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Online since: August 2014
Authors: Kalyan Sundaram, Rahul G. Gore, Atul Joshi
M.Wismans[1] discuss various head injury criteria based on translational accelerations of the head’s centre of gravity and injury criterion based on stress and strains inside the brain.
The criterion used while testing of the helmet is Maximum acceleration induced at the centre of gravity of head form should be less than 275g when helmet is dropped with velocity of 7.1 m/s [4] which is the requirement based on Wayne status tolerance curve as shown in Fig.2 [1] Fig. 2 Wayne state tolerance curve Table 1.
No Model Name Model image Description 1 Basic Shape Basic shape made from wooden pattern machined as per data points given by IS4151 2 Mark Model By sectioning Basic shape at various locations the Mark models are manufactured 3 Track 1 Model Square wooden pattern of 110×240×200 mm Manufactured and FRP models are layered around its surface.
Fig. 3 Impact absorption test rig for which Track 1 type helmet is tested Fig. 4 Impact absorption test rig for Track 2 type helmet [4] Table 2 Results of Impact absorption testing on Track 1 and Track 2 type of helmets Test No Model Name Thickness of Protective Padding (mm) Thickness of FRP shell (mm) Weight of Helmet assembly (Kg) Density of EPS padding (Kg/m3) Maximum Head acceleration (g) Experimental 1 Track1 26 2.8 1.2 65 537 2 Track2 22 2.6 0.85 55 267 25 2.7 0.9 55 425 28 2.7 0.942 55 390 20 2.7 0.8 60 355 18 2.8 0.785 60 477 35 2.4 0.9 50 479 Fig. 5 Test window of Track 2 helmet Conclusion A Novel (Track 2) helmet developed has EPS padding thickness of 22 mm, density 55 Kg/mm3 and has minimum optimized weight of 850 grams.
References [1] J.
Online since: March 2010
Authors: Chuan Zhen Huang, Jun Wang, Hong Tao Zhu, Zeng Wen Liu, Quan Lai Li
Fig.1 Schematic diagram of PMAWJ Fig.2 Schematic diagram of pressure supplying system Jet System.
The parameters of the machine tool are shown in table 1.
According to Eq.1, the mass sprayed Gn (mg) is calculated.
Reference [1] M.K.
Bothell: International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, Vol. 37 (1997), pp.465-479
Online since: June 2010
Authors: Mayumi Suzuki, Ryoji Nakamura, Keith Davey, Hisaki Watari, Nobuhio Koga, Yoshimasa Nishio
Figure 1 schematically illustrates a manufacturing process using a horizontal twin-roll caster.
The principle dimensions of the twin-roll caster are listed in Table 1.
Thus, a solidified magnesium strip is continuously manufactured as shown in Fig. 1.
References [1] R.
Forum., Vols. 475-479 (2005), p.489-492
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Ping Zhao, Qi Zhou, Hong Yan Liu, Guang Xia Sun
Good corrosion performance has been assigned to these hybrid organic/inorganic thin films deposition systems [1].
From Fig.1 we can see that the corrosion potential of KH550+KH567 composite silane film is the lowest, so the corrosion tendency is the weakest.
Table 1 show the adhesion between silane film and paint film can reach grade 1 or 2, especially thin films prepared by KH567-KH550 composite silane solution, while phosphate films only reach grade 4 at the same conditions.
References [1] J.L.
European Polymer Journal 42 (2006) 479–486
Online since: March 2018
Authors: Alexandru Dima, Ilie Dumitru, Alexandru Oprica, Ana Maria Nicu, Diana Camelia Staicu
Several prototypes of the model were realized and analyzed, using the process that implies the use of CFD programs, Fig. 1.
References [1] R.
Yoon, A Numerical and Experimental Study on the Optimal Design for the Intake System of the MPI Spark Ignition Engines‖ , KSME Journal, Vol 10, No. 4 pp.471-479, (1996).1) [6] P.
Nasiritosi,“Intake manifold optimization by using 3-D CFD analysis”, SAE paper no. 2003-32-0073. page no. 1-5
Automotive Engines”, SAE paper no. 980783. page no. 1-7 [9] S.
Online since: October 2007
Authors: Harushige Tsubakino, Atsushi Yamamoto, Masahiro Jotoku, Eigo Kakutani
A commercial hot-rolled AZ31B alloy with 0.8 mm thickness was also used for comparison, chemical composition of which is listed in Table 1.
Results and Discussion Microstructures of the AZ31B and the low impurity magnesium alloys after the solution heat treatment is shown in Fig. 1.
The main difference in chemical compositions of the alloys is manganese concentration as shown in Tables. 1 and 2.
References [1] R.
Yamamoto, M.Jotoku and H.Tsubakino:Mater, Sci.Forum, 475-479 (2005) 543-546
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Jun Wei Lv, Zhen Tao Yu, Li Heng Fan
Based on Poisson equation, the induced magnetic field of vehicle can be expressed by Eq.(1)
(1) Where, is the geomagnetic field; is the induced field coefficient of the soft magnetic material of the vehicle.
Table 1 The measurements of six rotating-platform positions under magnetic interference rotary angles -26.3º, 0º,-153.7º 52 100 -775.7 133.6 -26.3º,0º,26.3º -50 992 1 190 45.8 63.8º,26.3º,0º 811 36 704 -1 138 63.8º,-153.7º, 0º 298.6 -36 291 1 317 63.8º,-63.8º,0º -906.9 -794 43 650 63.8º,116.2º,0º 2 016 1 207 -43 471 The compensation parameter and would be used to compensate the measurements including magnetic interference, and the results were shown as Table 2.
References [1] Mohammad N F.
Turkish Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2006, 30(1): 43-45
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Weerapol Namboonruang, Rattanakorn Rawangkul, Wanchai Yodsudjai, Nutthanun Suphadon
This concludes that the materials behaves like non-plastic materials, NP [8,12]. 3.2 The strength property of SCB and CLBA 3.2.1 Compressive strength Figure 1(a) and (b) show the compressive strength of SCB and CLBA with varying combinations.
The maximum and minimum thermal conductivity occur at burnt hull ash content of 5% and 30% ,respectively which are given values as 1.2284 W.mK-1 and 0.7401 W.mK-1 at 28 days cured time.
The average thermal conductivity of CLBA10+25 and SCB35 are equal to 0.7553 W.mK-1 and 1.7517 W.mK-1, respectively.
References [1] Tenoutasse, N. and Marion A.M., Characterization of Belgian Fly Ashes and Their Behavior in Cement Paste.
,Vols. 261-263., pp. 469-479, Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland, 2011 [9] American Standard Testing and Materials(ASTM) Standard C67, Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile, ASTM,West Conshohocken, PA, USA,1996
Online since: January 2013
Authors: He Ming Zhang, Hui Yong Hu, Bin Wang, Yong Le Lou, Yu Ming Zhang, Chun Yu Zhou, Yu Chen Li
Device Structure and Derivation A schematic cross-sectional view of the DG-TFET is shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows the gate threshold voltage VTG versus the gate length Lg at given bias Vds = 1 V and Vds = 0.5 V.
References [1] W.
Riel, "Tunnel field-effect transistors as energy-efficient electronic switches," Nature, vol. 479, pp. 329-37, 2011
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Xi He, Yu Jiong Gu
The parameters of the accurate model and the biased model are shown in Table 1.
Fig.2 The mass-spring model for the turbine-generator shafts Table 1 Parameters of the accurate model and the biased model Adjust the torsional stiffness using the method shown in Fig.1.
References [1] RUSCHE P A.
IET, 1996, 143(5): 479-486
Modern Electric Power, 1999, 16 (1): 1-4 [9] YAN Shuiping, HUANG Shuhong.
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