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The material belongs to elastic-plastic model.
According to Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion adopted in this paper, whether the material reaches damage state is judged by internal stress state, and the material is processed by elastic model if it does not reach damage state, and otherwise it is processed in accordance with the elastic-plastic theory[7].
Overview of Design and Construction of Tunnel With Multiple Arch.West-china Exploration Engineering. 2001,Vol68,No.1:pp54~55 [2] CHEN Shao-hua and LI Yong.Structural analysis for a joined roof tunnel.China journal of highway and thansport. 2000,Vol13,No.1:pp48~51 [3] DENG Jian,ZHU He-hua,DING Wen-qi.
[11] ZHOU Yuhong,ZHAO Yan-ming,CHENG Chong-guo.Optimum analysis on the construction process for joint arch tunnels in partial pressure,Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering ,2002,Vol21,No.5:pp:672~679
[12] LAI Hong-peng,XIE Yong-li and YANG Xiao-hua,Stress characteristics of middle wall in soft-weak surrounding rocks highway multiple-arch tunnel under different stress field, Journal of Chang’an University,2010.Vol30,No.6:pp50~55 [13] XIAO Lin-ping,Study on control base of horizontal displacement of double-arch tunnel,Sichuan Building Science,2010,2:pp103~105

Wang Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095 asnailtree@163.com Keywords: Spray forming, P/M superalloy, Hot deformation, Dynamic recrystallization.
Materials Science and Technology, 1999, 7:63
Journal of Aeronautical Materials, 2006, 6:258-264
Materials Science Forum, 2005, 475-476:2845-2848
Materials Science Forum,Vols.747-748 (2013) PP 478-482

Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from the Flemish Institute of fundamental Sciences (FWO) and from the Institute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT).
Filice: Shape and dimensional accuracy in single point incremental forming: state of the art and future trends, Journal of materials processing technology 191 (2007) 390-395
Duflou: Determination of strain in incremental sheet forming process, Key Engineering Materials, 344 (2007) 503-510
Matsubara: A computer numerically controlled dieless incremental forming of a sheet metal, Journal of engineering manufacture 215/7 (2001) 959-966
Jeswiet: Wall thickness variations in single point incremental forming, Journal of engineering manufacture 18/11 (2004) 1453-1459

Introduction Giant magnetostrictive material (GMM) is a kind of novel smart material.
Jia designed a novel force sensor based on giant magnetostrictive material [2].
Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) through grant no. 11272229, the Ph.D.
Dapino: Journal of Intelligent Materials System and Structure Vol.10 (2007), p. 1057 [2] Z.Y.
Bruno: Measurement Science and Technology Vol.21 (2010), p. 205 [6] T.

The simulation predicts the flow field, rate of strain and apparent viscosity of the semisolid materials under transient and steady state conditions.
However, for successful implementation of the technique, proper knowledge on the properties of the semisolid materials under deformation is necessary.
Entov, Thixotropic rheology of semisolid metal suspensions, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 110 (2001) 164-176
Kapur, Rheological model for short duration response of semi-solid metals, Materials Science and Engineering A, 393 (2005) 223–228
Atkinson, Modelling the semisolid processing of metallic alloys, Progress in Materials Science, 50 (2005) 341–412 [8] W.

Introduction Currently, a new concept of the development of building materials science is being formed based on management of forming the structure of construction cement-based composites used in rehabilitation.
Surface properties of CNTs and their interaction with silica // Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. № 413. 2014. p. 43-53 [2] Oscar Mendoza, German Sierra, Jorge I.
Carbon nanotubes in new materials.
Beneficial role of nanosilica in cement based materials // A review Construction and Building Materials. 2013. № 47. p. 1069–1077
Construction and Building Materials.

A series of TiC-based cermets have been developed as tool materials for metal forming.
J. of Materials & Product Technology, 28 (3-4) (2007) 361-376
Journal Refract.
Monteverde, Processing and properties of Ti C,N)-WC- based materials.
Materials Science Forum, 534-536 (2007) 1169-1172

Proceedings of Institution of Civil Engineers, Construction Materials. 160 2 (2007) 57-63
Ball et al, Impedance spectroscopy measurements to study physio-chemical processes in lime-based composites, submitted to Applied Physics A Materials: Science & Processing (2011)
Allen, The measurement of water transport in porous materials using impedance spectroscopy.
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 43 (2010) 105503
Delgado., Handbook of thermal analysis of construction materials, William Andrew Publishing, Norwich, New York (USA), 2002

The metal sheath materials in common use are aluminium, copper, plumbum, silver etc.
The material of core and sheath is homogeneous continuum.
The material of core, sheath, air is Euler grid modeling and the multi-material ALE[5] arithmetic is used.
Tab. 1 Parameters of PETN【7】 Density ρ[kg/ m3] 1765 Material constant A 5.219E+11 Detonation velocity D[m/s] 7150 Material constant B 7.11E+9 CJ pressure PCJ [Pa] 2.9E+10 Material constant R1 4.41 the initial internal energy E0[J/m3] 1.09E+10 Material constant R2 0.87 Material constant ω 0.323 The metal sheath is described using STEINBERG material model and Mie-Grüneisen equation of state.
Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition) 2008(3).In Chinese [6] Lee E L , Finger M , Collins W.

Vulcanization Kinetics of Natural Rubber Coagulated by Microorganisms with Use of a Vulcameter Zhi-Fen Wang 1, a, Si-Dong Li 2,b,*, Xiao-Dong She 1,c 1College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P.
China 2 College of Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.
When receiving the manuscript, we assume that the corresponding authors grant us the copyright to use the manuscript for the book or journal in question.
Kwon: Materials Science and Engeering Astructural Materials Properties Micr ostructure and Processing Vol.483 (2008), p. 376 [4] H.
Tanaka: Journal of Rubber Research Vol.2 (1999), p. 231 [15] L.