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Online since: June 2012
Authors: Hong Zhou, Zheng Bian Chen, Zhi Qun Liu
Since missile airfoil structures in the same batch are based on the same drawings, the random dispersion of these structure parameters certainly exists due to machining deviation and other factors.
Reliability analysis and sensitivity analysis can quantitatively give the structural safety reliability, the most important factor affecting structural strength and structural life, and it can help to make instruct structural design [5].
Material properties are listed in Table 1.
Machining processing and dimension error are main uncertainty factors that affect airfoil structure strength.
(3) Sensitivity analysis of missile airfoil structure illustrates that the thickness of skin is the main factor affecting the strength of the airfoil structure.
Reliability analysis and sensitivity analysis can quantitatively give the structural safety reliability, the most important factor affecting structural strength and structural life, and it can help to make instruct structural design [5].
Material properties are listed in Table 1.
Machining processing and dimension error are main uncertainty factors that affect airfoil structure strength.
(3) Sensitivity analysis of missile airfoil structure illustrates that the thickness of skin is the main factor affecting the strength of the airfoil structure.
Online since: August 2004
Authors: Sam Hong Song, Cheol Woong Kim, Dong Joon Oh
This fatigue delamination was affected by
the stacking sequence.
Table 1 shows the mechanical properties of the used UD GFRP prepreg.
Mechanical properties of unidirectional GFRP prepreg Fiber type Ultimate tensile strength(MPa) Tensile modulus (GPa) Tensile strain to failure (%) Density (g/cm 3 ) S-glass 4600 86 5.3 2.55 GFRP laminated as four different stacking sequences on the laminate configurations was cured by a hot-plate-press.
In addition, Table 2 showed the mechanical properties of GFRP laminates according to four different stacking sequences under N1 = 1,000 N/m, M1 = 50,000 Nm/m.
Mechanical properties of GFRP laminates under four different stacking sequences y x # 1 # 2 # 3 # 4 Notch x y x' y' θθθθ x, y : Laminate Axis x', y' : Ply Axis Fig. 2 Laminate configurations of stacking sequence at the laminate-axis vs. ply-axis Fig. 3.
Table 1 shows the mechanical properties of the used UD GFRP prepreg.
Mechanical properties of unidirectional GFRP prepreg Fiber type Ultimate tensile strength(MPa) Tensile modulus (GPa) Tensile strain to failure (%) Density (g/cm 3 ) S-glass 4600 86 5.3 2.55 GFRP laminated as four different stacking sequences on the laminate configurations was cured by a hot-plate-press.
In addition, Table 2 showed the mechanical properties of GFRP laminates according to four different stacking sequences under N1 = 1,000 N/m, M1 = 50,000 Nm/m.
Mechanical properties of GFRP laminates under four different stacking sequences y x # 1 # 2 # 3 # 4 Notch x y x' y' θθθθ x, y : Laminate Axis x', y' : Ply Axis Fig. 2 Laminate configurations of stacking sequence at the laminate-axis vs. ply-axis Fig. 3.
Online since: June 2025
Authors: Li Jun Han, Guo Jun Li, Zhi Guo Sun, Qing Dong Lang, Guan Lei
The copper alloy (CA) electrode cap (EC) is the most important factor that affects the quality and cost of welding.
The Cr in the Cr-Zr CA and Zn in the galvanized plate react chemically, affecting the welding quality and electrode cap life.
The compositions and mechanical properties of the plates were listed in Tables 1~3.
Mechanical properties of TL4225 and CR440Y780T Mechanical property yield strength/MPa breaking strength/MPa Hardness/ HV Elongation/% (A80) TL 4225 1200 1475 400-520 ≥5% The ECs Three materials used are Cr-Zr, Al2O3, and RE CAs.
The conductivity is influenced by various factors, including microstructures, grain sizes and conclusions.
The Cr in the Cr-Zr CA and Zn in the galvanized plate react chemically, affecting the welding quality and electrode cap life.
The compositions and mechanical properties of the plates were listed in Tables 1~3.
Mechanical properties of TL4225 and CR440Y780T Mechanical property yield strength/MPa breaking strength/MPa Hardness/ HV Elongation/% (A80) TL 4225 1200 1475 400-520 ≥5% The ECs Three materials used are Cr-Zr, Al2O3, and RE CAs.
The conductivity is influenced by various factors, including microstructures, grain sizes and conclusions.
Online since: January 2015
Authors: Bei Qing Huang, Xian Fu Wei, Ying Gong, Chang Long Guo
The inks’ particle size and distribution are tested before it is coated onto the surface of covering property test paper.
Factors like pigment dispersion greatly influence the CP, that makes it of great importance to study on the relations between dispersivity and CP of inks.
Pre-disperse them for 30min in D2004W electric mixer, then grind 0.5h, 1.0h, 1.5h, 2h in IGT-2S high speed mechanical stirrer respectively.
The higher the density value is, the poorer the covering property is, conversely, the better.
China Printing and Packaging Research. 2011(3):1-8 [5] FENG Wenzhao: Several factors affect the whiteness of the ink [J].
Factors like pigment dispersion greatly influence the CP, that makes it of great importance to study on the relations between dispersivity and CP of inks.
Pre-disperse them for 30min in D2004W electric mixer, then grind 0.5h, 1.0h, 1.5h, 2h in IGT-2S high speed mechanical stirrer respectively.
The higher the density value is, the poorer the covering property is, conversely, the better.
China Printing and Packaging Research. 2011(3):1-8 [5] FENG Wenzhao: Several factors affect the whiteness of the ink [J].
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Benedikt Müller, Stephan F. Jahn, Andreas Schubert
Evaluation of tribological properties of AlMg4.5Mn0.7 in massive microforming using the barrel compression test
Andreas Schubert1, 2, a, Stephan F.
It is influenced by many factors such as workpiece and tool material, lubrication, process parameters, geometric scale etc.
This in turn affects the measured geometric dimensions and adulterates the calculation of the friction factor which is adapted for cylinder samples.
Exemplarily, friction factors for lubricated and unlubricated experiments for φ = -0,6 are shown.
Fig. 11: 3D-images of top surfaces resulting from lubricated (left) and unlubricated (right) experiments with D0 = 0,5 mm Summary Experiments concerning tribological properties and surface topography of AlMg4.5Mn0.7 in massive microforming were conducted.
It is influenced by many factors such as workpiece and tool material, lubrication, process parameters, geometric scale etc.
This in turn affects the measured geometric dimensions and adulterates the calculation of the friction factor which is adapted for cylinder samples.
Exemplarily, friction factors for lubricated and unlubricated experiments for φ = -0,6 are shown.
Fig. 11: 3D-images of top surfaces resulting from lubricated (left) and unlubricated (right) experiments with D0 = 0,5 mm Summary Experiments concerning tribological properties and surface topography of AlMg4.5Mn0.7 in massive microforming were conducted.
Online since: May 2021
Authors: I.B. Chudakov, N.L. Fedotova, I.V. Saikov
However, the majority of well-known HDAs possess much lower mechanical properties than well-known structural steels, and this is very serious obstacle for their application to the practice.
Materials and Experimental Methods The following factors were taken into consideration during the choice of damping component of the composite material: external static stresses practically do not affect the damping capacity of high-damping alloy with 60%Mn and 40%Cu alloy in the region of high and medium amplitudes of vibration, as it was shown in our previous research [2].
After explosion welding, the kinetics of changes in damping and mechanical properties of the bimetallic material during annealing at temperatures of 400-450oC was studied.
Adhesion properties of the compound were also monitored.
Summary High-strength bimetallic structural materials possessing high level of damping capacity and high mechanical properties can be produced using the explosion welding technology.
Materials and Experimental Methods The following factors were taken into consideration during the choice of damping component of the composite material: external static stresses practically do not affect the damping capacity of high-damping alloy with 60%Mn and 40%Cu alloy in the region of high and medium amplitudes of vibration, as it was shown in our previous research [2].
After explosion welding, the kinetics of changes in damping and mechanical properties of the bimetallic material during annealing at temperatures of 400-450oC was studied.
Adhesion properties of the compound were also monitored.
Summary High-strength bimetallic structural materials possessing high level of damping capacity and high mechanical properties can be produced using the explosion welding technology.
Online since: April 2009
Authors: Lian Meng Zhang, Zhi Xiong Huang, Min Xian Shi, Tao Wei
The electric and damping properties of
PMN/CB/EP composites were detected.
Hori[11] reported a new type of mechanical damping composites composed of piezoelectric ceramics(PZT), carbon black and epoxy resin, but this paper just showed the damping properties at 300Hz and 20 °C.
Then considering the geometric factors of samples, the resistance was conversed to resistivity.
As shown in Figure 2 and Table 1,the CB content affected the glass transition temperature Tg, loss factor tanδ, loss area(TA) and damping temperature range(∆T) of PMN/CB/EP composites.
Compared with non-piezoelectric ceramic composites ZrO2/CB/EP, piezoelectric ceramic composites PMN/CB/EP perform higher damping properties, which proves the piezo-damping mechanism exist and play a role in damping properties.
Hori[11] reported a new type of mechanical damping composites composed of piezoelectric ceramics(PZT), carbon black and epoxy resin, but this paper just showed the damping properties at 300Hz and 20 °C.
Then considering the geometric factors of samples, the resistance was conversed to resistivity.
As shown in Figure 2 and Table 1,the CB content affected the glass transition temperature Tg, loss factor tanδ, loss area(TA) and damping temperature range(∆T) of PMN/CB/EP composites.
Compared with non-piezoelectric ceramic composites ZrO2/CB/EP, piezoelectric ceramic composites PMN/CB/EP perform higher damping properties, which proves the piezo-damping mechanism exist and play a role in damping properties.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Zhi Wei Wang, Ya Long Wang, Dong Dong Zhang
Cold rolling and hot galvanized steel sheet of DX51D+Z was chosen as the welding material, table 1 listed its chemical composition and mechanical properties:
Figure 1 schematic diagram of tensile specimen size
Table 1: Chemical composition and mechanical property of DX51D+Z
Card
No.
chemical composition(%)
C
Si
Mn
P
S
Alt
DX51D+Z
≤0.07
≤0.03
≤0.5
≤0.025
≤0.025
≥0.02
Card
No.
chemical composition(%)
C
Si
Mn
P
S
Alt
DX51D+Z
≤0.07
≤0.03
≤0.5
≤0.025
≤0.025
≥0.02
The selection of orthogonal test largely impacted the welding quality, and the machine operation interface of resistance welding made the adjustment of five influencing factors easier, including welding current, welding time, welding stress, preloading time, maintaining time.
Based on the early single factor rotation method, relatively optimal parameter values of the five factors were obtained, then four levels of each factor in the vicinity of them were given, as be shown in table 2.
that impacts the quality of solder joints of the five factors; then is the welding pressure, welding time, preloading time, while maintaining time is relatively the weakest impact factor.
The average tensile shear loads T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 value attained from experiments at different levels shown the corresponding value of the welding current under four levels was scattered, and had the greatest impact on the mechanical properties of the welding spot, while the best level of the welding current was about 11440kN; the best level of the welding pressure was 0.25MPa; the best level of the welding time was 18cycles; the best level of preloading time was 40cycles; all above was according to the influence to the welding joint mechanical properties; the corresponding value of maintaining time under four levels was relatively concentrate, and had a smaller impact on mechanical properties of the welding spot, its best level was 10 cycles.
Conclusions (1) The experimental analysis shows that the welding current impacts on the mechanical properties and quality of the welding spots heavily, then is welding pressure, welding time, preloading time, maintaining time.
Based on the early single factor rotation method, relatively optimal parameter values of the five factors were obtained, then four levels of each factor in the vicinity of them were given, as be shown in table 2.
that impacts the quality of solder joints of the five factors; then is the welding pressure, welding time, preloading time, while maintaining time is relatively the weakest impact factor.
The average tensile shear loads T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 value attained from experiments at different levels shown the corresponding value of the welding current under four levels was scattered, and had the greatest impact on the mechanical properties of the welding spot, while the best level of the welding current was about 11440kN; the best level of the welding pressure was 0.25MPa; the best level of the welding time was 18cycles; the best level of preloading time was 40cycles; all above was according to the influence to the welding joint mechanical properties; the corresponding value of maintaining time under four levels was relatively concentrate, and had a smaller impact on mechanical properties of the welding spot, its best level was 10 cycles.
Conclusions (1) The experimental analysis shows that the welding current impacts on the mechanical properties and quality of the welding spots heavily, then is welding pressure, welding time, preloading time, maintaining time.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Yuan Tong Gu, Prasad K.D.V. Yarlagadda, Beat Schmutz, Michael Schuetz, Javad Malekani
Accuracy of analysis and computational time are two important factors in efficiency of these tools.
This paper discusses about the parameters affecting simulation of deforming a distal tibial orthopedic bone plate.
In total, the solution can be optimized regarding the problem and solution factors.
Effective Factors in Solution of the Problem by Ansys Important factors of solution method, material model, geometric model, mesh configuration, number of the analysis steps, program controlled parameters and computer settings affect on the results and therefore are discussed in this paper.
Regarding the requirements in terms of application, biomechanical properties and the biological environment factors, orthopedic bone plates are made from highly isotropic biometals such as Stainless steel 316L and Ti-6Al-4V [12, 18].
This paper discusses about the parameters affecting simulation of deforming a distal tibial orthopedic bone plate.
In total, the solution can be optimized regarding the problem and solution factors.
Effective Factors in Solution of the Problem by Ansys Important factors of solution method, material model, geometric model, mesh configuration, number of the analysis steps, program controlled parameters and computer settings affect on the results and therefore are discussed in this paper.
Regarding the requirements in terms of application, biomechanical properties and the biological environment factors, orthopedic bone plates are made from highly isotropic biometals such as Stainless steel 316L and Ti-6Al-4V [12, 18].
Online since: February 2016
Authors: Wei Hong Li, Yi Han Wang, Yi Wang Bao, Zong Ming Yang
It focuses on the use of relative method, via testing dynamic elastic modulus of concrete damage layer subjected to single face salt freezing cyclic, to draw a gradient damage curve of concrete, and then study the damage process of the concrete under the effect of salt solution and the freeze-thaw cycle synergetic factors.
Research programs Dynamic elastic modulus is an important parameter of the material properties, the theory basis of the test is determined by measuring the structure resonance frequency, according to a certain volume of strength and density, as well as the density related to the basic physical principle of resonant frequency based on the material strength theory of structural resonance frequency calculated by dynamic modulus of elasticity.
So this research mainly through the test the depth of damage layers of concrete was studied by the dynamic modulus of elasticity of the different factors under the synergy of damage evolution process, and measured their life in the laboratory.
Therefore, the hierarchical analysis on the corrosion of concrete under multi-factor still needs further research.
Relative method and its application in the mechanical properties evaluation of brittle materials [D].
Research programs Dynamic elastic modulus is an important parameter of the material properties, the theory basis of the test is determined by measuring the structure resonance frequency, according to a certain volume of strength and density, as well as the density related to the basic physical principle of resonant frequency based on the material strength theory of structural resonance frequency calculated by dynamic modulus of elasticity.
So this research mainly through the test the depth of damage layers of concrete was studied by the dynamic modulus of elasticity of the different factors under the synergy of damage evolution process, and measured their life in the laboratory.
Therefore, the hierarchical analysis on the corrosion of concrete under multi-factor still needs further research.
Relative method and its application in the mechanical properties evaluation of brittle materials [D].