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Determination of the Influence of Carbonation of Concrete and Corrosion of Steel on Reinforced Concrete Condition TIMČAKOVÁ Kristýna1, a *, ŠTEFKOVÁ Daniela1,b and CHOBOLA Zdeněk1,c 1Department of Physics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic atimcakova.k@fce.vutbr.cz, bstefkova.d@fce.vutbr.cz, cchobola.z@fce.vutbr.cz Keywords: Non-destructive methods, Impact-echo method, frequency inspection, reinforcement corrosion, concrete carbonation.
Introduction Impact-Echo method is non-destructive acoustic methods, which has wide application and it can be used in mechanical engineering, power engineering and in many industries as well as in civil engineering [1].
Result of fast Fourier transforms are widely used for many applications in engineering, science, and mathematics.
The signal response was taken by a piezoelectric sensor MIDI and was fed to the input of an oscilloscope TiePie engineering Handyscope HS3 two-channel with resolution 16 bits.
Conclusions In this paper we dealt with the study of changes in frequency spectrum during degradation process for a reinforced concrete structures and we showed the possibility of extending of Impact-echo method application in the civil engineering, when this method was newly used to assess the corrosion of reinforcing steel and its influence on the concrete structure.

Peng2,f 1Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, 9000, Denmark 2State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P R China amts@civil.aau.dk, bsoren.nielsen@civil.aau.dk, c2010wfliu@tongji.edu.cn, dchenjb@tongji.edu.cn, e lijie@tongji.edu.cn, fpengyongbo@tongji.edu.cn Keywords: Wind turbine, failure analysis, Monte Carlo, PDEM.
Butterfield, Effect of turbulence variation on extreme loads prediction for wind turbines, Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 124 (2002) 387-395
Naess, Failure Probability Estimation of Wind Turbines by Enhanced Monte Carlo Method, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 138 (2012)379-389
Chen, Stochastic modeling of engineering dynamic excitations for stochastic dynamics of structures, Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics, 27(2012), 19-28
Kashef, Moment-based load and response models with wind engineering applications ,Journal of Solar Energy Engineering , 122(2000) 122-128.

Application of dynamic load test in the bridge detection Tianming Miao1, a, Ying Zhou2,b 1 Civil Engineering of Jilin University, ChangChun China 2Jilin Jianzhu University, ChangChun China a2951512501@qq.com,b376674329@qq.com Keywords: bridge, detection technology, dynamic load test Abstract: This practice mainly uses the analysis research on the dynamic characteristics of bridge structure fluctuation test, determination of natural frequency, damping ratio, mode of vibration of bridge structure, dynamic impact coefficient, response (acceleration, dynamic deflection) test parameters, thus judging the whole bridge structure stiffness, operating performance.
Based on Midas Civil 2012 to establish the finite element model for calculating dynamic response of the bridge span structure, finally calculated the bridge the first and second order modal theory of vibration mode and frequency(in fig.1 below).

Analysis on Dynamic Stability of Cuneiform Pile under Vertical Harmonic Loads Qiang Sun1,a, Qiuyi Lin2,b 1 School of Civil Engineering at Anhui Institute of Architectural and Industry,China Hefei 2 School of Civil Engineering at Anhui Institute of Architectural and Industry,China Hefei a sunqiang@aiai.edu.cn, b linqiuyi6666@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: Cuneiform Pile; Foundation Pile Dynamic Load; Dynamic Stability; Soil Resisting Force.
References [1] Qiang Sun, Dajun Yang: Engineering Mechanics Vol. 14(1997), p. 87-91, in Chinese
[4] Qiang Sun, Siwei Cai: Mechanics in Engineering Vol. 1(1997), p. 43-45, in Chinese
[7] Xinjiang Wei: Mechanics in Engineering Vol. 20(1998), p. 50-52, in Chinese
[9] Xiying Shen: Engineering Mechanics Vol. 9(1992), p. 136-142, in Chinese

The analysis and countermeasures for the influencing factors of power grid engineering electromagnetic environment Youquan Zhang1, Fei Wang1, Shaocan Wang1, Qing Wang2, Xiaolei Zhang1 (1.
In light of the increasingly prominent environmental problems and disputes of the power transmission transformation engineering, analysis many of the environmental impact of 500 kV power transmission transformation engineering, introduce the related standards of electromagnetic environmental impact, focusing on the analogy analysis and theoretical prediction for the electromagnetic environment around typical 500 kV power transmission transformation engineering , analysis the condition of the power frequency electromagnetic field and radio interference which generated by power transmission transformation engineering effects on the environment. put forward the countermeasures and technical measures to solve and alleviate the problem of environment . 1 The environmental impact factors of 500kv power transmission transformation project The main environmental impact factors of 500kv power transmission transformation project are power frequency electric field, power frequency magnetic field
When the wires erection height of 500kv transmission line are increased to more than 17 m above residential area, after according to the circuit design rules removing the houses within 5m range of edge wire on both sides of line, the power frequency electric field, power frequency magnetic field and radio interference all can satisfy the standard of environmental impact assessment, it doesn't need to take other measures such as increasing the demolition range, and effectively reduce the civil disputes in the environmental demolition and demolition investment References [1] Gang Zhao, Guangjun Yang, Xiaoqin Li.
The discussion on the assessment problem of electromagnetic effects and environmental impact of power transmission&transformation engineering[J].

Stochastic Finite Element Theory Based on Visco-plasto Constitution Wang Ya Jun1, 2, a, Hu Yu2,b, Zuo Zheng2,b , Gan Xiao Qing3,c, Dong Zhi Hong3,c 1School of Naval Architecture and Civil Engineering, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 3 Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China aaegis68004@yahoo.com.cn, bDionysusmug@163.com, caegis68004@163.com Keywords: Geo-material, Visco-plasto non-linearity, Stochastic FEM algorithm Abstract.
Most geo-engineering cases have non-linearity.
Particularly, the material non-linearity is an important character of geo-engineering cases.
Introduction Geo-engineering is a special technology whose most subjects submit to non-linear mechanical characteristics.
Step-loading is the typical case of geo-engineering.

So we made some conclusion of the pile construction to share with the civil engineer.
Of course this data contains a lot of engineering experience, which includes large engineering personnel in the past.
Appropriate granite base can be used as underground engineering hydropower engineering facilities and oilfield basin basement.
In the bridge engineering, it can be used as pile force-bearing layer.
In civil engineering, the professional usually classify it to be gravel soils, sand, powder soil, cohesive soil, artificial embankment, etc.

A Simplified method for Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Column Analysis Danguang Pan1,a, Zheng Li2,b, Jinpeng Tan3,c, Hongchun Gao1,d 1Department of Civil Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China 2China Construction Design International, Beijing, 100013, China 3Capital Engineer & Research Incorporation Limited, Beijing, 100053, China apdg@ustb.edu.cn, bli.zheng@ccdi.com.cn, ctanjinpeng@gmail.com, dgaohongchun421@126.com Keywords: Concrete-filled steel tube; Finite element; Constitutive model, Confinement effect; Meshing size Abstract：To construct a finite element model of concrete-filled steel tube column which is suitable to practical engineering analysis, a double-beam (DB) element is proposed.
Therefore, the simplified constitutive model is safety and suitable for practical engineering analysis.
(in Chinese) [2] Shaohuai Cai: China Civil Engineering Journal, Vol. 32 (1999), p.16.
El-Tawil: Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 130 (2004), p. 159
[6] Hui Qu, Wang Wen da: Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 27 (2010), p.106-114.

The result of the research has a certain value to practical engineering design.
It is often used by architects and structural engineers.
So this mothed has not been used by large engineering staff.
References [1] Shizhao Sheng: STABILITY OF LATTICED SHELL, in: Civil Engineering Journal, Vol. 32 ,No. 6,1999
GB / T 50344-2004 [8] LIN Yan,LIU Xiliang: Industrial Construction, 2005,35 (11) :27-30 [9] LI Jun, WEI Xing, LI Xiaozhen, QIANG Shizhong: Civil Engineering Journal, 2005,38 (6) :8-19 [10] CHEN Yiyi, WANG Wei, ZHAO Xianzhong: Journal of Building Structures, Vol. 22 ,No. 6,Dec. ,2001.

Effect of Distribution of Knots on the Strength of the Glued Laminated Timber Beams KLAPÁLEK Pavel1,a and MELZEROVÁ Lenka1,b 1Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Mechanics, Thákurova 7, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic apavel.klapalek@fsv.cvut.cz, bmelzerov@fsv.cvut.cz Keywords: Glued laminated timber, knots, FEM model, four-point bending, rupture.
Guaita, Prediction of bending load capacity of timber beams using a finite element method simulation of knots and grain deviation, Biosystems Engineering 109 (2011) 241-249
McDonald, Fracture modeling of lumber containing multiple knots, in: Proceedings of the international wood engineering conference, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, 1996, vol. 4, pp. 288-294
Klapálek, Influence of knot distribution on strength of beams made from glued laminated wood, Diploma Thesis, Department of Mechanics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague, Praha, 2013.
Polák, Monitoring of mechanical properties evolution of the cast gypsum, Procedia Engineering 48 (2012) 562-567.