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Effect of friction stir processing on mechanical properties of surface composite of Cu reinforced with Cr particles Bahram A.Khiyavi1,a, Abdolhossein Jalali Aghchai2,b, Mohammadreza Arbabtafti1,c, Mohammad Kazem Besharati Givi3,d, Jalal Jafari3,e 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, P.
Microstructures, microhardness and wear properties have been studied in order to evaluate the microstructures and mechanical properties of fabricated composites. the microstructure properties are evaluated by optical microscopy (OM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM).
Good microstructual and mechanical properties (hardness and mechanical strength) were obtained [12].
Barmouz used FSP to modify microstructural and mechanical properties of pure copper and also Cu-based SiCp reinforced surface composite.
Investigation of mechanical properties of Cu/SiC composite fabricated by FSP: Effect of SiC particles’ size and volume fraction.

Previously, the micro- and macro- tribological properties of carbon nitride coatings in various gases have widely been studied [2-11].
Experimental procedures Deposition method and mechanical properties' measurements of a-CNx coating.Prior to deposition, SiC disks (φ30 mm×t 4 mm) were ultrasonically cleaned in acetone and ethanol for 30 minutes.
The deposition rate was 20Å/s, and the coating thickness was about 0.5µm.The mechanical properties of a-CNx coatings were evaluated using a Nano Indenter MZT-4T.
Ball-on-disk wear test and microanalysis of sample surfaces.The physical properties of SiC ceramic used in here are shown in Table.1.
Surface roughness and mechanical properties of a-CNx coating and SiC disk.

There are many factors affect the properties and microstructure of ER fluid [4,5]，modified technique is one of most important factors affecting the ER properties and microstructure [6,7].
It has proved that polar molecule can greatly increase ER fluid properties.
For Ni group particles, it is covered with TiO2, formed Ni/TiO2 core-shell particles, and after that modified by Urea and etc，This paper focuses on the research of properties and microstructure of Ni/TiO2 group electrorheological fluid modified with Urea polar molecule under different electric fields. 2.
There are many polarization in Ni/TiO2/Urea. 3.2 Properties of Urea modify Ni/TiO2 group particles Fig.4 shows relationship between shear stress with electric field of Ni/TiO2/Urea, Ni/TiO2 electrorheological fluids at 30s-1, 30% concentration , From the graph, with increasing of electric field , the shear stress is increased in straight line .When electric field is 4kV/mm, the properties of Ni/TiO2/Urea particle is 40kPa, is 10 times of Ni/TiO2 particle.
With increasing electric field strength，the property of ER fluid increased for same composition.

The result shows that the structural parameters can affect the natural frequency sensitivity.
Many factors lead to the internal vibration of rotor system, which include the impact of wind load from the outside world, changing in gear mesh stiffness and the axial movement due to installation error.
The effects of selected design parameters on wind helical gear shaft modal properties are reported on in a few papers.
Parker [6] characterizes the structural natural frequency and vibration mode properties of planetary gears.
Journal of Mechanical Design, Transactions of the ASME Vol. 117(1995), p. 242 [6] R.

Particle shape, particularly its sphericity, plays a vital role in efficiently packing particles which directly affects to heat transfer properties.
To investigate this effect, three samples of particles with different shape were formed: spheres, ellipses, and cylinders using Discrete Element Method with equal volume and material properties, and only variation of their sphericity factors.
Physical properties of the particles and DEM parameters are listed in Table 2.
DEM simulation and mechanical properties of the spherical, elliptical, and superquadric particles.
These behaviors significantly affected the packing structure properties.

Chongqing Machinery and Electronics Technician College, Chongqing China,400037; awangyi@cqut.edu.cn, blingerli@sina.com, csongkun@cqut.edu.cn, dybq@cqut.edu.cn Keywords: Artificial granite composite; Precision grinder; Thickness; Dynamic stiffness Abstract: Studied the basic properties of artificial granite composite, and with the basic properties of cast iron materials were compared; for precision grinder bed design criteria were discussed, obtained affect the dynamic stiffness of the bed several elements.
The basic properties of artificial granite composite Static mechanical properties of artificial granite composite.
The static mechanical properties of machine components materials will directly affect the static stiffness, or static properties [2].
Chemical properties of artificial granite composite.
Describe the damping properties of physical quantities for the logarithmic decrement, loss factor η, damping ratio ε. η, ε value is greater, that the greater the damping, the amplitude decay faster[3].

Factors such as the length of the soft and hard segments, chemical composition and phase separation affects the relationship between structure and properties of polyurethanes [1].
Other factors affecting the properties of SMPs are the synthesis process, additional molecules and nanoparticles.
Since the selection of raw materials is crucial to the final properties as well as the structure of isocyanates which will influence the microphase separation and consequently affects the chain flexibility and shape memory properties of the produced SMPU, hence the objective of this work was to investigate the effect of different ratio of linear hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and alicyclic isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) on the thermal, mechanical and shape memory properties of palm kernel oil polyol (PKOp) based SMPU.
Ding, Largely improved mechanical properties of a biodegradable polyurethane elastomer via polylactide stereocomplexation, Polymer 137 (2018) 1–12
Cho, Comparison of thermal/mechanical properties and shape memory effect of polyurethane block-copolymers with planar or bent shape of hard segment, Polymer 44 (2003) 3251

Element diffusion and distribution along the longitudinal section are tested by the Energy Disperse Spectroscopy (EDS), produced by Oxford Corporation; Influencing factors of the coating's brazed interface are analyzed.
The coating bonding strength in this technology is higher than the mechanical bond coating level.
Figure 4 microstructure of welding specimen Figure 5 interface element distribution of welding specimen WC composite coating formed at the interface of factors The influence of brazing temperature and holding time The most important factor of WC composite coating interface affect the formation is the brazing temperature and holding time.
It will easily cause the solder and base metal over interaction if brazing temperature is too high that resulting the base metal corrosion and metal layer brittle and make the joint mechanical properties deterioration.
The holding time primarily based on the interaction between solder and base metal properties.

Carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) composite materials has unique mechanical and functional properties due to the combination of its constituent materials that possesses desirable properties.
The surface roughness is a quality indicator of surface characteristics of machined parts and it influences many properties of material [2].
The control factors and its lower and upper limits are presented in Table 2.
ANOVA is used for identifying the factors that affects the performance measures of quadratic models.
The magnitude of the variables indicates the relative weight of each of these factors.

The fatigue properties of refill friction stir welding joints of 6082-T6 aluminum alloy were completed based on the optimal process parameters.
Strengthening phase which was formed of trace elements significantly affected the fatigue properties of spot welding joints.
The fatigue life of spot welding joints along with stress intensity factors decrease showed an increasing trend.
FSSW joints need to achieve its ordinary tensile shear strength, and also fatigue properties need to achieve the appropriate quality requirements too.
Approximate stress intensity factors obtained from simple plate bending theory [J].Engineering FractureMechanics,1979,(12)12:505-522