϕ2) of Bunge's notation system, orientation data analysis was performed using OIM analysis for windows.
Orientation maps from EBSD data are shown in Fig.2.It can be seen that the boundaries with 5~15 deg angles and greater than 15 deg angles were imposed using fine and coarse lines, respectively.
Fig2.a shows the region remote from prior boundary (inner part) in grin GA, Fig2.b displays the transition zone from grain GA to GB except the inner part of grain GB, and Fig2.c consists of the inner part of grain GC and the transition zone from grain GB to GC, representing the differences in respect of grain subdivisions of the three investigated grains after a total thickness reduction of 65%.

Method In this paper, the data are obtained through driving simulation and practical experiments.
Data collection projects: Driver’s physiological data; Temperature, Humidity, Thickness of ice and snow; Compaction degree; Braking distance and Braking time etc.
Driver’s (driver A and driver B) physiology data are obtained under the simulation ice-snow pavement conditions, then the time domain and frequency domain analysis as Fig.11- Fig.14 shown.
Through the comparison analysis of data and maps can be drawn that the changes range of driver A’s main physiology indexes is more obvious (more sensitive) than driver B’s.
Then driver’s physiology data are obtained under the simulation ice-snow steep slope road, then the time domain and frequency domain analysis as Fig.15 and Fig.16 shown.

This paper provides theoretical reference for vibration and noise reduction of the industrial sewing machine.
Fig. 7 Measurement window Experimental Result and Data Analysis The transfer function curve of each measured point is showed in Fig. 8.
Fig. 8 The transfer function curve The PolyMAX algorithm is used to analyze the modal data, and the first four set natural frequencies and damping ratio of the industrial sewing machine frame are obtained, which is shown as Table 3.
The result shows that the finite element model of the industrial sewing machine frame built in the paper is reasonable, which provides theoretical reference for vibration and noise reduction of the industrial sewing machine frame.

Both methods are subjective,and the requirements for data of working conditions is huge.
Based on the discriminate analysis, classify the driving data.
According to discriminate analysis, test design and data acquisition would be purposeful, the traffic character would be presented by less data and the classification result of condition data would be obtained effectively.
Traffic condition data acquisition and characteristic parameters analysis 1 2 To get the data which can reflect actual traffic condition, a survey of Tianjin was conduct.
And data acquisition test could be designed more effectively to get the specific data.

Diffraction pattern of the film growth can be indexed to the monoclinic phase of WO3 with lattice parameters of a = 7.301 Å, b = 7.539 Å, c = 7.690 Å, b = 90.89°, which agrees well with the data from the JCPDS No. 72-0677.
The crystallite sizes were calculated from XRD data using the Scherrer equation (Eq.1)
Table 1. shows the XRD data processing results.
These results have a good correlation with the crystallinity analysis data.
The film growth at (111) orientation shows a rapid growing after Pt addition which confirm with XRD data and SEM images.

H2 consumption and Tmax (temperature of maximum of the reduction profile) positions were recorded by a TCD.
Before analysis, an pre-reduction of CuO phase to Cu0 was performed in a flow mixture of 5%H2-N2, raising the temperature at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min from room temperature up to 290 ℃.
Cu0 surface area was calculated from N2O decomposition data using the following equation .
Additionally, the reduction profiles are unimodal curves, indicating the reduced material is only CuO because ZnO would be reduced in H2 atmosphere above 600 ℃.
Additionally, (CuZn)5(OH)6CO3 in the precursors of Cu catalysts leads to more active Cu0 compared with the other precursors after calcination and reduction.

The Cr-WC:H-DLC layer affected fatigue limit favourably unlike the Microcoat C-layer, which resulted in reduction of fatigue strength.
A detailed analysis of recorded data during static tensile tests indicated an occurrence of significant surface and subsurface residual stresses with a strong possible effect on fatigue crack initiation mechanisms.
§ Microcoat coating with the Micro – C layer resulted in further deterioration of fatigue resistance including fatigue limit reduction, by almost 20 % in comparison with the surface untreated state
§ Fatigue resistance of the Hauzer Cr+W-C:H+DLC coating was comparable with the nitrided surface, i.e. an increase of fatigue limit but reduction of fatigue life at higher stress amplitudes like in [10,11].
§ Microcoat coating with the Micro – C layer resulted in further deterioration of fatigue resistance including fatigue limit reduction, by almost 20 % in comparison with the basic heat treated state

., Huwei Township, Yunlin County, Taiwan akchen@dragon.ccut.edu.tw, byaur@nfu.edu.tw, ceocwc@nfu.edu.tw, dreed@nfu.edu.tw Keywords: Infrared light, coating technology, energy-saving, carbon reduction, heat insulation.
This paper proposes capabilities of transparent glass window design with energy-saving and heat insulation for carbon reduction issues.
A reduction of indoor temperature around 1℃~3℃ is able to reduce the usage of air conditioning in summer time and bring with issue of the significant environmental protection benefit.
However, the goal of this paper is especially for the energy-saving and heat insulation glass and then it can significantly reduce fuel consumption in heating due to a reduction in heat loss, and thereby lowering harmful gas emissions.
Data from manufactures indicate that the refractive index of transparent acrylic (Polymethyl methacrylate or PMMA) is 1.49, and the surface refractive index R% can be calculated as roughly 4%.