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The combinatorial explosion removal is the most important reason for this reduction.
Direct evaluation of data from the technical process at the component level represents another advantage.
This means that the qualitative parameters are replaced with the exact values ​​of the measured data obtained from sensors and actuators.
According to the input data the behaviour of the real process can be determined using output values ​​(measured state).
The measured behaviour is affected by the parallelly assigned model with the same input data.

Inter-laminar fracture is a major concern for the performance of these structures because it can cause significant reduction in stiffness and promote overall structural failure.
Data Reduction Schemes Classical Methods.
In order to overcome these limitations, a data reduction scheme based on the crack-equivalent concept so called CBBM is used for evaluation which depends only on the specimen compliance during the test.
Data reduction schemes FEA model input =700 J/m2 =1500 J/m2 =50 MPa =70 MPa =50 MPa =70 MPa ECCM 696 702 1495 1520 DBT 685 688 1450 1466 CBT 632 649 1298 1356 CBBM 696 695 1493 1491 Lay-up: [0]24, L= 100 mm, B=20 mm, 2h=3.6 mm, =75 mm, =150 GPa, =11 GPa, =6 GPa, =0.25, =0.4 A numerical study was performed by de Moura and de Morais [4] to assess the adequacy of various data reduction schemes to evaluate (see Table 1).

Based on the input data is impossible to determine the behavior of the real process using output values (measured situation).
This measured behavior is determined in parallel model with an associated of the same input data.
Fig. 2 Hybrid model for monitoring volume of liquid On-line reduction of state space Figure 3 shows on-line reduction, which represent a system located in critical state of tank overflow with subsequent discharge of liquid.
Based on input informations (sensor data, time data, hybrid model) computer periodically calculates all possible trajectories for a defined period of time and reduces all states.
Then we showed the example of on-line reduction of state space.

Inadequate data reduction methods are not only time consuming, but lose surface characteristic points also.
A whole digitizing data of the physical part is constituted.
Each group of the scanned data is handled by pretreatment of deleting noise points, smoothing data and so on.
A whole scanned data is obtained by registering and merging four groups of the scanned data, as shown in Fig.2.
So the data sampling is done to simplify and uniform the data through determining the sampling step to be 0.7mm.

This article presents some experience of building crumb rubber concrete (CRC) test sites, and the data of on-site measurement with respect to slump and air content of fresh CRC samples.
Khatib and Bayomy [11] proposed a compressive strength reduction model of concrete mixes versus rubber content.
In this article, we will present what we observed and the data of on-site sampling.
Now, a quantity called relative reduction is defined by the formula: Relative reduction = -(latter-former)/former (1) When the pair of former and latter was replaced by the 28-day compressive strength for (Mix-2, Mix-1), (Mix-2, Mix-3), and (Mix-2, Mix-4), respectively, the relative 28-day strength reduction for the three pairs could be easily computed by this formula in Eq. (1).
Thus, in this case, it appears that crumb rubber effect on strength reduction is no more than what the AEA induced porosity may do to it.

In this paper, the effects of EPS geofoam buffer on the reduction of thrust wall force are numerically studied to simulate three reduced-scale models of rigid walls using a large shaking table.
The use of the EPS geofoam as a compressible buffer yields obviously reduction of the lateral seismic thrust against retaining wall.
The test data showed that the peak lateral loads acting on the compressible model walls were reduced obviously of the value measured for the nominally identical structure but with no compressible inclusion.
Based on the results of direct shear box tests on specimens of the same sand material and data adopted by [4] and [6], the soil properties are summarized in Table 1.

Lowering holding temperature resulted in fine carbide generation and reduction of the row spacing.
The decrease in elongation is caused by the reduction of the uniform-elongation.
The calculation result is suitable for the experimental data in Fig. 4.
This can cause the difference between experimental data for small carbides which precipitated at lower temperatures and the calculation result in Fig.4.

The data show a clear trend upwards in the use of the technology albeit the total use is still low.
The data was collected with the help of project managers working for owners or developers only.
Data Analysis The SCTI data collection and analysis was used to establish a benchmark of the technology use in residential and commercial building construction projects, executed in the UAE between the years 2005 and 2010.
Fig. 1: Project Types in Data Sample Fig. 2: Number of Projects per year (year represents start of construction) The data examined the total SC technology use per phase of construction, and the particular differences between the phases.
Moreover, the data show a clear trend upwards in the use of the technology albeit the total use is still low.

Discussion on Management Mode of Construction Waste in China Weixing Shao1, a, Hongyan Jiang1,b, Ziyuan Zhang1,c, Hui Wu1,d 1School of Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture &Technology, Shanxi, Xi’an, 710055, China ashaoweixing99@163.com,bggjianghy@163.com,c378919404@qq.com,d123098327@qq.com Keywords: construction waste; sustainable development; recycling; reduction Abstract.
Then based on the analysis of the present management situation of construction waste, different of management modes of construction waste are evaluated, and then the mode of reducing construction waste from its source is presented, which would performs well to realize the reduction and recycling of construction waste.
According to a rough statistics on the loss of the building construction materials ,in which the data are mainly obtained from the cast-in-situ structure and frame structure, the quantities of waste can reach 500 ~ 600 tons per 10,000 square meters during construction.

The calculations suggested that the application of the US welded seams instead of sewn seams would allow the reduction of the costs for sewing threads during the manufacturing of the canopy to 50 % and the significant reduction of the labour requirement.
The strength of the welded seams P, N Sample style 56039 style 56023P style 56307krP Distance between the welding spots, cm 1 1.5 2 0.5 1 1.5 0.5 1 1.5 by the strip method 82.5 75 48.5 43 27 25 21.5 13.5 12.5 “in shear” 148 137 134.5 72.5 46 38.5 102.5 74.5 57 The represented data show that the strength of the welded seams depends on the strength of the materials themselves – the largest values are typical for the sample style 56039, then style 56023P and the smallest values – for the sample with the smallest breaking load and the surface weight – style 56307krP.
The draft of the nozzle-roll for the US welding of the parachute fabrics during the preliminary joint (tacking) of the parts The calculations showed that the application of the US welding instead of sewn joint would allow the reduction of the costs for sewing threads during the manufacturing of the canopy to 50%, the significant reduction of the labour requirement, which would reduce the manufacturing cost of the parachute systems.