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Online since: May 2014
Authors: Ilaria Salvatori, Claudio Guarnaschelli, Tommaso Coppola
As preliminary material curve, data on 33MnB5 in form of annealed seamless pipe was available in CSM database.
Finally, the tapered specimens have been compressed at several height reductions (from 50 to 80%) and strain rates (from 0.1 to 1 s-1).
Unexpectedly, such evidences would suggest that the use of UFG wire rod, despite the finer grain size and the better ductility, was not clearly beneficial in term of scrap percentage, However, it has to be noted that the data of scrap amount, determined during the forging operations merely refer to the total scrap, as no selection of the defect type has been done.
It means that a further refinement of grain size should produce a more evident effect in scrap reduction during the cold forming process.
It is expected that a further refinement of grain size should produce a more evident effect in scrap reduction during the cold forming process.
Finally, the tapered specimens have been compressed at several height reductions (from 50 to 80%) and strain rates (from 0.1 to 1 s-1).
Unexpectedly, such evidences would suggest that the use of UFG wire rod, despite the finer grain size and the better ductility, was not clearly beneficial in term of scrap percentage, However, it has to be noted that the data of scrap amount, determined during the forging operations merely refer to the total scrap, as no selection of the defect type has been done.
It means that a further refinement of grain size should produce a more evident effect in scrap reduction during the cold forming process.
It is expected that a further refinement of grain size should produce a more evident effect in scrap reduction during the cold forming process.
Online since: February 2019
Authors: Oleg V. Zayakin, Ilia N. Kel'
The essence of this process of ferroalloys obtaining is the co- reduction of manganese, chromium and iron from the oxide melt by silicon.
The main task of the redistribution is to achieve the maximum reduction degree of the leading elements from the oxide melt.
Thus, the main parameter that affects the completeness of manganese and chromium reduction (at a constant temperature and silicon content in the metal) is the basicity of the slag [1].
Reduction of the dicalcium silicate content with a decrease in the CaO/SiO2 ratio in the slag less than 1.4. 4.
According to experimental data, boric anhydride is superior to MgO by its effect on the viscosity of metallurgical slags and is not inferior to calcium fluoride.
The main task of the redistribution is to achieve the maximum reduction degree of the leading elements from the oxide melt.
Thus, the main parameter that affects the completeness of manganese and chromium reduction (at a constant temperature and silicon content in the metal) is the basicity of the slag [1].
Reduction of the dicalcium silicate content with a decrease in the CaO/SiO2 ratio in the slag less than 1.4. 4.
According to experimental data, boric anhydride is superior to MgO by its effect on the viscosity of metallurgical slags and is not inferior to calcium fluoride.
Online since: December 2018
Authors: Xiao Gong Wang, Xianghua Liu
The simulation results agree with experimental data on the whole.
Distribution of the stress (a) rolling direction (b) x-direction in the user coordinate system During the FR, there is no further reduction until the last pass i.e. the sizing pass.
This reduction (7%) is used to eliminate the surface defects created in the previous passes.
Main parameters of BSR process Curved deformation area obliquity α [°] Curved deformation area height H [mm] Length of straight part Lstr [mm] Reduction ε [%] # 1 75 7.83 7 9 # 2 75 9.96 11 18 Fig. 5.
The surface defects remain to be eliminated by further reduction, which will reduce the thickness ratio obtained during BSR.
Distribution of the stress (a) rolling direction (b) x-direction in the user coordinate system During the FR, there is no further reduction until the last pass i.e. the sizing pass.
This reduction (7%) is used to eliminate the surface defects created in the previous passes.
Main parameters of BSR process Curved deformation area obliquity α [°] Curved deformation area height H [mm] Length of straight part Lstr [mm] Reduction ε [%] # 1 75 7.83 7 9 # 2 75 9.96 11 18 Fig. 5.
The surface defects remain to be eliminated by further reduction, which will reduce the thickness ratio obtained during BSR.
Online since: April 2014
Authors: Xiao Ming Tao, Bin Gang Xu, Hua Yang Yu, Jian Liang Gong
Fig. 3 UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra of porous APS and APST coatings
Fig. 4 NOx reduction efficiency of different asphalt composite coatings.
The NOx reduction efficiency of the honeycomb structured asphalt composite coatings with different TiO2 contents was quantified in the laboratory.
The change of NOx reduction efficiency during the whole process was calculated according to the recorded data, as shown in Fig. 4.
Nevertheless, both APST-H and APST-L always keep at high NOx reduction efficiency with no attenuation.
Laboratory evaluation demonstrated that the NOx reduction efficiency of honeycomb-microstructured coatings increases up to 40%, higher than that of compacting sample (24%).
The NOx reduction efficiency of the honeycomb structured asphalt composite coatings with different TiO2 contents was quantified in the laboratory.
The change of NOx reduction efficiency during the whole process was calculated according to the recorded data, as shown in Fig. 4.
Nevertheless, both APST-H and APST-L always keep at high NOx reduction efficiency with no attenuation.
Laboratory evaluation demonstrated that the NOx reduction efficiency of honeycomb-microstructured coatings increases up to 40%, higher than that of compacting sample (24%).
Online since: March 2009
Authors: Sandro Solmi, Francesco Moscatelli, Antonella Poggi, Roberta Nipoti, G. Pizzochero, Fabrizio Tamarri
A strong correlation among the increasing of the N concentration at the SiO2/SiC interface,
the reduction of the interface state density located near the conduction band and the improvement of
the MOSFETs performance was obtained.
The main effect of the N implantation is the reduction of the electron interface trap density, Dit, located near the conduction band [4], with a consequent increase of the electron channel conductivity of the transistor [3].
However, a N pile-up near the surface due to a segregation coefficient between SiC and SiO2 greater than unity [8] should make the reported data on N concentration at the SiO2/SiC interface slightly underestimated.
Therefore, the transversal electric field dependence of the field effect mobility reported in Fig. 2 suggests a reduction of the interface trap concentration related with the N presence at the SiO2/SiC interface.
Furthermore, the decrease of Vth as the Nint increases is easy explained with the reduction of the negative charge at the interface due to the reduced Dit.
The main effect of the N implantation is the reduction of the electron interface trap density, Dit, located near the conduction band [4], with a consequent increase of the electron channel conductivity of the transistor [3].
However, a N pile-up near the surface due to a segregation coefficient between SiC and SiO2 greater than unity [8] should make the reported data on N concentration at the SiO2/SiC interface slightly underestimated.
Therefore, the transversal electric field dependence of the field effect mobility reported in Fig. 2 suggests a reduction of the interface trap concentration related with the N presence at the SiO2/SiC interface.
Furthermore, the decrease of Vth as the Nint increases is easy explained with the reduction of the negative charge at the interface due to the reduced Dit.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Qiu Guo, Lu Guo
The figure is a very important kind of data object, basing on the graphic data analysis can reveal the change of things and the law of development, and provide a basis for the later scientific decision-making.
One dimensional data vector A contains N=16 data values, such as [27,71,17,31,59,3, 43, 59100, 42, 0, 58, 30,88,72130], then gets the low scale data average in pair to express the average value [49,24,31,51, 71,29,59101], in which the average of 27 and 71 is 49, and so on.
The experiment used 1200 groups form data, each group with 2200 data points, we experiment with 100 groups of data, use 4 group as an example.
Locally adaptive dimensionality reduction for indexing large time series databases[C].
In proceedings of ACMSIGMOD Conference on Management of Data.
One dimensional data vector A contains N=16 data values, such as [27,71,17,31,59,3, 43, 59100, 42, 0, 58, 30,88,72130], then gets the low scale data average in pair to express the average value [49,24,31,51, 71,29,59101], in which the average of 27 and 71 is 49, and so on.
The experiment used 1200 groups form data, each group with 2200 data points, we experiment with 100 groups of data, use 4 group as an example.
Locally adaptive dimensionality reduction for indexing large time series databases[C].
In proceedings of ACMSIGMOD Conference on Management of Data.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Qian Qian Wu, Jia Guo Ren
Table 1 Quantity and titration range
The content range (%)
Sample quantity (g)
Titration range (mol/L)
<5
0.2
0.00104
5~10
0.1
0.00104
>10
0.1
0.002087
Iron Reduction and Titration.
In general, inaccuracy of measurement data is less than the measurement data itself.
The number of measurements should be appropriately increased to prevent process error from polluting the measurement data.
According to the similar ore analysis data of the Shandong Lu Bi building materials limited company, the chemical composition of this kind of ore is shown in Table 2.
According to the data of the Shandong Lu Bi building materials limited company, the end is shown.
In general, inaccuracy of measurement data is less than the measurement data itself.
The number of measurements should be appropriately increased to prevent process error from polluting the measurement data.
According to the similar ore analysis data of the Shandong Lu Bi building materials limited company, the chemical composition of this kind of ore is shown in Table 2.
According to the data of the Shandong Lu Bi building materials limited company, the end is shown.
Online since: March 2011
Authors: Kittisak Kerdprasop, Nittaya Kerdprasop
During the data pre-processing phase, we study data reduction by varying data sampling sizes and selecting relevant and appropriate features.
Clustering data into two clusters (fail cluster and pass cluster) 2.
TP rate or recall comparison of different data sampling sizes Figure 4.
The fault detection models are then derived from each feature selected data.
FP rate of each model on different feature selection methods Discussion For this specific data domain, it can be noticed that data reduction by selecting representative examples does not contribute much to the increase in fault detection accuracy in terms of TP rate and precision.
Clustering data into two clusters (fail cluster and pass cluster) 2.
TP rate or recall comparison of different data sampling sizes Figure 4.
The fault detection models are then derived from each feature selected data.
FP rate of each model on different feature selection methods Discussion For this specific data domain, it can be noticed that data reduction by selecting representative examples does not contribute much to the increase in fault detection accuracy in terms of TP rate and precision.
Online since: April 2012
Authors: Shahrum Abdullah, Mahfodzah M. Padzi, N.A. Azmir
It is a global statistical signal which has a high sensitivity of the peaks in a data.
Fig. 1 shows four original strain signals that were achieved from experimental measurement data.
Method of data editing was done on a random amplitude strain signals only.
This signal is called signal data editing.
The signals obtained from the measurement data were used to analyze the finite element model of ASTM E1820 and ASTM E606 specimen.
Fig. 1 shows four original strain signals that were achieved from experimental measurement data.
Method of data editing was done on a random amplitude strain signals only.
This signal is called signal data editing.
The signals obtained from the measurement data were used to analyze the finite element model of ASTM E1820 and ASTM E606 specimen.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Xiao Qing Lian, Xiu Mei Feng, Ming Xue Jiang, Yi Ner He
Aluminothermic reduction nitridation provide the possibility of no-pressure sintered and prepared Al2O3-TiN composites,but the research in this area mostly is the performance of the composite powder and the properties of the composites is less[8-10].
There is a strong exothermic peak at 1332.41˚C, meanwhile, the corresponding TG curves have a greater change, with the dramatic increase in quality, indicating that aluminothermic reduction and nitridation reaction was strong at this temperature point , TiO2 was reduced by Al and then nitrided as TiN and Al2O3.
It can be seen from the figure:there are only the characteristics peak of TiN and Al2O3 at the four test temperatures, indicating that the the raw material of TiO2 was all reduced by Al and then nitrided as cubic TiN and Al2O3 in accordance with the formula (1).When the formula (1) under flowing nitrogen, ,and at 1200˚C which was far less than zero[11],and aluminothermic reduction nitridation reaction could proceed smoothly.
[7]Renhong Yu.The research of TiN/Al2O3 composites and TiN powder synthesiazed by TiO2 carbothermal reduction and nitridation.Xi’an: Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,2005
Inorganic Thermodynamic Data Manual (Second Edition),Shenyang:Northeastern University Press,1994 [12]Lee J H,Ko S K,Won C W.
There is a strong exothermic peak at 1332.41˚C, meanwhile, the corresponding TG curves have a greater change, with the dramatic increase in quality, indicating that aluminothermic reduction and nitridation reaction was strong at this temperature point , TiO2 was reduced by Al and then nitrided as TiN and Al2O3.
It can be seen from the figure:there are only the characteristics peak of TiN and Al2O3 at the four test temperatures, indicating that the the raw material of TiO2 was all reduced by Al and then nitrided as cubic TiN and Al2O3 in accordance with the formula (1).When the formula (1) under flowing nitrogen, ,and at 1200˚C which was far less than zero[11],and aluminothermic reduction nitridation reaction could proceed smoothly.
[7]Renhong Yu.The research of TiN/Al2O3 composites and TiN powder synthesiazed by TiO2 carbothermal reduction and nitridation.Xi’an: Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,2005
Inorganic Thermodynamic Data Manual (Second Edition),Shenyang:Northeastern University Press,1994 [12]Lee J H,Ko S K,Won C W.