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Online since: June 2012
Authors: Ling Yang, Ying Jian Niu
The X-ray diffraction data show that the phase obtained has a cubic-type structure.
Fig. 4 shows that ZHS and Sb2O3 can effectively reduce the data of HRR, CO and CO2 production.
It is clear that the reductions in the HRR, production of CO and CO2 are different in the two samples using different flame retardants.
There is 28.91% reduction in the peak HRR for the PVC2 sample containing 10 wt.-% prepared ZHS compared to pure PVC0 containing 3 wt.-% Pbst stabilizer only, whereas the reduction is 23.60% for sample PVC1.
Fig. 4 shows that ZHS and Sb2O3 can effectively reduce the data of HRR, CO and CO2 production.
It is clear that the reductions in the HRR, production of CO and CO2 are different in the two samples using different flame retardants.
There is 28.91% reduction in the peak HRR for the PVC2 sample containing 10 wt.-% prepared ZHS compared to pure PVC0 containing 3 wt.-% Pbst stabilizer only, whereas the reduction is 23.60% for sample PVC1.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: R. Anand, Sumit Raj, A. Zahir Hussain
There was a 5 % reduction in the Nitrous Oxide (NO) emission with pWEO.
Heat release rate (HRR) and exhaust gas temperature showed considerable reduction with pWEO fuel operation.
The cylinder gas pressure was measured using a quartz (piezo-electric) transducer through data acquisition system.
Higher density of processed waste engine oil affects the fuel atomisation rate and hence the reduction in heat release rate when compared to diesel [6].
· There was a considerable reduction in HRR for operation with pWEO, it decreased from 65 J/degree for diesel to 40 J/degree for pWEO, which is about 40 % decrease.
Heat release rate (HRR) and exhaust gas temperature showed considerable reduction with pWEO fuel operation.
The cylinder gas pressure was measured using a quartz (piezo-electric) transducer through data acquisition system.
Higher density of processed waste engine oil affects the fuel atomisation rate and hence the reduction in heat release rate when compared to diesel [6].
· There was a considerable reduction in HRR for operation with pWEO, it decreased from 65 J/degree for diesel to 40 J/degree for pWEO, which is about 40 % decrease.
Online since: August 2012
Authors: Li Hua Cheng, Ru Jin Zhou, Ping Wang
The HRP/CdSe/MS composite film toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) had stronger response signal under UV illumination than that in the dark.
The electrons photo-generated from CdSe and the electrons provided by electrode can occur simultaneously to catalyze the reduction of H2O2.
When CdSe/MS composite film as an electron donor is presented in a peroxidase–electrode system, the electrons photo-generated from CdSe/MS composite and the electrons provided by electrode can occur simultaneously to catalyze the reduction of H2O2.
Wide-angle (10-80º, 40 kV/200 mA) X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) data were recorded on a Rigaku D/max 2550 VB/PC diffratometer using nickel-filtered Cu-Kα radiation with wavelength λ = 0.154056 nm.
Such a fast response may be ascribed to CdSe as an electron donor presenting in a peroxidase–electrode system and facilitating reduction processes.
The electrons photo-generated from CdSe and the electrons provided by electrode can occur simultaneously to catalyze the reduction of H2O2.
When CdSe/MS composite film as an electron donor is presented in a peroxidase–electrode system, the electrons photo-generated from CdSe/MS composite and the electrons provided by electrode can occur simultaneously to catalyze the reduction of H2O2.
Wide-angle (10-80º, 40 kV/200 mA) X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) data were recorded on a Rigaku D/max 2550 VB/PC diffratometer using nickel-filtered Cu-Kα radiation with wavelength λ = 0.154056 nm.
Such a fast response may be ascribed to CdSe as an electron donor presenting in a peroxidase–electrode system and facilitating reduction processes.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Marina Rigillo, Elena Cervelli
So the study starts from the concept of risk as combination of hazard, vulnerability and exposure and propose a risk oriented methodology aimed at collecting and interpreting data about the comprehensive vulnerability of the city.
Due to the variability of losses - depending on the type of the hazard and the city context - urban vulnerability have to provide a set of basic data base and maps that easily represent the value of the material assets exposed at risk and to the immaterial ones (such as social values, cultural heritage, economic assets).
Weakness of the proposed methodology is in the difficulty of collecting data about the element at risk and in the complexity of the simulative approach for the evaluation step.
Activities done in the framework of assessing the GIS inventory model deal with data collecting (focusing on the components of population and material asset) and data representation (a number of layers dealing with the above mentioned components have carried out), aiming at the empiric demonstration of application of the designed GIS inventory structure.
[3] UN-ISDR: Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction: Invest Today for a Safer Tomorrow, United Nations, Geneva (2009) [4] UN-ISDR: Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction: Revealing Risks, Redefining Development, United Nations, Geneva, Switzerland (2009) [5] P.
Due to the variability of losses - depending on the type of the hazard and the city context - urban vulnerability have to provide a set of basic data base and maps that easily represent the value of the material assets exposed at risk and to the immaterial ones (such as social values, cultural heritage, economic assets).
Weakness of the proposed methodology is in the difficulty of collecting data about the element at risk and in the complexity of the simulative approach for the evaluation step.
Activities done in the framework of assessing the GIS inventory model deal with data collecting (focusing on the components of population and material asset) and data representation (a number of layers dealing with the above mentioned components have carried out), aiming at the empiric demonstration of application of the designed GIS inventory structure.
[3] UN-ISDR: Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction: Invest Today for a Safer Tomorrow, United Nations, Geneva (2009) [4] UN-ISDR: Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction: Revealing Risks, Redefining Development, United Nations, Geneva, Switzerland (2009) [5] P.
Online since: July 2022
Authors: Laila Laasri, Hafida Naim
Solomon, 2020, raised the need to conduct LCA of natural fibers based products to assess the reduction in CO2 release, and to create awareness among the application of natural fiber in environmental friendly products [7].
To the best of our knowledge, no studies exist on LCA of this biogeotextile, therefore, our main purpose is to provide new data on this product, to assess its environmental impact across its life-cycle from cradle to gate, and to compare the results with examples of similar synthetic products available on the market. 1.
Fig. 2: System boundary of the palm fiber geotextile life cycle inventory. 1.2.2 Life cycle inventory analysis The data was obtained from a former production site located in morocco which dates from the colonial period [10] and existing databases from Ecoinvent used in openLCA software.
The use of biobased geotextile allowed a reduction of 80% of energy demand, unlike the water demand which is about 80% higher using palm-fiber geotextile.
A substantial reduction in energy demand was also raised for PF geotextile, the global energy consumption of 9.5 MJ per 1 m2 which appears to be very low compared to the same surface unit of PET and PP-based geotextiles.
To the best of our knowledge, no studies exist on LCA of this biogeotextile, therefore, our main purpose is to provide new data on this product, to assess its environmental impact across its life-cycle from cradle to gate, and to compare the results with examples of similar synthetic products available on the market. 1.
Fig. 2: System boundary of the palm fiber geotextile life cycle inventory. 1.2.2 Life cycle inventory analysis The data was obtained from a former production site located in morocco which dates from the colonial period [10] and existing databases from Ecoinvent used in openLCA software.
The use of biobased geotextile allowed a reduction of 80% of energy demand, unlike the water demand which is about 80% higher using palm-fiber geotextile.
A substantial reduction in energy demand was also raised for PF geotextile, the global energy consumption of 9.5 MJ per 1 m2 which appears to be very low compared to the same surface unit of PET and PP-based geotextiles.
Online since: August 2007
Authors: Won Beom Kim, Jeom Kee Paik
In this research, corrosion fatigue tests using 490MPa TMCP steel were performed in
synthetic seawater condition to investigate the corrosion fatigue crack propagation characteristics of
TMCP steel plate which is often used for ships and offshore structures from its weldability and weight
reduction purpose.
Introduction Recently, TMCP steel is widely used from its merit of weldability and weight reduction effect in ships and offshore structures.
It can be seen from Fig. 6 that da/dN-∆K data in air condition are plotted almost on one line.
This shows that the crack propagation in air condition is governed by the stress intensity factor only. ∫= ij ijijdW ε εσ0 jiji nT σ= jn E K J 2 = Γ Γ ∫Γ ∂ ∂ −= ds x u TWdyJ i i ) ( iT iu Fig.5 Calculated boundary correlation factor Fig. 6 Corrosion fatigue crack propagation data F(α,β) for the CCT specimen of the current research da/dN-∆K for 490MPa TMCP steel In Seawater Condition.
From the da/dN-△K data in seawater condition, it is obvious that the data of the synthetic seawater condition are much more scattered than those of air condition.
Introduction Recently, TMCP steel is widely used from its merit of weldability and weight reduction effect in ships and offshore structures.
It can be seen from Fig. 6 that da/dN-∆K data in air condition are plotted almost on one line.
This shows that the crack propagation in air condition is governed by the stress intensity factor only. ∫= ij ijijdW ε εσ0 jiji nT σ= jn E K J 2 = Γ Γ ∫Γ ∂ ∂ −= ds x u TWdyJ i i ) ( iT iu Fig.5 Calculated boundary correlation factor Fig. 6 Corrosion fatigue crack propagation data F(α,β) for the CCT specimen of the current research da/dN-∆K for 490MPa TMCP steel In Seawater Condition.
From the da/dN-△K data in seawater condition, it is obvious that the data of the synthetic seawater condition are much more scattered than those of air condition.
Online since: December 2016
Authors: Sakib Shahriar, Tanvir Hossen, Pallab Mahmud, Antor Habib Chowdhury
A map, shows the current state of the operation is drawn first using the time and flow data.
To draw the current state map, data was collected from the floor.
There are different ways to collect information and relevant data from the manufacturer company.
By visiting the factory, we have acquired some great experience and also gather our required information and relevant data for our work.
When we collected all the relevant data and understood about the operations, then we had to conduct our own time studies to get exact cycle time of the processes.
To draw the current state map, data was collected from the floor.
There are different ways to collect information and relevant data from the manufacturer company.
By visiting the factory, we have acquired some great experience and also gather our required information and relevant data for our work.
When we collected all the relevant data and understood about the operations, then we had to conduct our own time studies to get exact cycle time of the processes.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Kai Gu, Ming Zhao, Xiao Zhong Lu, Xiao Min Sun, Chang Qing Ji
The reduction of the viscous activation energy with the increase of shear stress reflected PA6/MMT can be processed over a wider temperature.
Some important rheological data were obtained to direct the practical processing of spuning.
The data in Table 1 indicastes that the viscous activation energy of PA6/MMT was higher than the neat PA6.
The reduction of the viscous activation energy with the increase of shear stress showed a faded temperature-sensitivity of apparent viscosity,and therefore the PA6/MMT was stable over a wider temperature range at given stress.
Some important rheological data were obtained to direct the practical processing of spuning.
The data in Table 1 indicastes that the viscous activation energy of PA6/MMT was higher than the neat PA6.
The reduction of the viscous activation energy with the increase of shear stress showed a faded temperature-sensitivity of apparent viscosity,and therefore the PA6/MMT was stable over a wider temperature range at given stress.
Online since: August 2024
Authors: Soenke Habenicht, Massimo Mazzillo, Davood Momeni, Zhe Yu, Jesus Urresti, Christian Liguda, Joachim Stache
Fig.2. 4H-SiC PIN Diodes VF at 10A (left y-axis-black data points) and TLM Ti P+ contact ρC (right y-axis-red data points) as a function of the dopant activation annealing temperature and time.
Fig.3. 4H-SiC PIN Diodes VF at 10A (left y-axis-black data points) and TLM Ti P+ contact ρC (right y-axis-red data points) as a function of the SiC surface thickness etched after the high temperature dopant activation annealing process.
Fig.4. 4H-SiC PIN and MPS Diodes VF at 10A (left y-axis-red data points) and TLM Ti P+ contact ρC (right y-axis-red data points) as a function of the Schottky annealing temperature.
Fig.5. 4H-SiC MPS (left y-axis-red data points) and PIN (right y-axis-red data points) diodes VF at 10A as a function of the drift layer doping.
Fig.7. 4H-SiC PIN Diodes VF at 10A (left y-axis-red data points) and IL at 650V (right y-axis-red data points) as a function of the P+ dose and metal contact.
Fig.3. 4H-SiC PIN Diodes VF at 10A (left y-axis-black data points) and TLM Ti P+ contact ρC (right y-axis-red data points) as a function of the SiC surface thickness etched after the high temperature dopant activation annealing process.
Fig.4. 4H-SiC PIN and MPS Diodes VF at 10A (left y-axis-red data points) and TLM Ti P+ contact ρC (right y-axis-red data points) as a function of the Schottky annealing temperature.
Fig.5. 4H-SiC MPS (left y-axis-red data points) and PIN (right y-axis-red data points) diodes VF at 10A as a function of the drift layer doping.
Fig.7. 4H-SiC PIN Diodes VF at 10A (left y-axis-red data points) and IL at 650V (right y-axis-red data points) as a function of the P+ dose and metal contact.
Online since: February 2015
Authors: Luiza F. Sayfulina, Eygeny A. Buluchevskiy, Alexander V. Lavrenov, Tatyana I. Gulyaeva, Michael D. Trenikhin, Eugeny Yu. Gerasimov, Roman V. Gulyaev, Vladimir A. Drozdov, Olga V. Protasova
Considering this data, palladium-containing samples deposited on supports with different acidic strength were tested in ethylene dimerization.
According to the data the samples can be placed in the following ascending order: Si < Zr < A < BA.
TPR data for Pd-containing catalysts.
HRTEM data Fig.2.
The amount of cationic forms directly depends on acid strength of support (TPD NH3 data in Table 1, XPS data in Table 3).
According to the data the samples can be placed in the following ascending order: Si < Zr < A < BA.
TPR data for Pd-containing catalysts.
HRTEM data Fig.2.
The amount of cationic forms directly depends on acid strength of support (TPD NH3 data in Table 1, XPS data in Table 3).