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It displays only the XRD peaks of hexagonal phase Cd(OH)2 (Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS) card number 31-228).
All its XRD peaks can be indexed to cubic phase CdO, according to the JCPDS card number 5–640.

Table 1: Particle size of the commercial powder Sample Particle sizes (nm) BSCF 524.1 SDC 217.4 Ag 1300 Table 2: Particle size of BSCF-SDC and BSCF-SDC-Ag composite cathode powders Sample Particle sizes (nm) BSCF-SDC 351.6 BSCF-SDC-Ag 1% 493.5 BSCF-SDC-Ag 3% 856.2 BSCF-SDC-Ag 5% 1181 a b c d Fig. 1: FESEM micrograph of, (a) BSCF-SDC, (b) BSCF-SDC-Ag 1%, (c) BSCF-SDC-Ag 3% and (d) BSCF-SDC-Ag 4% The XRD data reveal that BSCF has a cubic crystal lattice structure with the chemical formula Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ, in accordance with JCPDS Card No. 00-055-0563.
The SDC material was identified by JCPDS Card No. 01-075-0157 as Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9 with a face-centred cubic lattice structure.
Ag commercial powder has shown XRD profile at JCPDS number 00-004-0783 (Silver-3C) with a face-centred cubic lattice structure.
These secondary peaks belonged to BaCO3 and Fe(CO3), as confirmed by JCPDS Card Nos. 01-071-2394 and 01-083-1764, respectively.
Moreover, impurities were detected after mixing of BSCF-SDC with Ag (1wt%, 3wt% and 5 wt%), which triggers the appearance of BaFe2O4 and CeO2, as confirmed by JCPDS Card Nos. 00-025-1191 and 00-043-1002, respectively.

XRD revealed that the sample consists of 66.7% HA (major peaks JCPDS card number: 98-005-2691) and 33.3% TCP (JCPDS card number: 98-008-2984)(Fig. 2).

Results and Discussion Fig. 1 and 2 show the X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) of crystallized powder compounds with composition 20Li2O:20SrO:30B2O3:30P2O5 which is sintered for 7 h and 24 h follow the standard card of hexagonal 2SrO·P2O5·B2O3 (JCPDS no. 18 - 1270), orthorhombic Li3 (PO4) (JCPDS no. 87 - 39).
For the 2SrO·P2O5·B2O3, most of the XRD lines match the lines given in no. 18 - 1270 of JCPDS data files.
The structure of Li3(PO4) is in pure orthorhombic phase, which is similar to that reported for the compound Li3 (PO4) (JCPDS no. 87 - 39).
The XRD results showed that the sample composition 20Li2O:20SrO:30B2O3:30P2O5 which is sintered for 7 h and 24 h follow the standard card of hexagonal 2SrO·P2O5·B2O3 (JCPDS no. 18 - 1270), orthorhombic Li3 (PO4) (JCPDS no. 87 - 39).
Acknowledgement The authors would like to thank Phosphor Research Group, Physics Department, UTM for the preparation of samples, The Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE), The Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Research University Grant Project Number Q.J130000.7126.04J29 for their financial support.

According to the data, we calculate out that the lattice constant of samples are a=0.31nm, c=0.49nm, match to the JCPDS card (JCPDS, No.88-2360, a=0.31nm, c=0.50nm), with no miscellaneous peaks.
In addition, we found that the diffraction peaks of the production doesn’t match to the JCPDS card (JCPDS, No.88-2360, a=0.31nm, c=0.50nm)very well.
Let α, β, γ denote respectively the solid phase, gas phase and surface phase; let S, F, μ denote respectively the entropy, free energy, chemical potential; let P, V, T, n denote respectively the pressure, volume and mole number; let σ and A denote respectively the surface tension coefficient and surface area of AlN nano-particle.
According to thermodynamic theories, at constant temperature (450℃), no matter what perturbation of the system itself is, the total mole number and volume keep invariant.

In Fig. 1(a), most of the peaks can be indexed into a hexagonal structure, which matches well with JCPDS standard card numbered 32-1109.
When comparing the diffractograms (a),(b), (c) and (d), as peak positions and intensities did not reveal obvious change, it can be concluded that the four phases are iso-structure despite of no standard card for NaLaxYb9-x(SiO4)6O2 (x=3,5,7).
XRD patterns of prepared Er:NaLaxYb9-x(SiO4)6O2: (a) x=9 (b) x=7, (c) x=5, (d) x=3, (e) x=0 and JCPDS standard card numbered 32-1109 Fig. 2.
As shown in Fig. 3, upon excitation at 980 nm, the most striking green emissions at 550 nm (ascribed to the 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 transition of Er 3+) are observed in their emission spectra, indicating a potential application 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 JCPDS 32-1109 (d) (c) (a) (b) Intensity (a.u.) 2 Theta (Degrees) (e) 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 0.0 5.0x10 2 1.0x10 3 1.5x10 3 2.0x10 3 2.5x10 3 3.0x10 3 3.5x10 3 4.0x10 3 Intensity(a.u.)

Run 1 Run 2 Run 3 Run 4 Leak intensity [Pa] Without leak 5 x 10 -3 8 x 10 -3 2 x 10 -2 The incorporation of erbium in the AlN films was achieved by partially covering the aluminium target with an adapted number of small metallic erbium pieces.
[7] JCPDS - International Centre for Diffraction Data, ICCD card nº 79-2497
[9] JCPDS - International Centre for Diffraction Data, ICCD card nº 85-1327
[10] JCPDS - International Centre for Diffraction Data, ICCD card nº 25-1495

Figure 1 XRD patterns of (a) as-synthesized Fe3O4 and (b) magnetic zeolite composites The XRD pattern of the magnetic zeolite composite samples (Figure 1b) has five characteristic peaks at 6.06°,15.38°,23.28°,26.64°,30.94°, which are entirely identical to the XRD pattern of standard NaX zeolites(JCPDS card no.38-0237).
By comparing the stretching vibration frequency of pure X zeolites and the composites, however, the symmetric stretching vibration peak at 753 and 672 cm-1shifts to higher wave number of 758 and 679 cm-1, which can be explained as the sharp increasing absorption of Fe3O4 at the range of 810-580 cm-1.
As shown in Figure 6a, the XRD pattern of the magnetic zeolite composites calcined at 330 ˚{TTP}730 C is entirely identical to the XRD pattern of standard NaX zeolites (JCPDS card no.38-0237).This result indicates that the crystal structure of the magnetic zeolites does not change after calcining at 330 ˚{TTP}730 C.
The product is composed of Fe2O3 (JCPDS card no.33-0664) and NaAlSiO4 (JCPDS card no.52-01342).

The following characterizations demonstrate that the structure of prepared material is nanometer composite powder by coating. 3.2 XRD analysis Fig.2(a) shows XRD pattern of composite powder(S1) ,which is consistent with that of JCPDS card No. 005-0664.It indicates that the synthesized composite powder(S1) is crystallized and the diffraction peaks could be indexed to the hexagonal structure (space group p63mc,JCPDS card No. 005-0664).
Acknowledgement The authors gratefully thank Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province for supporting this project (contract number: 20100334).

., nanorods, nanowires and nanotubes) of TiO2 are superior to their spherical and planar counterparts in terms of their high surface-to-volume ratio, increased number of delocalized carriers, and improved charge transport afforded by their dimensional anisotropy [2,4].
All the products in Fig. 1(a-f) comprise a mixture of rutile, anatase and brookite phases TiO2 (JCPDS card no. 89-8304, 89-4921 and 76-1934).
But, when pure Ti powder is heated in air at 400 ºC for 3 h, the resulting product is still metal Ti (Fig. 1(g), JCPDS card no. 44-1294), implying that the additive NH4Cl plays an important role in the current low temperature (400 ºC) synthesis of pure TiO2.