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Online since: March 2016
Authors: Mariusz Sierżęga, Lucyna Leniowska
For the considered system a linear discrete model obtained by parametric identification method for the data measured in a separate experiment has been designated.
Introduction Real-time systems cooperating with efficient data acquisition cards are widely used in measurement and control applications.
The collected data were linearized and used for estimation continuous-time transfer function.
Vibration reduction for frequencies of 193 Hz was 80%.
By comparing the values of signal amplitudes for each frequency, one can easily determine the vibration reduction.
Introduction Real-time systems cooperating with efficient data acquisition cards are widely used in measurement and control applications.
The collected data were linearized and used for estimation continuous-time transfer function.
Vibration reduction for frequencies of 193 Hz was 80%.
By comparing the values of signal amplitudes for each frequency, one can easily determine the vibration reduction.
Online since: October 2008
Authors: Ulrich Herr, Heiko Paul, Dominik Kessler
The results of the optical lifetime measurements are discussed in relation
to this reduction in QE.
However, for large Ce concentration, (see the data point at 0.65 at.% Ce in Fig. 4), the emission intensity is decreasing again, indicating nonradiative quenching. 0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0 normalized emission intensity Ce concentration [at.%] coarse grained reference Fig. 4.
Since ηττ ⋅= rad , (2) where τrad is the intrinsic radiative lifetime, which is assumed to be independent of the doping concentration, the model in Eq. 1 can directly be applied to the data in Fig. 7. 0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 optical lifetime [ns] Ce concentration [at.%] data fitted to Eq. 1 Fig. 7.
The dashed line in Fig. 7 represents the fit of Eq. 1 to the measured data.
The excellent agreement of the model and the measured data proves that concentration quenching is an important effect for the optical lifetime (since thermal quenching should be almost independent of xCe).
However, for large Ce concentration, (see the data point at 0.65 at.% Ce in Fig. 4), the emission intensity is decreasing again, indicating nonradiative quenching. 0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0 normalized emission intensity Ce concentration [at.%] coarse grained reference Fig. 4.
Since ηττ ⋅= rad , (2) where τrad is the intrinsic radiative lifetime, which is assumed to be independent of the doping concentration, the model in Eq. 1 can directly be applied to the data in Fig. 7. 0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 optical lifetime [ns] Ce concentration [at.%] data fitted to Eq. 1 Fig. 7.
The dashed line in Fig. 7 represents the fit of Eq. 1 to the measured data.
The excellent agreement of the model and the measured data proves that concentration quenching is an important effect for the optical lifetime (since thermal quenching should be almost independent of xCe).
Online since: August 2017
Authors: Yasuhiro Konishi, Toshiyuki Nomura, Norizoh Saitoh
We recognized that the reduction potential of Fe(III) ions is almost equal to the potential for the reduction of precious metals ions such as Pd(II) and Pt(IV).
Microbial reduction of soluble Pd(II) by S. algae cells at pH 7 and 25ºC.
Figure 1 shows typical kinetic data for the microbial recovery of Pd(II) ions.
This marked decrease in the aqueous Pd(II) concentration reflected the reduction of Pd(II) ions to metallic nanoparticles through microbial reduction by S. algae.
Figure 4 and Figure 5 show typical kinetic data for the microbial recovery of precious metal ions from the leaching solutions.
Microbial reduction of soluble Pd(II) by S. algae cells at pH 7 and 25ºC.
Figure 1 shows typical kinetic data for the microbial recovery of Pd(II) ions.
This marked decrease in the aqueous Pd(II) concentration reflected the reduction of Pd(II) ions to metallic nanoparticles through microbial reduction by S. algae.
Figure 4 and Figure 5 show typical kinetic data for the microbial recovery of precious metal ions from the leaching solutions.
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Piotr Migas, Marta Korolczuk-Hejnak
Possible titanium compound reduction reactions in the blast furnace flow down zone conditions.
In addition, there is the likelihood of hearth sculling, hindering the reduction reaction of iron compounds and hot metal desulfurization.
Reference data for industrial siliceous and ferrous slags were used to develop the model.
Mysen reviewed spectroscopic data of titanium added to glass, drawing conclusions that more than one structural position of Ti4+ is possible in such systems.
Red-gold titanium compounds that precipitated during temperature reduction can be identified a) b) FIGURE 5.
In addition, there is the likelihood of hearth sculling, hindering the reduction reaction of iron compounds and hot metal desulfurization.
Reference data for industrial siliceous and ferrous slags were used to develop the model.
Mysen reviewed spectroscopic data of titanium added to glass, drawing conclusions that more than one structural position of Ti4+ is possible in such systems.
Red-gold titanium compounds that precipitated during temperature reduction can be identified a) b) FIGURE 5.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Mao Hai Lin, Yun Hui Luo, Shi Sheng Zhou
Taking into account the Contrast Sensitivity Function (CFS) of HVS model, the color information reduction is implemented in some subbands of the wavelet transform domain.
There are much works for image-dependent GMAs proposed in the recent years [2-4], which can be categorized into four types: color-by-color reduction, color-by-color expansion, spatial gamut mapping, and spectral gamut mapping.
It converts the image data to transform coefficients that are a function of spatial frequency.
(a) test image (b)reconstructed image (c) image gamut Fig. 3 Test images and gamut (solid: original image gamut; semitransparent: PGI) Tab.1 Additional data for the test images Test image Gamut algorithm Gamut volume Original image Reconstructed image Parrot Convex hull 329023 248226 Color hat Convex hull 413495 390065 Conclusions In this paper, we present a novel method for constructing the PGI based on wavelet transform and HVS.
Taking into account CFS of HVS model, the color information reduction is implemented in some subbands of the wavelet transform domain.
There are much works for image-dependent GMAs proposed in the recent years [2-4], which can be categorized into four types: color-by-color reduction, color-by-color expansion, spatial gamut mapping, and spectral gamut mapping.
It converts the image data to transform coefficients that are a function of spatial frequency.
(a) test image (b)reconstructed image (c) image gamut Fig. 3 Test images and gamut (solid: original image gamut; semitransparent: PGI) Tab.1 Additional data for the test images Test image Gamut algorithm Gamut volume Original image Reconstructed image Parrot Convex hull 329023 248226 Color hat Convex hull 413495 390065 Conclusions In this paper, we present a novel method for constructing the PGI based on wavelet transform and HVS.
Taking into account CFS of HVS model, the color information reduction is implemented in some subbands of the wavelet transform domain.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Peng Zhang, Le Nan Wu
The information rates of single carrier modulation and multi-carrier modulation were compared to illustrate the role of order reduction.
It has been the core index and key generic technology of a new generation communication system to transmit higher speed data in unit frequency band.
An example of hybrid modulation combining of AM and MPPSK is described in [7], which can transmit an additional digital data about 72.65625kbps when the normal AM works well.
Order Reduction.
So it is necessary to illustrate the effect of modulation order reduction.
It has been the core index and key generic technology of a new generation communication system to transmit higher speed data in unit frequency band.
An example of hybrid modulation combining of AM and MPPSK is described in [7], which can transmit an additional digital data about 72.65625kbps when the normal AM works well.
Order Reduction.
So it is necessary to illustrate the effect of modulation order reduction.
Online since: February 2020
Authors: Jie Yang
Germany and the RheoWin software was used to analyze the data.
An initial shear rate to the CGFB slurry was set to stir the slurry for seconds before the date collection to sustain the accuracy of the data.
The data showed the variation of the shear stress with shear rate at all concentration follow a straight-line behavior.
Base on the experimental data, the regression analysis was made at the solid concentration of 76.05, 78.05 and 80.05 % (by weight) respectively.
The yield stress calculation straight line fitting was done to each set of data for all CGFB slurry.
An initial shear rate to the CGFB slurry was set to stir the slurry for seconds before the date collection to sustain the accuracy of the data.
The data showed the variation of the shear stress with shear rate at all concentration follow a straight-line behavior.
Base on the experimental data, the regression analysis was made at the solid concentration of 76.05, 78.05 and 80.05 % (by weight) respectively.
The yield stress calculation straight line fitting was done to each set of data for all CGFB slurry.
Online since: July 2003
Authors: J. López-Díez, R. Atienza, A. Güemes, C. Cuerno-Rejado
Attempting to update a large number of data may result in a unreliable parameter estimation.
The analysis included Guyan, dynamic reduction, pseudo-dynamic reduction and system equivalent reduction process.
The model has been tuned to approach the data corresponding to undamaged plate test.
To apply direct updating techniques, the measured data and the analytical model must be of equal size.
Therefore, reduction of analytical data, or expansion of experimental data is required.
The analysis included Guyan, dynamic reduction, pseudo-dynamic reduction and system equivalent reduction process.
The model has been tuned to approach the data corresponding to undamaged plate test.
To apply direct updating techniques, the measured data and the analytical model must be of equal size.
Therefore, reduction of analytical data, or expansion of experimental data is required.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Gao Feng Che, Xiu Mei Zhong, Hong Mei Liu, Zi Juan Ma, Yu Jin Chen
Abstract: By collecting field data, reconnaissance site conditions, laboratory test and numerical analysis, it can carry out seismic safety evaluation of the Minxian post-earthquake reconstruction relocated concentrated settlements.
By collecting field data, investigating site conditions, It can carry out seismic safety evaluation of the reconstruction site concentrated settlements.
In this paper, the numerical analysis method was used on the basis of laboratory tests, The strength reduction theory and elastic-plastic finite element method was combined by using the ABAQUS finite element software, under the static force, by adjusting the reduction coefficient, it can calculate the stability safety coefficient to analyze the static stability of the slope.Under the dynamic action, the safety coefficient was calculated by considering the stability of the input level seismic waves on the bottom of the model.
By using the adjusted minimum reduction factor to derived the stability coefficient under the horizontal seismic waves, it is clearly too conservative to evaluate the slope stability.
The paper adjusted reduction factor from 0.5 to 2.0, Fsmin can be drawn is 0.42, Fsmin′ is 0.623.
By collecting field data, investigating site conditions, It can carry out seismic safety evaluation of the reconstruction site concentrated settlements.
In this paper, the numerical analysis method was used on the basis of laboratory tests, The strength reduction theory and elastic-plastic finite element method was combined by using the ABAQUS finite element software, under the static force, by adjusting the reduction coefficient, it can calculate the stability safety coefficient to analyze the static stability of the slope.Under the dynamic action, the safety coefficient was calculated by considering the stability of the input level seismic waves on the bottom of the model.
By using the adjusted minimum reduction factor to derived the stability coefficient under the horizontal seismic waves, it is clearly too conservative to evaluate the slope stability.
The paper adjusted reduction factor from 0.5 to 2.0, Fsmin can be drawn is 0.42, Fsmin′ is 0.623.
Online since: February 2019
Authors: Oleg V. Zayakin, Ilia N. Kel'
The essence of this process of ferroalloys obtaining is the co- reduction of manganese, chromium and iron from the oxide melt by silicon.
The main task of the redistribution is to achieve the maximum reduction degree of the leading elements from the oxide melt.
Thus, the main parameter that affects the completeness of manganese and chromium reduction (at a constant temperature and silicon content in the metal) is the basicity of the slag [1].
Reduction of the dicalcium silicate content with a decrease in the CaO/SiO2 ratio in the slag less than 1.4. 4.
According to experimental data, boric anhydride is superior to MgO by its effect on the viscosity of metallurgical slags and is not inferior to calcium fluoride.
The main task of the redistribution is to achieve the maximum reduction degree of the leading elements from the oxide melt.
Thus, the main parameter that affects the completeness of manganese and chromium reduction (at a constant temperature and silicon content in the metal) is the basicity of the slag [1].
Reduction of the dicalcium silicate content with a decrease in the CaO/SiO2 ratio in the slag less than 1.4. 4.
According to experimental data, boric anhydride is superior to MgO by its effect on the viscosity of metallurgical slags and is not inferior to calcium fluoride.